Strategic planning of a metal-mechanical industry
Keywords:
Business management, competitiveness, key success factors
Abstract
The objective of the research was to determine how strategic planning improves the level of competitiveness of a metal-mechanical company. The research was of applied type, experimental design (pre-experimental category) and of explanatory scope. The techniques and instruments are the survey (questionnaire), interview (interview guide), document analysis (check list) and the survey to determine competitiveness (Competitive Profile Matrix). The results using the CPM (Competitive Profile Matrix) before and after applying the strategic planning are from 2.45 to 2.90; this increase represents 18% of the short-term objectives and was obtained by applying the strategies: create the marketing and sales area for the continuous growth of the company, develop advertising campaigns and implement a website, train employees in customer service for competitive advantage. The strategic plan implemented has improved the competitiveness of the metal-mechanic industry, achieving 18% of the short-term objectives, mainly strengthening its commercial area and after-sales service.
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References
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BCRP (2015). Sucursal Piura Lambayeque: Síntesis de Actividad Económica. [en línea], pp. 1-27. Disponible en: https://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Sucursales/Piura/2018/sintesis-lambayeque-01- 2018.pdf.
D’Alessio (2014). El proceso estratégico: Un enfoque de gerencia. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9789702612902.
Dang, V.L. y Yeo, G.T. (2017). A Competitive Strategic Position Analysis of Major Container Ports in Southeast Asia. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics [en línea], vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 19- 25. ISSN 20925212. DOI 10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.03.003. Disponible en:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2092521217300032.
David, F. (2017). Conceptos de administración estratégica [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9702604273. Disponible en: https://maliaoceano.files.wordpress.com/2017/03/libro-fred-david-9a-edicion- con-estrategica-fred-david.pdf.
Dombrowski, U Krenkel, P Wullbrandt, J. (2018). Strategic Positioning of Production within the Generic Competitive Strategies. Procedia CIRP, vol. 70, pp. 47-52. ISSN 22128271. DOI 10.1016/j.procir.2018.02.026.
Durán, C.A., Córdova, F.M. y Palominos, F. (2018). Method for improving critical strategic and operational success factors in a port system. Procedia Computer Science, vol. 139, pp. 448-455. ISSN 18770509. DOI 10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.253.
Ferdows, K. y De Meyer, A. (1990). Lasting improvements in manufacturing performance: In search of a new theory. Journal of Operations Management, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 168-184. ISSN 02726963. DOI 10.1016/0272-6963(90)90094-T.
Ferrarese, M., Loner, E. y Pulina, M. (2021). Demand, business profitability and competitiveness in the cableway system: A multidimensional framework. Research in Transportation Economics, pp. 2021. ISSN 07398859. DOI 10.1016/j.retrec.2021.101041.
Globocnik, D., Faullant, R. y Parastuty, Z. (2020). Bridging strategic planning and business model management – A formal control framework to manage business model portfolios and dynamics. European Management Journal [en línea], vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 231-243. ISSN 02632373. DOI 10.1016/j.emj.2019.08.005. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.08.005.
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Han, C. y Zhang, S. (2021). Multiple strategic orientations and strategic flexibility in product innovation. European Research on Management and Business Economics, vol. 27, no. 1. ISSN 24448834. DOI 10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.100136.
Hernández, Roberto, Baptista, P. (2014). Metodología de la investigación. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9781456223960.
Hernández, E. (2013). La Competitividad Industrial En México. . S.l.: s.n., pp. 1-14. Herz, H. (2018). Apuntes de contabilidad financiera: Tercera edición. S.l.: s.n.
Kuo (2017). Productivity and its factors: impact on organizational improvement. Dimensión
Empresarial, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 47-60. ISSN 1692-8563. DOI 10.15665/dem.v16i1.1897.
Lee, E.S. (2019). Improving a Firm’s Performance within a Strategic Shipping Alliance. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 213-219. ISSN 20925212. DOI 10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.12.008.
