Liderazgo transformacional -transaccional y su relación con variables de resultado
Palabras clave:
liderazgo transformacional;, autoevaluaciones centrales, esfuerzo extra, satisfacción
Resumen
El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar es la relación existente entre el liderazgo transformacional y transaccional de directivos del nivel jerárquico medio de las empresas agroindustriales de la caña de azúcar en la zona costanera de la provincia del Cañar en Ecuador, con las variables de resultado: autoevaluaciones centrales, satisfacción, esfuerzo extra y efectividad, desde la percepción de los seguidores. Se aplicó los cuestionarios de Multifactor Leadership Questionaire (MLQ) para liderazgo y variables de resultado, satisfacción, esfuerzo extra y efectividad y Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES) para la variable autoevaluaciones central. La muestra estuvo compuesta por directivos y seguidores, cuyo análisis estadístico se basó en el uso de ecuaciones estructurales para determinar las relaciones entre las distintas variables. Los hallazgos muestran que el liderazgo transformacional tiene una relación directa significativa con las variables de resultado con mayor grado de impacto en las variables satisfacción, esfuerzo extra y efectividad. Se concluye que la cualidad transformacional del liderazgo es cada vez más importante para las empresas agroindustriales, las cuales enfrentan presiones de productividad crecientes dada las disminuciones de los rendimientos de los cultivos debido al cambio climático.
Citas
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Bass, B. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. The Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1997). Transactional versus transformational leadership:an analysis of the MLQ. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology.
Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ Leader, 5(1), 3-5. https://doi.org/10.1136/leader-2020-000296
Burns, J. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides, Modern methodos for business research (pp. 295-336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publisher.
Falk, R. F. & Miller, N. B. (1992). A Primer for Soft Modeling. The University of Akron.
Flores-Pérez, J. J., & Gutiérrez, C. A. (2023). Entrepreneurial leadership and creative process engagement. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 28(9), 299 - 314. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.28.e9.19
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. JMR, Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
García-Morales, V., Lloréns-Montes, F. J., & Verdú-Jover, A. J. (2008). The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Performance through knowledge and Innovation. British Journal of Management, 9, 299-319.
Revista Líderes (25 de mayo de 2017) Retener y atraer al talento humano, el reto de siempre. https://www.revistalideres.ec/lideres/retener-atraer-talentohumano-reto-empresas.html.
Hersey, P y Blanchard, K. (1984). Estilo eficaz de dirigir: Liderazgo situacional. IDH.
Holstad, T. J., Korek, S., Rigotti, T., & Mohr, G. (2014). The relation between transformational leadership and follower emotional strain: The moderating role of professional ambition. Leadership (London), 10(3), 269–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715013476083
Hussain, M. K., & Khayat, R. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment Among Hospital Staff: A Systematic Review. Journal of Health Management, 23(4), 614-630. doi:10.1177/09720634211050463
James, E. H., Wooten, L. P. & Dushek, K. (2011). Crisis management: Informing a new leadership research agenda. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 455-493. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2011.589594
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Judge, T., & Bono, J. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem,. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 80-92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.80
Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The Core Self-Evaluations Scale: Development of a measure. Personnel Psychology, 56(2), 303–331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00152.x
Judge, T., Locke, E., & Durham, C. (1997). The dispositional causes of job satisfaction. Research in Organizational Behavior, 56(2), 151-188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00152.x
Judge, T., Van Vianen, A., & De Pater, I. (2004). Emotional Stability, Core Self-Evaluations, and Job Outcomes: A Review of the Evidence and an Agenda for Future Research. Human Performance, 17(3), 325-346.
Koontz, H., & O’Donnel, C. (1959). Principles of Management. McGraw Hill.
Li, V., Mitchell, R., & Boyle, B. (2016). The Divergent Effectsof Transformational Leadership on Individual and Team Innovation. Group & Organization Management, 41(1), 66-97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601115573792
Lussier, R. N., y Achua, C. F. (2002). Liderazgo. Teoria, aplicacion y desarrollo de habilidades. Thomson Learning.
Mathew, M., & Gupta, K. (2015). Transformational Leadership: Emotional Intelligence. SCMS Journal of Indian Management, XII(4), 75-89.
