Implementation of an effective system for monitoring the application of gender equality policy: Experience from European Union countries
Implementación de un sistema efectivo para el monitoreo de la aplicación de la política de igualdad de género: Experiencia de los países de la Unión europea
Keywords:
gender policy, discrimination, control system, equal rights, stereotypes
Abstract
The European Union has been pursuing the policy aimed at achieving equality between women and men for a long time. The adoption of the Law “On Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men” is an important step forward. However, the aspects of the control of compliance with the legislation in the field of gender policy remain poorly advanced and need to be adapted following the experience of developed European countries. The aim of this article was to outline the legislative mechanism for ensuring equal rights and opportunities for women and men, and to compare it with European legislative experience and practice. During the research, the methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction and comparative analysis were used. As a result of the research, the mechanism for ensuring equal rights and opportunities in Ukraine was determined; the bodies, institutions and organizations empowered in the specified area were described along with the main aspects of gender equality legislation in Ukraine. It is concluded that government officials can use the results obtained during the research to improve some legislative aspects of control over gender policy implementation.
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References
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LEMPESI, Georgia Eleni. 2019. “European policies on gender equality and their connection. Gender mainstreaming in Greek educational policies: An overview of policy texts” In: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. Vol. 9, No. 7, pp. 39-48.
LIGA 360. 2000. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Available online. In: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/MU00303. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
LOMAZZI, Vera; CRESPI, Isabella. 2019. “Gender mainstreaming in Europe: legislation and cultural changes” In: Gender Mainstreaming and Gender Equality in Europe, pp. 31-46. Policy Press. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.51952/9781447317722.ch002. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
LOMAZZI, Vera; CRESPI, Isabella. 2019a. Gender mainstreaming and gender equality in Europe: Policies, culture and public opinion. Policy Press. Available online. In: https://books.google.com.ua/books?hl=uk&lr=&id=Fwq1DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=gender+mainstreaming+in+eu&ots=DRLE899lWS&sig=BgHCu5VZjt gQ6b3-CqQZPDWClx8&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=gender%20 mainstreaming%20in%20eu&f=false. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
MANLOSA, Aisa; SCHULTNER, Jannik; DORRESTEIJN, Ine; FISCHER, Joern. 2019. “Leverage points for improving gender equality and human well-being in a smallholder farming context” In: Sustainability Science. Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 529-541.
MINTO, Rachel; MERGAERT, Lut; BUSTELO María. 2020. “Policy evaluation and gender mainstreaming in the European Union: The perfect (mis) match?” In: European Journal of Politics and Gender. Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 277-294.
PROKOPENKO, Olha; KURBATOVA, Tetiana; KHALILOVA, Marina; ZERKAL, Anastasiia; PRAUSE, Gunnar; BINDA, Jacek; BERDIYOROV, Temur; KLAPKIV, Yuriy; SANETRA-PÓŁGRABI, Sabina; KOMARNITSKYI, Igor. 2023. “Impact of investments and R&D costs in renewable energy technologies on companies’ profitability indicators: Assessment and forecast” In: Energies. Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 23-43.
ROOS, Mechthild. 2021. “Emancipating Europe: The European Parliament’s Involvement in Community Equality Policy” In: The Parliamentary Roots of European Social Policy. Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. Cham.
ROSA, Rodrigo; DREW, Eileen; CANAVAN, Siobhán. 2020. “An overview of gender inequality in EU universities” In: The Gender-Sensitive University, pp. 1-15. Available online. In: https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/39923/9780367431174_text. pdf?sequence=1#page=19. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SAIENKO, Oleksandr. 2020. Constitutional and legal support for the implementation of the principle of gender equality in Ukraine in the light of foreign experience. Diss. for obtaining the degree of candidate of juridical sciences. National Aviation University. Available online. In: https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/44377. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SCHULSTOK, Torild; WIKSTRAND, Frida. 2020. “Gender equality and career guidance in a Nordic context” In: Career and career guidance in the Nordic countries, pp. 51-64. Brill. Available online. In: https://library. oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/53802/9789004428096. pdf?sequence=1#page=66. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SEMENYSHYN, Mykola; HRYSHCHENKO, Iryna; ALEKSEIEVA, Kateryna; OLIINYK, Volodymyr; BUHA, Hanna. 2020. “Research of features of professional self-actualization of civil servants through the determinants of information security.” In: Revista San Gregorio, Vol. 42. Available online. In: http://dx.doi.org/10.36097/rsan.v1i42.1537. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SHCHERBAK, Natalia. 2020. “Institutional support for state gender policy realization in the context of the public administration reform implementation” In: Law and Public Administration. Vol. 3, pp. 141-149.
SILANDER, Charlotte. 2019. “Gender equality policy” In: Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth. Pp. 185-205. Edward Elgar Publishing.
URINBOYEVNA, Yulduz; RUSTAMOVA, Shahruza. 2021. “About Gender Equality and the Process of Ensuring It” In: International Journal of Innovative Analyses and Emerging Technology. Vol. 1, No. 7, pp. 54-56. Available online. In: https://openaccessjournals.eu/index.php/ijiaet/ article/view/810. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1999. United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_207#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2005. Treaty establishing the European Community (Treaty establishing the European Economic Community). Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/994_017#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2006. Protocol No. 12 to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ETS No. 177). Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/994_537#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2015. Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/984_011#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2017. On the Government Commissioner for Gender Policy. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/390-2017-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2018. On ensuring equal rights and opportunities of women and men. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2866-15#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2019. About the consultative and advisory body on issues of family, gender equality, demographic development, prevention and countermeasures against domestic violence and countermeasures against human trafficking. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1087-2007-D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2020. The issue of conducting a gender- legal examination. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/997-2018-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2021. Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (with Protocols) (European Convention on Human Rights). Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/995_004#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/423-2015-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/794-18#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/776/97-вр#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing violence against women and domestic violence and combating these phenomena. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2319-20#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2023. On the approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/228-2014-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/03/2022.
VORCHAKOVA, Iryna. 2019. “Gender Policy in Ukraine: Opportunities and Perspectives” In: Young Scientist. Vol. 1, No. 65, pp. 405-408.
ZADOIENKO, Kateryna. 2019. “European Union Legislation in the Area of Gender Equality Policy: Experience for Ukraine” In: Investytsiyi: Praktyka ta Dosvid. Vol. 23, pp. 144-150.
Published
2023-04-29
How to Cite
Liasota, A., Kobets, Y., Dobkina, K., Yakubina, V., & Penyuk, V. (2023). Implementation of an effective system for monitoring the application of gender equality policy: Experience from European Union countries: Implementación de un sistema efectivo para el monitoreo de la aplicación de la política de igualdad de género: Experiencia de los países de la Unión europea. Political Questions, 41(77), 184-204. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4177.13
Section
Derecho Público
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