Tecnologías de comunicación y paz: soberanía epistemológica en gobernanza indígena
Palabras clave:
Gobernanza, co-creación, educación para la paz, TIC, contextos comunitarios
Resumen
La gobernanza en las comunidades de Colombia enfrenta un desafío crítico por la extinción paulatina de los saberes tradicionales. Este artículo explora cómo la integración de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y la educación para la paz fortalece la gobernanza comunitaria por medio de la co-creación de saberes. Con un estudio etnográfico cualitativo en el Cabildo Indígena Finzenú de San Sebastián, Colombia, se analizaron las prácticas de apropiación de herramientas digitales como WhatsApp y Google Meet para la comunicación, el debate y la toma de decisiones del cabildo indígena Los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, grupos focales y observación participante. Los resultados develan que las TIC, lejos de ser herramientas neutrales, operan como una nueva esfera pública digital que revitaliza la participación comunitaria. Se demuestra que, enmarcadas en principios de la educación para la paz, estas facilitan la revitalización de conocimientos ancestrales. El estudio concluye que este proceso de co-creación de saberes genera una soberanía epistemológica en la comunidad, lo que fortalece la autonomía y la resiliencia de la gobernanza, ofreciendo un modelo replicable para la gestión local.
Citas
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Ford, J. D., King, N., Galappaththi, E. K., Pearce, T., McDowell, G., & Harper, S. L. (2020). The resilience of indigenous peoples to environmental change. One Earth (Cambridge, Mass.), 2(6), 532–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.05.014
Galtung, J. (1969). Violence, peace, and peace research. Journal of Peace Research, 6(3), 167–191. https://doi.org/10.1177/002234336900600301
Habermas, J. (1992). Teoría de la acción comunicativa, I (Original publicado en 1981). Santillana.
Helbing, D., Mahajan, S., Carpentras, D., Menendez, M., Pournaras, E., Thurner, S., Verma, T., Arcaute, E., Batty, M., y Bettencourt, L. (2024). Co-creating the future: Participatory cities and digital governance. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 382(2271). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0113
Juncklaus, L., Bini, T., y Neto, L. (2016). Independência ou norte: Reflexões sobre a influência do estrangeirismo no campo do conhecimento da administração no Brasil. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, 14(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395131513
Lumbard, J. E. B. (2024). Islam and the challenge of epistemic sovereignty. Religions, 15(4), 406. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15040406
Martínez-Velasco, A., Terán-Bustamante, A., Ayala-Ramírez, S., y Castillo-Girón, V. (2024). Decision-making model in ancestral knowledge management: The case of the Raicilla in Mexico. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.6171
McGuire-Adams, T. (2023). Anishinaabeg Elders’ land-based knowledge: Enacting Bagijigan for health and well-being. The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2023.14.2.14802
Munir, S., Sadiq, S., Abbas, N., & Rasul, F. (2024). E-governance initiatives and citizen participation at global perspective: Systematic literature review. Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.26710/sbsee.v6i3.3089
Nas, J., Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Nurlinah, Haryanto, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, & Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. (2019). Indigenous village governance: Lessons from Indonesia. Public Administration Issues, 6, 94–104. https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2019-0-6-94-104
Neeganagwedgin, E. (2020). Indigenous systems of knowledge and transformative learning practices: turning the gaze upside down. Diaspora Indigenous and Minority Education, 14(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15595692.2019.1652815
Nistor, N., Daxecker, I., Stanciu, D., y Diekamp, O. (2015). Sense of community in academic communities of practice: Predictors and effects. Higher Education, 69(2), 257–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10734-014-9773-6
O’hare, P. (2018). Resisting the ‘long-arm’ of the state? Spheres of capture and opportunities for autonomy in community governance. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 42(2), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12606
Oliveira, T., & Mendes Pinto, T. (2024). Knowledge and emancipation: From epistemic injustice to digital and epistemic sovereignty in Latin America. Journal of Digital Social Research, 6(3), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.33621/jdsr.v6i3.33244
Ostrom, E. (1990). El gobierno de los bienes comunes: La evolución de las instituciones de acción colectiva. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Parker, C., & Bickmore, K. (2020). Classroom peace circles: Teachers’ professional learning and implementation of restorative dialogue. Teaching and Teacher Education, 95(103129), 103129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103129
Patiño, V. M. (1990). Historia de la cultura material en la América equinoccial (Tomo I: Alimentación y agricultura). Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
Plazas, C., y Falchetti, A. M. (1981). Asentamientos prehispánicos en el bajo río Sinú. Fundación de Investigaciones Arqueológicas Nacionales; Banco de la República.