Mendoza, I. A. (2014). Liderazgo y su Relación con Variables De Resultado: un Modelo Estructural. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 4(1), 1412 - 1429. http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2007-48322014000100008&lng=es&nrm=iso
Minseo , K., & Terry, A. B. (2019). Job crafting mediates how empowering leadership and employees’ core self-evaluations predict favourable and unfavourable outcomes,. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 29(1), 126-139 https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2019.1697237
Muñoz-Chávez, J. P., Valle-Cruz, D., Barrios-Quiroz, H. y García-Contreras, R. (2022). Hacia el liderazgo transformacional en la educación superior: competencias para responder a la crisis del COVID-19. Ciencia y Sociedad, 47(2), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.22206/cys.2022.v47i2.pp21-40
Novitasari, D., & Goestjahjanti, F. S. (2020). The Role of Readiness to Change between Transformational Leadership and Performance: Evidence from a Hospital during Covid-19 Pandemic. APMBA (Asia Pacific Management and Business Application), 9(1), 37-56. https://apmba.ub.ac.id/index.php/apmba/article/view/378
Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ Impact on Organizational Change: Bridging Theoretical and Methodological Chasms. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0138
Paschoiotto, W. P., de Almeida Cunha, C. J., & da Silva, S. M. (2024). Leadership in the collaborative innovation process in the public sector: an integrative review. Revista de Administracao Publica, 58(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220230037x
Paton, M., Zakeri, B., Rowland, P., Tavares, W., Williams, B. W., Schneeweiss, S., & Wiljer, D. (2023). Decision making in continuing professional development organisations during a crisis. Medical Education, 58(6), 722-729. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.15265
Patterson, P. B., Roddick, J., Pollack, C. A., & Dutton, D. J. (2022). Virtual care and the influence of a pandemic: Necessary policy shifts to drive digital innovation in healthcare. Healthcare Management Forum, 35(5), 272-278. https://doi.org/10.1177/08404704221110084
Pesantez, W. G. (2015). XX Congreso Internacional de Contaduría, Administración e Informática. http://congreso.investiga.fca.unam.mx/docs/xx/docs/3.07.pdf
Pesantez, W. G. (2017). El Liderazgo Transformacional - Transaccional y su impacto en las Autoevaluaciones Centrales del trabajador, en el sector agroindustrial de la caña de azúcar en la zona costanera de la provincia del Cañar, Ecuador. [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Mexico: Tesis de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Administración]. http://tesis.unam.mx/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000758143&noSistema¤t_base=TES01
Pinto, V. R., Zouain, D. M., Duarte, A. L., & de Souza, L. V. (2019). Evaluating the influence of school principals’ transformational leadership on student performance: Analysis of microdata from Prova Brasil. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 27, 102. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.27.4267
Putra, R. A., Indrayani, I., & Satriawan, B. (2022). The influence of transformational leadership, work culture and motivation on performance through job satisfaction in employees of east tanjungpinang district, tanjungpinang city. International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET), 1(12). https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/3147142
Robbins, S., y Judge, T. (2013). Comportamiento Organizacional. Pearson.
Segovia, A. (2014). El liderazgo, la compensación variable, el empowerment psicológico y su impacto en la efectividad del empleado: un enfoque de modelación mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Universidad Autónoma de Nueva León.
Stempel, C. R., Rigotti, T., & Mohr, G. (2015). Think transformational leadership – Think female? Leadership, 11, 259-280. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715015590468
Sürücü, L., Maslakçi, A., & Sesen, H. (2022). Transformational leadership, job performance, self-efficacy, and leader support: testing a moderated mediation model. Baltic Journal of Management, 17(4), 467-483. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-08-2021-0306
Talib, N. Z., Ramli, N. B., Hussin, Z. B., Jamaluddin, S. B. & Saputra, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and teacher’s performance: the mediating role of motivation and commitment. Opcion, 35(21), 306 - 322. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/opcion/article/view/24700
Tannenbaum, R., Weschler, I., & Massarik, F. (1959). Leadership and Organization: A Behawioral Science Approach. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
Vega, A. (2008). El Liderazgo, como moderador de la relacion entre la disposicion del trabajador y su desempeño. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.