Lillis, B. y Sweeney, M. (2013). Managing the fit between the views of competitive strategy and the strategic role of service operations. European Management Journal [en línea], vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 564-590. ISSN 02632373. DOI 10.1016/j.emj.2012.10.001. Disponible en:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.10.001.
Nayak (2021). Explicating the role of emerging technologies and firm capabilities towards attainment of competitive advantage in health insurance service firms Author links open overlay panelBishwajitNayak Abstract.
Ojha, D., Patel, P.C. y Sridharan, S. V. (2020). Dynamic strategic planning and firm competitive performance: A conceptualization and an empirical test. International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 222, no. September, pp. 107509. ISSN 09255273. DOI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.09.030.
Okpala, Anozie y Mgbemena (2020). The optimization of overall equipment effectiveness factors in a pharmaceutical company. Heliyon, vol. 6, no. 4. ISSN 24058440. DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03796.
Paz, A. (2021). MTC instaló 25 puentes modulares en el curso del año. [en línea]. 2021. pp. 6. Disponible en: https://elperuano.pe/noticia/119235-mtc-instalo-25-puentes-modulares-en-lo- que-va-del-ano.
Pinto, T. y Falcão-Reis, F. (2019). Strategic participation in competitive electricity markets: Internal versus sectorial data analysis. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems [en línea], vol. 108, no. October 2017, pp. 432-444. ISSN 01420615. DOI 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.01.011. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.01.011.
Porter, M.E. (1982). Estrategia Competitiva: Técnicas para el análisis de los sectores industriales y de la competencia. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 978-968-26-1184-1.
Porter, M.E. (2010). Ventaja Competitiva - Creación y sostenibilidad de un rendimiento superior. 2010. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9789702402039.
POSADA, C. (2019). La metalmecánica es clave para el desarrollo. La Cámara [en línea], vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 23. Disponible en: DOIG: https://apps.camaralima.org.pe/repositorioaps/0/0/par/r874_3/comercio exterior.pdf .
Posch, A. y Garaus, C. (2020). Boon or curse? A contingent view on the relationship between strategic planning and organizational ambidexterity. Long Range Planning, vol. 53, no. 6. ISSN 18731872. DOI 10.1016/j.lrp.2019.03.004.
Ramos, M.C., Jara, H.E. y Rivasplata, J.G. (2017). Plan estrategico para mejorar la competitividad y eficiencia en cirko engineering por los años 2016-2019 [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. Disponible en: http://repositorio.usil.edu.pe/bitstream/USIL/3009/1/2017_Ramos_Plan-estrategico-para- mejorar-la-competitividad.pdf.
Rezaei, S. y Behnamian, J. (2021). Strategic supplier selection based on modified sandcone theory and alignment principle. Sustainable Production and Consumption [en línea], vol. 26, pp. 256- 274. ISSN 23525509. DOI 10.1016/j.spc.2020.10.013. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.10.013.
Rodríguez-Rivero, R., Ortiz-Marcos, I., Díaz-Barcos, V. y Lozano, S.A. (2020). Applying the strategic prospective approach to project management in a development project in Colombia. International Journal of Project Management, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 534-547. ISSN 02637863. DOI 10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.07.003.
Ruiz, J. (2015). Factores que inciden en la competitividad de la mypes de la región callao. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling [en línea], vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 135. ISSN 1098-6596. Disponible en: http://repositorio.unac.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/UNAC/1038/241.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Schwarz, J.O., Ram, C. y Rohrbeck, R. (2019). Combining scenario planning and business wargaming to better anticipate future competitive dynamics. Futures [en línea], vol. 105, pp. 133- 142. ISSN 00163287. DOI 10.1016/j.futures.2018.10.001. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.10.001.
Solano, K.R. (2018). Plan estratégico para mejorar el nivel competitivo de la empresa Factoría Santillán S.R.L en el año 2018 [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. Disponible en: https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/29958.