Reardon, B. (2021). Comprehensive education for peace: Educating for global responsibility. Teachers College Press.
Resta, P., Shonfeld, M., Yazbak Abu Ahmad, M., & Wallace, D. L. (2018). Information and communication technology revitalizing cultural identity and diversity. En Springer International Handbooks of Education (pp. 1–11). Springer International Publishing.
Santos, B. de S. (2018). The End of the cognitive empire: The coming of age of epistemologies of the South. Duke University Press.
Šaparnienė, D., Reinholde, I., & Rinkevičienė, S. (2021). Relationship between citizens’ trust in local government and participation in local governance. Scientific Papers of the University of Pardubice. Series D, Faculty of Economics and Administration, 29(2). https://doi.org/10.46585/sp29021210
Sousa, M. V. L. (2020). A cibercultura e o uso das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TIC) por lideranças indígenas como ferramentas de reconhecimento da identidade cultural: outros territórios e espaços de resistência. Revista Interdisciplinar em Educação e Territorialidade - RIET, 1(1), 189–205. https://doi.org/10.30612/riet.v1i1.12958
Thomas, E., Benjamin-Thomas, T., Sithambaram, A., Shankar, J., y Chen, S. (2023). Participatory action research among people with serious mental illness: A scoping review. Qualitative Health Research, 34(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323231208111
Zamiri, M., & Esmaeili, A. (2024). Methods and technologies for supporting knowledge sharing within learning communities: A systematic literature review. Administrative Sciences, 14(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14010017
Zhaparaliev, S. (2023). Habermas and Internet: The reversed transformation of public sphere in the new media age? Мировая экономика и международные отношения, 67(7), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-7-118-126
Blangy, S., Deffner, A., Rixen, A., Couétil, T., Lamalice, A., Donohoe, H., & Labba, N. (2024). The role of participatory action research (PAR) in the emergence of self-determined Indigenous research responding to major societal issues. Research for All, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.14324/rfa.08.1.01
Bourdieu, P. (1977). Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology: Outline of a theory of practice series number 16 (R. Nice, Trad.). Cambridge University Press.
Braun, V., y Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bunn, S., & Mitchell, V. (Eds.). (2021). The material culture of basketry: Practice, skill and embodied knowledge. Bloomsbury Visual Arts.
Castells, M. (2010). The power of identity (2.ª ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
Caxaj, C. S. (2015). Indigenous storytelling and participatory action research: Allies toward decolonization? Reflections from the Peoples’ International Health Tribunal: Allies toward decolonization? Reflections from the peoples’ international health tribunal. Global Qualitative Nursing Research, 2, 2333393615580764. https://doi.org/10.1177/2333393615580764
Chapman, J., y Schott, S. (2020). Knowledge coevolution: Generating new understanding through bridging and strengthening distinct knowledge systems and empowering local knowledge holders. Sustainability Science, 15(3), 931–943. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-020-00781-2
Chiblow, S. (2021). An anishinaabe research methodology that utilizes Indigenous Intelligence as a conceptual framework exploring humanity’s relationship to N’bi (water). International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 160940692110580. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211058017
Cohen, J., & Fung, A. (2023). Democratic responsibility in the digital public sphere. Constellations (Oxford, England), 30(1), 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12670
Cornish, F., Breton, N., Moreno-Tabarez, U., Delgado, J., Rua, M., de-Graft Aikins, A., & Hodgetts, D. (2023). Participatory action research. Nature Reviews. Methods Primers, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-023-00214-1
Dawson, N. M., Coolsaet, B., Sterling, E. J., Loveridge, R., Gross-Camp, N. D., Wongbusarakum, S., Sangha, K. K., Scherl, L. M., Phan, H. P., Zafra-Calvo, N., Lavey, W. G., Byakagaba, P., Idrobo, C. J., Chenet, A., Bennett, N. J., Mansourian, S., & Rosado-May, F. J. (2021). The role of Indigenous peoples and local communities in effective and equitable conservation. Ecology and Society: A Journal of Integrative Science for Resilience and Sustainability, 26(3). https://doi.org/10.5751/es-12625-260319
De Sousa Santos, B. (2009). Una epistemología del sur: La reinvención del conocimiento y la emancipación social (J. G. Gandarilla Salgado, Ed.). Siglo XXI Editores; CLACSO.
