Features of the functioning of the institute of criminal offenses in Ukraine

Características del funcionamiento del instituto de delitos penales en Ucrania

• Roman Lemekha Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Lviv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3391-4143
• Volodymyr Rubtsov Lviv branch of the European University, Lviv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7864-0065
• Natalya Orlovska Odessa National Maritime University, Odessa, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4400-560X
• Volodymyr Kantsir Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3689-4697
• Humin Oleksii Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8016-945X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4072.13

Keywords: criminal offense, release from punishment, pre-trial investigation, inquiry

Abstract

It analyses the provisions of criminal and procedural legislation on the establishment of criminal offences, as well as the practice of their application. The application of a set of general methods and special scientific knowledge made it possible to formulate some proposals for: (1) determination of criminal liability for misdemeanours and increased penalties in the form of a fine for the commission of certain offences; 2) regulation in the Law of Ukraine to the international standard; (3) introduction by the National Police of the specialization of investigators with a clear reflection of jurisdiction in criminal procedure legislation; 4) addition of the Code of Criminal Procedure with provisions on the adoption of the relevant procedural decision by the investigating judge, in case the composition of the crime is not established and; 5) identification of the forensic doctor as the subject of the search, as well as a request for confiscation of property. It is concluded that the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine must identify the coroner together with the investigator and the prosecutor as the object of the search, as well as, if necessary, request the seizure of property, mainly to temporarily seize the property during the detention of a person.

References

A NEW STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE. 2018. (before the first anniversary of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Simplification of Pre-trial Investigation of Certain Categories of Criminal Offenses”, № 2617-VIII). Available online. In: http://www.golos.com.ua/
article/348408. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

AULIN, Oleg. 2020. Institute of Criminal Offenses in Ukraine. Public opinion on lawmaking. Issue № 9 (194). PP. 26–28. Available online. In: http://nbuviap.gov.ua/images/dumka/2020/9.pdf. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

BOZHIK, Valery. 2020. Ensuring the rights of the individual during the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of the candidate of legal sciences on a specialty 12.00.09
- criminal trial and criminology; forensic examination; operational and investigative activities. “Interregional Academy of Personnel Management”. Kiev, Ukraine.

CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE. 2001. № 2341 – III. Available online. In: http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE OF UKRAINE: Law of Ukraine. 2012. № 4651–VI. Available online. In: http: //zakon3.radakors.gov.ua/ laws/show/4651–17/print1458049476321499. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

DEMIDOVA, Lyudmila, 2018. Criminal misdemeanor as a criminal procedural novel and criminal legal problem. Criminal Procedure Code of 2012: ideology and practice of law enforcement: a collective monograph. In: Helvetica Publishing House. Odessa, Ukraine.

DUDOROV, Olexandr. 2013. “The concept of crime. Classification of crimes” In: Bulletin of the Association of Criminal Law of Ukraine. Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 84-101.

FRIS, Pavlo. 2012. The issue of introducing the institute of criminal guilt. In: The main directions of development of criminal law and ways to improve the legislation of Ukraine on criminal liability: materials of the international scientific-practical conference. P. 186.

KRAPIVIN, Evgen. 2021. Assessment of the introduction of criminal offenses in Ukraine Prepared in the framework of the project of the Council of Europe “Observance of human rights in the system of criminal justice of Ukraine”. Kyiv, Ukraine.

KRASNYTSKY, Ivan; HORPYNYUK, Oksana. 2019. Introduction of criminal offenses: analysis of changes to the legislation. In: Criminal and criminal procedural legislation in the context of criminal justice reform: materials of a scientific-practical seminar. Lviv State University of Internal Affairs. Lviv, Ukraine.

LEGAL REGULATION OF THE INSTITUTION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSE. Information reference prepared by the European Information and Research Center at the request of the Committee of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: http: // euіnfocenter. rada.gov.ua/ documents/Request/73003.html. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

LETTER OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE №731 / 49 / 1-2020. 2020. In response to the letter of the Office of the Council of Europe №8665 / 2020/19/1 dated November 19, 2020.

MYKHAYLICHENKO, Tatiana. 2020. “Criminal offenses: features of legal regulation” In: Entrepreneurship, economy and law. 7/2020. PP. 284- 290.

NÚÑEZ GRIJALVA, Jorge. 2021. “Valores jurídicos en la Regulación Penal de la Competencia Desleal en Ecuador” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 39, No. 69, pp. 21-41.

ON AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE. 2019. (on the strategic course of the state to gain full membership of Ukraine in the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization): Law of Ukraine of February 7, 2019 № 2680-VIII / Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2680-19. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

OSTAPCHUK, Lyudmila; KLOCHAY, Daria. 2020. Criminal and legal consequences of committing criminal offenses. National Legal Journal: Theory and Practice. National law journal: theory and practice. Issue № 1. PP. 118–122.

REGULATIONS ON THE ORGANIZATION OF ACTIVITIES OF UNDERSTANDING UNIT SOF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE. 2020. Approved by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine on May 20, 2020, by Order № 405 / registered in the Ministry34 of 20203434.

VOZNYUK, Andrii; ALEKSEYEVA-PROTSYUK, Diana. 2020. Criminal misdemeanors: topical issues of making changes and additions to the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Available online. In: http: // naiau.kiev.ua. Consultation date: 22/10/2021.

ZINCHENKO, Iryna. 2019. On the issue of improving the concept of repetition of criminal offenses in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine. In: Conceptual principles of the new edition of the Criminal Code of Ukraine: materials of the international scientific conference. Law. Kharkiv, Ukraine.