Strelkovskii, N., Komendantova, N., Sizov, S. y Rovenskaya, E. (2020). Building plausible futures : Scenario-based strategic planning of industrial development of Kyrgyzstan. Futures [en línea], vol. 124, no. October, pp. 102646. ISSN 0016-3287. DOI 10.1016/j.futures.2020.102646. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2020.102646.
Tanabe, M., De Angelo, C.F. y Alexander, N. (2004). The effectiveness of strategic planning: Competitiveness in the Brazilian supermarket sector. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 51-59. ISSN 09696989. DOI 10.1016/S0969-6989(02)00064-4.
Teixeira, G.F.G. y Canciglieri Junior, O. (2019). How to make strategic planning for corporate sustainability? Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 230, pp. 1421-1431. ISSN 09596526. DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.063.
Thompson, A. y Gamble, J. (2012). Administración Estratégica [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9786071507570. Disponible en: https://www.academia.edu/28414430/Administración_Estratégica_Thompson_18va.
Uzarski, D. y Broome, M.E. (2019). A Leadership Framework for Implementation of an Organization’s Strategic Plan. Journal of Professional Nursing [en línea], vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 12-17. ISSN 87557223. DOI 10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007.
Weston, M.J. (2020). Strategic Planning in an Age of Uncertainty: Creating Clarity in Uncertain Times. Nurse Leader [en línea], vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 54-58. ISSN 15414612. DOI 10.1016/j.mnl.2019.11.009. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2019.11.009
Amorós, J. y Dávila, K., (2017). La gestión empresarial y la competitividad de las clínicas en la ciudad de Cajamarca [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. Disponible en: http://repositorio.upagu.edu.pe/handle/UPAGU/393.
Baquerizo, D. y Guadalupe, W. (2020). Facultad De Ingeniería Y Arquitectura [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. Disponible en: https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12692/50737/Cusma_GM-SD.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
Barbosa, M., Castañeda -Ayarza, J.A. y Lombardo Ferreira, D.H. (2020). Sustainable Strategic Management (GES): Sustainability in small business. Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 258. ISSN 09596526. DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120880.
BCRP (2015). Sucursal Piura Lambayeque: Síntesis de Actividad Económica. [en línea], pp. 1-27. Disponible en: https://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Sucursales/Piura/2018/sintesis-lambayeque-01- 2018.pdf.
D’Alessio (2014). El proceso estratégico: Un enfoque de gerencia. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9789702612902.
Dang, V.L. y Yeo, G.T. (2017). A Competitive Strategic Position Analysis of Major Container Ports in Southeast Asia. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics [en línea], vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 19- 25. ISSN 20925212. DOI 10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.03.003. Disponible en:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2092521217300032.
David, F. (2017). Conceptos de administración estratégica [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9702604273. Disponible en: https://maliaoceano.files.wordpress.com/2017/03/libro-fred-david-9a-edicion- con-estrategica-fred-david.pdf.
Dombrowski, U Krenkel, P Wullbrandt, J. (2018). Strategic Positioning of Production within the Generic Competitive Strategies. Procedia CIRP, vol. 70, pp. 47-52. ISSN 22128271. DOI 10.1016/j.procir.2018.02.026.
Durán, C.A., Córdova, F.M. y Palominos, F. (2018). Method for improving critical strategic and operational success factors in a port system. Procedia Computer Science, vol. 139, pp. 448-455. ISSN 18770509. DOI 10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.253.
Ferdows, K. y De Meyer, A. (1990). Lasting improvements in manufacturing performance: In search of a new theory. Journal of Operations Management, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 168-184. ISSN 02726963. DOI 10.1016/0272-6963(90)90094-T.
Ferrarese, M., Loner, E. y Pulina, M. (2021). Demand, business profitability and competitiveness in the cableway system: A multidimensional framework. Research in Transportation Economics, pp. 2021. ISSN 07398859. DOI 10.1016/j.retrec.2021.101041.