Derpic, J. (2020). The end of the cognitive empire: The coming of age of epistemologies of the south. Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 49(2), 153–154. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327522796_The_End_of_the_Cognitive_EmpireThe_Coming_of_Age_of_Epistemologies_of_the_South
Dorantes Carrión, J. J., y Hernández Osorio, R. (2020). Wewetlakameh. Representaciones sociales sobre el Consejo de Ancianos en Hueycuatitla, Veracruz/México. QVADRATA. Estudios Sobre Educación, Artes y Humanidades, 1(2), 66–82. https://revistascientificas.uach.mx/index.php/qvadrata/article/view/398
Dryzek, J. (2021). The politics of the Earth. Oxford University Press. https://www.oxfordpoliticstrove.com/abstract/10.1093/hepl/9780198851745.001.0001/hepl-9780198851745
Fals Borda, O. (1999). Orígenes universales y retos actuales de la IAP. Análisis Político, (38), 71–88. https://centrodocumentacion.psicosocial.net/wp-content/uploads/2004/01/Fals-Borda-Reflexiones-y-Conferencias-sobre-presente-y-futuro-de-la-IAP.pdf
Fernández-Llamazares, Á., Lepofsky, D., Lertzman, K., Armstrong, C., Brondízio, E., Gavin, M., Lyver, P., Nicholas, G., Pascua, P., Reo, N., Reyes-García, V., Turner, N., Yletyinen, J., Anderson, E., Balée, W., Cariño, J., David-Chavez, D., Dunn, C., Garnett, S., . . . Vaughan, M. (2021). Scientists’ warning to humanity on threats to indigenous and local knowledge systems. Journal of Ethnobiology, 41(2), 144–169. https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.144
Ford, J. D., King, N., Galappaththi, E. K., Pearce, T., McDowell, G., & Harper, S. L. (2020). The resilience of indigenous peoples to environmental change. One Earth (Cambridge, Mass.), 2(6), 532–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.05.014
Galtung, J. (1969). Violence, peace, and peace research. Journal of Peace Research, 6(3), 167–191. https://doi.org/10.1177/002234336900600301
Habermas, J. (1992). Teoría de la acción comunicativa, I (Original publicado en 1981). Santillana.