Wang, G., Saher, L., Hao, T., Ali, A., & Amin, M. W. (2024). Unlocking employee innovative behavior: the role of humble leadership, core self-evaluation, and leader-member exchange. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01668-y
Yang, M., Evans, J. M., Singer, S. J., Gutberg, J., Porter, T. H., & Grudniewicz, A. (2024). Crisis leadership behaviors in healthcare: survey validation and influence on staff outcomes in primary care clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-11061-
Alwali, J., & Alwali, W. (2022). The relationship between emotional intelligence, transformational leadership, and performance: A test of the mediating role of job satisfaction. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 43(6), 928-952. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-10-2021-0486
Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2002). Developing Potential Across a Full Range of Leadership TM: Cases on Transactional and Transformational Leadership. Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.
Bass, B. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. The Free Press.
Bass, B. M. (1997). Transactional versus transformational leadership:an analysis of the MLQ. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology.
Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ Leader, 5(1), 3-5. https://doi.org/10.1136/leader-2020-000296
Burns, J. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides, Modern methodos for business research (pp. 295-336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publisher.
Falk, R. F. & Miller, N. B. (1992). A Primer for Soft Modeling. The University of Akron.
Flores-Pérez, J. J., & Gutiérrez, C. A. (2023). Entrepreneurial leadership and creative process engagement. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 28(9), 299 - 314. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.28.e9.19
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. JMR, Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
García-Morales, V., Lloréns-Montes, F. J., & Verdú-Jover, A. J. (2008). The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Performance through knowledge and Innovation. British Journal of Management, 9, 299-319.
Revista Líderes (25 de mayo de 2017) Retener y atraer al talento humano, el reto de siempre. https://www.revistalideres.ec/lideres/retener-atraer-talentohumano-reto-empresas.html.
Hersey, P y Blanchard, K. (1984). Estilo eficaz de dirigir: Liderazgo situacional. IDH.
Holstad, T. J., Korek, S., Rigotti, T., & Mohr, G. (2014). The relation between transformational leadership and follower emotional strain: The moderating role of professional ambition. Leadership (London), 10(3), 269–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715013476083
Hussain, M. K., & Khayat, R. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction and Organisational Commitment Among Hospital Staff: A Systematic Review. Journal of Health Management, 23(4), 614-630. doi:10.1177/09720634211050463
James, E. H., Wooten, L. P. & Dushek, K. (2011). Crisis management: Informing a new leadership research agenda. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 455-493. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2011.589594
Joo, B. K., Yoon, H. J. & Chang-Wook, J (2012). The effects of core self-evaluations and transformational leadership on organizational commitment. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 33(6), 564 - 58. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731211253028
Judge, T., & Bono, J. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem,. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 80-92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.80
Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., & Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The Core Self-Evaluations Scale: Development of a measure. Personnel Psychology, 56(2), 303–331. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00152.x
Judge, T., Locke, E., & Durham, C. (1997). The dispositional causes of job satisfaction. Research in Organizational Behavior, 56(2), 151-188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2003.tb00152.x
Judge, T., Van Vianen, A., & De Pater, I. (2004). Emotional Stability, Core Self-Evaluations, and Job Outcomes: A Review of the Evidence and an Agenda for Future Research. Human Performance, 17(3), 325-346.
Koontz, H., & O’Donnel, C. (1959). Principles of Management. McGraw Hill.
Li, V., Mitchell, R., & Boyle, B. (2016). The Divergent Effectsof Transformational Leadership on Individual and Team Innovation. Group & Organization Management, 41(1), 66-97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601115573792
Lussier, R. N., y Achua, C. F. (2002). Liderazgo. Teoria, aplicacion y desarrollo de habilidades. Thomson Learning.
Mathew, M., & Gupta, K. (2015). Transformational Leadership: Emotional Intelligence. SCMS Journal of Indian Management, XII(4), 75-89.