Globocnik, D., Faullant, R. y Parastuty, Z. (2020). Bridging strategic planning and business model management – A formal control framework to manage business model portfolios and dynamics. European Management Journal [en línea], vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 231-243. ISSN 02632373. DOI 10.1016/j.emj.2019.08.005. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.08.005.
Guevara, E., Babonneau, F., Homem-de-Mello, T. y Moret, S. (2020). A machine learning and distributionally robust optimization framework for strategic energy planning under uncertainty. Applied Energy [en línea], vol. 271, no. April, pp. 115005. ISSN 03062619. DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115005. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115005.
Guillen Valle, O.R. y Valderrama Mendoza, S.R. (2015). Guía Para Elaborar La Tesis Universitaria Escuela De Posgrado. Ando Educando [en línea], pp. 150. Disponible en: https://www.academia.edu/37024919/GUÍA_PARA_ELABORAR_LA_TESIS_UNIVERSITARI A_ESCUELA_DE_POSGRADO.
Guilllen (2016). Guía de SPSS 22 para Elaboración de Trabajos de Investigación Científicos. [en línea], pp. 22. Disponible en: https://es.scribd.com/document/400887879/Guia-de-SPSS-22- para-elaboracion-de-trabajos-de-investigacion-cientifica-pdf.
Han, C. y Zhang, S. (2021). Multiple strategic orientations and strategic flexibility in product innovation. European Research on Management and Business Economics, vol. 27, no. 1. ISSN 24448834. DOI 10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.100136.
Hernández, Roberto, Baptista, P. (2014). Metodología de la investigación. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9781456223960.
Hernández, E. (2013). La Competitividad Industrial En México. . S.l.: s.n., pp. 1-14. Herz, H. (2018). Apuntes de contabilidad financiera: Tercera edición. S.l.: s.n.
Kuo (2017). Productivity and its factors: impact on organizational improvement. Dimensión
Empresarial, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 47-60. ISSN 1692-8563. DOI 10.15665/dem.v16i1.1897.
Lee, E.S. (2019). Improving a Firm’s Performance within a Strategic Shipping Alliance. Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 213-219. ISSN 20925212. DOI 10.1016/j.ajsl.2019.12.008.
Lillis, B. y Sweeney, M. (2013). Managing the fit between the views of competitive strategy and the strategic role of service operations. European Management Journal [en línea], vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 564-590. ISSN 02632373. DOI 10.1016/j.emj.2012.10.001. Disponible en:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2012.10.001.
Nayak (2021). Explicating the role of emerging technologies and firm capabilities towards attainment of competitive advantage in health insurance service firms Author links open overlay panelBishwajitNayak Abstract.
Ojha, D., Patel, P.C. y Sridharan, S. V. (2020). Dynamic strategic planning and firm competitive performance: A conceptualization and an empirical test. International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 222, no. September, pp. 107509. ISSN 09255273. DOI 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.09.030.
Okpala, Anozie y Mgbemena (2020). The optimization of overall equipment effectiveness factors in a pharmaceutical company. Heliyon, vol. 6, no. 4. ISSN 24058440. DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03796.
Paz, A. (2021). MTC instaló 25 puentes modulares en el curso del año. [en línea]. 2021. pp. 6. Disponible en: https://elperuano.pe/noticia/119235-mtc-instalo-25-puentes-modulares-en-lo- que-va-del-ano.
Pinto, T. y Falcão-Reis, F. (2019). Strategic participation in competitive electricity markets: Internal versus sectorial data analysis. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems [en línea], vol. 108, no. October 2017, pp. 432-444. ISSN 01420615. DOI 10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.01.011. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.01.011.
Porter, M.E. (1982). Estrategia Competitiva: Técnicas para el análisis de los sectores industriales y de la competencia. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 978-968-26-1184-1.
Porter, M.E. (2010). Ventaja Competitiva - Creación y sostenibilidad de un rendimiento superior. 2010. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9789702402039.