Helbing, D., Mahajan, S., Carpentras, D., Menendez, M., Pournaras, E., Thurner, S., Verma, T., Arcaute, E., Batty, M., y Bettencourt, L. (2024). Co-creating the future: Participatory cities and digital governance. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 382(2271). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0113
Juncklaus, L., Bini, T., y Neto, L. (2016). Independência ou norte: Reflexões sobre a influência do estrangeirismo no campo do conhecimento da administração no Brasil. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, 14(1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395131513
Lumbard, J. E. B. (2024). Islam and the challenge of epistemic sovereignty. Religions, 15(4), 406. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15040406
Martínez-Velasco, A., Terán-Bustamante, A., Ayala-Ramírez, S., y Castillo-Girón, V. (2024). Decision-making model in ancestral knowledge management: The case of the Raicilla in Mexico. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.6171
McGuire-Adams, T. (2023). Anishinaabeg Elders’ land-based knowledge: Enacting Bagijigan for health and well-being. The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2023.14.2.14802
Munir, S., Sadiq, S., Abbas, N., & Rasul, F. (2024). E-governance initiatives and citizen participation at global perspective: Systematic literature review. Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.26710/sbsee.v6i3.3089
Nas, J., Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, Nurlinah, Haryanto, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia, & Hasanuddin University, Indonesia. (2019). Indigenous village governance: Lessons from Indonesia. Public Administration Issues, 6, 94–104. https://doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2019-0-6-94-104
Neeganagwedgin, E. (2020). Indigenous systems of knowledge and transformative learning practices: turning the gaze upside down. Diaspora Indigenous and Minority Education, 14(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15595692.2019.1652815
Nistor, N., Daxecker, I., Stanciu, D., y Diekamp, O. (2015). Sense of community in academic communities of practice: Predictors and effects. Higher Education, 69(2), 257–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10734-014-9773-6
O’hare, P. (2018). Resisting the ‘long-arm’ of the state? Spheres of capture and opportunities for autonomy in community governance. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 42(2), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.12606
Oliveira, T., & Mendes Pinto, T. (2024). Knowledge and emancipation: From epistemic injustice to digital and epistemic sovereignty in Latin America. Journal of Digital Social Research, 6(3), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.33621/jdsr.v6i3.33244
Ostrom, E. (1990). El gobierno de los bienes comunes: La evolución de las instituciones de acción colectiva. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Parker, C., & Bickmore, K. (2020). Classroom peace circles: Teachers’ professional learning and implementation of restorative dialogue. Teaching and Teacher Education, 95(103129), 103129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103129
Patiño, V. M. (1990). Historia de la cultura material en la América equinoccial (Tomo I: Alimentación y agricultura). Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
Plazas, C., y Falchetti, A. M. (1981). Asentamientos prehispánicos en el bajo río Sinú. Fundación de Investigaciones Arqueológicas Nacionales; Banco de la República.
Reardon, B. (2021). Comprehensive education for peace: Educating for global responsibility. Teachers College Press.
Resta, P., Shonfeld, M., Yazbak Abu Ahmad, M., & Wallace, D. L. (2018). Information and communication technology revitalizing cultural identity and diversity. En Springer International Handbooks of Education (pp. 1–11). Springer International Publishing.
Santos, B. de S. (2018). The End of the cognitive empire: The coming of age of epistemologies of the South. Duke University Press.
Šaparnienė, D., Reinholde, I., & Rinkevičienė, S. (2021). Relationship between citizens’ trust in local government and participation in local governance. Scientific Papers of the University of Pardubice. Series D, Faculty of Economics and Administration, 29(2). https://doi.org/10.46585/sp29021210
Sousa, M. V. L. (2020). A cibercultura e o uso das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TIC) por lideranças indígenas como ferramentas de reconhecimento da identidade cultural: outros territórios e espaços de resistência. Revista Interdisciplinar em Educação e Territorialidade - RIET, 1(1), 189–205. https://doi.org/10.30612/riet.v1i1.12958
Thomas, E., Benjamin-Thomas, T., Sithambaram, A., Shankar, J., y Chen, S. (2023). Participatory action research among people with serious mental illness: A scoping review. Qualitative Health Research, 34(1), 3–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323231208111
Zamiri, M., & Esmaeili, A. (2024). Methods and technologies for supporting knowledge sharing within learning communities: A systematic literature review. Administrative Sciences, 14(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14010017
Zhaparaliev, S. (2023). Habermas and Internet: The reversed transformation of public sphere in the new media age? Мировая экономика и международные отношения, 67(7), 118–126. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-7-118-126
Publicado
2026-01-21
Cómo citar
Fuentes, S.-P., Enamorado Estrada, J. A., & Rodríguez-Burgos, K. (2026). Tecnologías de comunicación y paz: soberanía epistemológica en gobernanza indígena. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 31(113), e3111311. Recuperado a partir de https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rvg/article/view/45123
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