Mendoza, I. A. (2014). Liderazgo y su Relación con Variables De Resultado: un Modelo Estructural. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 4(1), 1412 - 1429. http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2007-48322014000100008&lng=es&nrm=iso
Minseo , K., & Terry, A. B. (2019). Job crafting mediates how empowering leadership and employees’ core self-evaluations predict favourable and unfavourable outcomes,. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 29(1), 126-139 https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2019.1697237
Muñoz-Chávez, J. P., Valle-Cruz, D., Barrios-Quiroz, H. y García-Contreras, R. (2022). Hacia el liderazgo transformacional en la educación superior: competencias para responder a la crisis del COVID-19. Ciencia y Sociedad, 47(2), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.22206/cys.2022.v47i2.pp21-40
Novitasari, D., & Goestjahjanti, F. S. (2020). The Role of Readiness to Change between Transformational Leadership and Performance: Evidence from a Hospital during Covid-19 Pandemic. APMBA (Asia Pacific Management and Business Application), 9(1), 37-56. https://apmba.ub.ac.id/index.php/apmba/article/view/378
Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ Impact on Organizational Change: Bridging Theoretical and Methodological Chasms. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0138
Paschoiotto, W. P., de Almeida Cunha, C. J., & da Silva, S. M. (2024). Leadership in the collaborative innovation process in the public sector: an integrative review. Revista de Administracao Publica, 58(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220230037x
Paton, M., Zakeri, B., Rowland, P., Tavares, W., Williams, B. W., Schneeweiss, S., & Wiljer, D. (2023). Decision making in continuing professional development organisations during a crisis. Medical Education, 58(6), 722-729. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.15265
Patterson, P. B., Roddick, J., Pollack, C. A., & Dutton, D. J. (2022). Virtual care and the influence of a pandemic: Necessary policy shifts to drive digital innovation in healthcare. Healthcare Management Forum, 35(5), 272-278. https://doi.org/10.1177/08404704221110084
Pesantez, W. G. (2015). XX Congreso Internacional de Contaduría, Administración e Informática. http://congreso.investiga.fca.unam.mx/docs/xx/docs/3.07.pdf
Pesantez, W. G. (2017). El Liderazgo Transformacional - Transaccional y su impacto en las Autoevaluaciones Centrales del trabajador, en el sector agroindustrial de la caña de azúcar en la zona costanera de la provincia del Cañar, Ecuador. [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Mexico: Tesis de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Administración]. http://tesis.unam.mx/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000758143&noSistema¤t_base=TES01
Pinto, V. R., Zouain, D. M., Duarte, A. L., & de Souza, L. V. (2019). Evaluating the influence of school principals’ transformational leadership on student performance: Analysis of microdata from Prova Brasil. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 27, 102. https://doi.org/10.14507/epaa.27.4267
Putra, R. A., Indrayani, I., & Satriawan, B. (2022). The influence of transformational leadership, work culture and motivation on performance through job satisfaction in employees of east tanjungpinang district, tanjungpinang city. International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET), 1(12). https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/3147142
Robbins, S., y Judge, T. (2013). Comportamiento Organizacional. Pearson.
Segovia, A. (2014). El liderazgo, la compensación variable, el empowerment psicológico y su impacto en la efectividad del empleado: un enfoque de modelación mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Universidad Autónoma de Nueva León.
Stempel, C. R., Rigotti, T., & Mohr, G. (2015). Think transformational leadership – Think female? Leadership, 11, 259-280. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715015590468
Sürücü, L., Maslakçi, A., & Sesen, H. (2022). Transformational leadership, job performance, self-efficacy, and leader support: testing a moderated mediation model. Baltic Journal of Management, 17(4), 467-483. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-08-2021-0306
Talib, N. Z., Ramli, N. B., Hussin, Z. B., Jamaluddin, S. B. & Saputra, J. (2019). Transformational leadership and teacher’s performance: the mediating role of motivation and commitment. Opcion, 35(21), 306 - 322. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/opcion/article/view/24700
Tannenbaum, R., Weschler, I., & Massarik, F. (1959). Leadership and Organization: A Behawioral Science Approach. Mc Graw-Hill Book Company.
Vega, A. (2008). El Liderazgo, como moderador de la relacion entre la disposicion del trabajador y su desempeño. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.
Wang, G., Saher, L., Hao, T., Ali, A., & Amin, M. W. (2024). Unlocking employee innovative behavior: the role of humble leadership, core self-evaluation, and leader-member exchange. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01668-y
Yang, M., Evans, J. M., Singer, S. J., Gutberg, J., Porter, T. H., & Grudniewicz, A. (2024). Crisis leadership behaviors in healthcare: survey validation and influence on staff outcomes in primary care clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-024-11061-
Publicado
2024-07-15
Cómo citar
Pesantez Molina, W. G., Quinteros Cortázar, M. P., & Pesantez León, D. G. (2024). Liderazgo transformacional -transaccional y su relación con variables de resultado. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 29(11), 554-573. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.29.e11.33
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