Prospects of Transformation of the Institution of Constitutional Justice in the Course of Armed Conflicts
Perspectivas de Transformación de la Institución de Justicia Constitucional en el Curso de los Conflictos Armados
Keywords:
constitutional demand, Venice Commission, martial law, social protection, military provocations
Abstract
The objective of the article was to consider the current state and prospects of the transformation of the institution of constitutional justice in the course of armed conflicts. Observational and comparative methods were the main methodological tools. The research showed that constitutional courts must apply a specific method of judicial constitutional control during armed conflicts. Most of the complaints and appeals of the population to the constitutional courts seek clarifications on the constitutionality of the rules on social guarantees of the military, the rights of refugees. Constitutional interpretation of legislative provisions of the Republic of Azerbaijan, consideration of complaints of constitutional courts of Germany and Ukraine are examples of countries’ reactions to armed conflicts. The conclusions confirm the need to transform the institution of constitutional justice, which becomes the main defender of the constitutional system and its principles during armed conflicts. In this vein, it is urged to increase the rate of scientific capital in the judiciary to improve the process of reform of the Constitutional Court in these difficult conditions experienced by Ukraine.
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References
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DINOKOPILA, Bonolo Ramadi; KGOBOGE, Bonno. 2021. “Customary Law and Limitations to Constitutional Rights in Botswana” In: Nordic Journal of Human Rights. Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 339-357.
GUTMANN, Jerg; VOIGT, Stefan. 2021. “Militant constitutionalism: a promising concept to make constitutional backsliding less likely?” Public Choice. Available online. In: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/ s11127-021-00874-1. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
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KŁOPOCKA-JASIŃSKA, Мarta. 2022. “Editorial of the dossier “The role of constitutional courts in shaping procedural fairness in criminal cases” – Constitutionalisation of the right to a fair criminal trial as a process inspired by constitutional courts” In: Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal. Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 13-46.
KOBALIA, Shota. 2018. “Comparative Analysis of Centralized and Decentralized Models of Constitutional Review: An analysis of Modern Constitution Studies” In: Journal of Constitutional Law. Vol. 2, pp. 91-100.
KONCA, Paulina. 2021. “Creating law of interpretation: a risky or fundamental step?” Revus, Vol. 45. Available online. In: https://journals.openedition. org/revus/7500. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN. 2003. No. 561-IIQ On the Constitutional Court (asamendedandsupplementedasofJune29,2022). Available online. In: https://continent-online.com/Document/?doc_ id=30597407#pos=0;46. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
LEGISLACIÓN CONSOLIDADA. 1979. Organic Law 2/1979, of October 3, of the Constitutional Court (Ley Orgánica 2/1979, de 3 de octubre, del Tribunal Constitucional). Available online. In: https://www.boe.es/buscar/act. php?id=BOE-A-1979-23709. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
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PANFILOVA, Daria. 2022. Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Social and Legal Protection of Servicemen and Members of Their Families” regarding the appointment and payment of one-time cash benefits. UNBA Higher School of Advocacy. Available online. In: https://www.hsa.org. ua/blog/zminy-do-zakonu-ukrayiny-pro-sotsialnyj-i-pravovyj-zahyst- vijskovosluzhbovtsiv-ta-chleniv-yih-simej-shhodo-pryznachennya- i-vyplaty-odnorazovoyi-groshovoyi-dopomogy/. Consultation date: 25/09/2022.
PETRIV, Ivan. 2020. “Improvement of the state mechanism of protection of human rights and citizens through the activity of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine” In: Scientific Papers of the Legislation Institute of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Vol. 3, pp. 128-135.
PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE. 2021. Decree of the President of Ukraine dated June 11, 2021 No. 231/2021 On the Strategy for the Development of the Justice System and Constitutional Judiciary for 2021-2023. Available online. In: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/2312021-39137. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
PRYTYKA, Yuriy; IZAROVA, Iryna; MALIARCHUK, Liubov; TEREKH, Olena. 2022. “Legal Challenges for Ukraine under Martial Law: Protection of Civil, Property and Labour Rights, Right to a Fair Trial, and Enforcement of Decisions” In: Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. Vol. 3, No. 15, pp. 219-238.
RABINOVYCH, Serhii. 2021. “Is it possible to depoliticize the constitutional justice of Ukraine?” In: Ideology and Politics Journal. Vol. 2, No. 18. Available online. In: https://www.ideopol.org/wp-content/ uploads/2021/11/10.-ENG.-Rabinovych-final.pdf. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
REPETTO, Giorgio. 2022. “The Venice Commission and the Construction of European Constitutional Law” In: The Italian Review of International and Comparative Law. Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 463-470.
SLINKO, Tetiana; LETNIANCHYN, Liobymyr; BAIRACHNA, Larisa; TKACHENKO, Yevhenii. 2022. “The Rule of Law in the Legal Positions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine” In: Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. Vol. 1, No. 13, pp. 165-177.
VERFASSUNGSGERICHTSHOFGESETZ. 1953. Constitutional Court Act. VfGG (Verfassungsgerichtshofgesetz 1953 – VfGG). StF: BGBl. Nr. 85/1953 (WV). Available online. In: https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Erv/ERV_1953_85/ERV_1953_85.pdf. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1996. Constitution of Ukraine. Adopted at the fifth session of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on June 28, 1996. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2017. Law of Ukraine dated July 13, 2017, No. 2136-VIII On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2136-19#Text. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2019. Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine dated June 20, 2019 No. 6-р/2019 in the case based on the constitutional submission of 62 People’s Deputies of Ukraine regarding the compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of the Decree of the President of Ukraine “On the early termination of the powers of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the appointment of extraordinary elections”. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov. ua/laws/show/v006p710-19#Text. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. Law of Ukraine dated July 29, 2022, No. 2489-IX On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Social and Legal Protection of Servicemen and Members of Their Families” regarding the appointment and payment of one-time cash benefits. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2489-20#Text. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. Separate opinion (concurring opinion) of the judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine Lemak V. V. dated 06.04.2022 No. na01d710-22 regarding the Decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine (Second Senate) in the case of the constitutional complaint of S. O. Polishchuk. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/na01d710-22#Text. Consultation date: 22/07/2022.
Published
2022-12-15
How to Cite
Shemchuk, V., Khmaruk, T., Stohova , O., Shamruk, N., & Karmazina, C. (2022). Prospects of Transformation of the Institution of Constitutional Justice in the Course of Armed Conflicts: Perspectivas de Transformación de la Institución de Justicia Constitucional en el Curso de los Conflictos Armados. Political Questions, 40(75), 405-430. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4075.26
Section
Derecho Público
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