Distance Protection Algorithm Based Differential Equation

• William José Osal Herrera Universidad Nacional Experimental Politécnica “Antonio José de Sucre” Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica
• Miguel García Gracia Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica

Abstract

The algorithm of the distance protection based on the differential equation determines the location of a fault in function of the values of the resistance and reactance line that exist in the moment of its occurrence. This algorithm has been tested by investigators with equivalent PI line, being the models line of distributed parameters the most adjusted to the reality. In order to determine the precision of the algorithm in function of the model line considered is carried out the present investigation. The equivalent PI line and models line of distributed parameters is considered. Additionally, the use of digital filters is evaluated. The methodology consists on the simulation of the system of power in the program EMTDC/PSCAD and of the algorithm in the MATLAB to determine its precision and performance limits. A line of transmission of 765 kV is simulated and the results are obtained for single-phase, two-phase and three-phase faults to 10, 50 and 90% of the total longitude of the line. The need of considering an appropriate model of line is demonstrated, and therefore its performance limits, and the improvements that introduce the use of filters