POSADA, C. (2019). La metalmecánica es clave para el desarrollo. La Cámara [en línea], vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 23. Disponible en: DOIG: https://apps.camaralima.org.pe/repositorioaps/0/0/par/r874_3/comercio exterior.pdf .
Posch, A. y Garaus, C. (2020). Boon or curse? A contingent view on the relationship between strategic planning and organizational ambidexterity. Long Range Planning, vol. 53, no. 6. ISSN 18731872. DOI 10.1016/j.lrp.2019.03.004.
Ramos, M.C., Jara, H.E. y Rivasplata, J.G. (2017). Plan estrategico para mejorar la competitividad y eficiencia en cirko engineering por los años 2016-2019 [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. Disponible en: http://repositorio.usil.edu.pe/bitstream/USIL/3009/1/2017_Ramos_Plan-estrategico-para- mejorar-la-competitividad.pdf.
Rezaei, S. y Behnamian, J. (2021). Strategic supplier selection based on modified sandcone theory and alignment principle. Sustainable Production and Consumption [en línea], vol. 26, pp. 256- 274. ISSN 23525509. DOI 10.1016/j.spc.2020.10.013. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.10.013.
Rodríguez-Rivero, R., Ortiz-Marcos, I., Díaz-Barcos, V. y Lozano, S.A. (2020). Applying the strategic prospective approach to project management in a development project in Colombia. International Journal of Project Management, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 534-547. ISSN 02637863. DOI 10.1016/j.ijproman.2020.07.003.
Ruiz, J. (2015). Factores que inciden en la competitividad de la mypes de la región callao. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling [en línea], vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 135. ISSN 1098-6596. Disponible en: http://repositorio.unac.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/UNAC/1038/241.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Schwarz, J.O., Ram, C. y Rohrbeck, R. (2019). Combining scenario planning and business wargaming to better anticipate future competitive dynamics. Futures [en línea], vol. 105, pp. 133- 142. ISSN 00163287. DOI 10.1016/j.futures.2018.10.001. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.10.001.
Solano, K.R. (2018). Plan estratégico para mejorar el nivel competitivo de la empresa Factoría Santillán S.R.L en el año 2018 [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. Disponible en: https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/29958.
Strelkovskii, N., Komendantova, N., Sizov, S. y Rovenskaya, E. (2020). Building plausible futures : Scenario-based strategic planning of industrial development of Kyrgyzstan. Futures [en línea], vol. 124, no. October, pp. 102646. ISSN 0016-3287. DOI 10.1016/j.futures.2020.102646. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2020.102646.
Tanabe, M., De Angelo, C.F. y Alexander, N. (2004). The effectiveness of strategic planning: Competitiveness in the Brazilian supermarket sector. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 51-59. ISSN 09696989. DOI 10.1016/S0969-6989(02)00064-4.
Teixeira, G.F.G. y Canciglieri Junior, O. (2019). How to make strategic planning for corporate sustainability? Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 230, pp. 1421-1431. ISSN 09596526. DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.063.
Thompson, A. y Gamble, J. (2012). Administración Estratégica [en línea]. S.l.: s.n. ISBN 9786071507570. Disponible en: https://www.academia.edu/28414430/Administración_Estratégica_Thompson_18va.
Uzarski, D. y Broome, M.E. (2019). A Leadership Framework for Implementation of an Organization’s Strategic Plan. Journal of Professional Nursing [en línea], vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 12-17. ISSN 87557223. DOI 10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2018.09.007.
Weston, M.J. (2020). Strategic Planning in an Age of Uncertainty: Creating Clarity in Uncertain Times. Nurse Leader [en línea], vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 54-58. ISSN 15414612. DOI 10.1016/j.mnl.2019.11.009. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2019.11.009
Published
2022-09-06
How to Cite
Caicedo Déggola, J. A., Maxe Malca, M. R., Flores Anchundia, L. I., Agreda Cerna, H. W., & Aquino Trujillo, J. Y. (2022). Strategic planning of a metal-mechanical industry. Journal of the University of Zulia , 13(38), 397-429. https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.38.24
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