Legal approaches to the regulation of migration processes in the European Union

Enfoques jurídicos para la regulación de los procesos migratorios en la Unión Europea

• Oleg Todoshchak National University “Odesa Law Academy”, Odesa, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-1567
• Andrii Neugodnikov National University “Odesa Law Academy”, Odesa, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4649-0784
• Liudmyla Valuieva National University "Odesa Maritime Academy", Odesa, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0603-1399
• Olha Tsarenko Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, Khmelnitskyi, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-1024
• Serhii Tsarenko National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine named after Bohdan Khmelnytskyi, Khmelnitskyi, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-2514

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4176.07

Palabras clave: procesos migratorios, migración ilegal, política migratoria, migrantes en Europa, inmigración e integración

Resumen

Mediante una metodología interpretativa, el artículo examina los enfoques de la regulación de los procesos migratorios a la luz del creciente flujo de inmigrantes hacia la Unión Europea UE. En este contexto, se consideran dos direcciones principales de regulación de los procesos migratorios: la regulación legal y las medidas de integración. Todo permite concluir que, la regulación jurídica internacional de los procesos migratorios en la UE se basa en declaraciones, convenios, pactos y protocolos adoptados y ratificados, los cuales forman una base jurídica internacional general para la regulación y gestión de los procesos migratorios a nivel interestatal. En consecuencia, el análisis de la legislación migratoria y de la legislación en frontera estatal permite distinguir tres tipos de documentos según su contenido, que se relacionan con la lucha contra la migración irregular: a) los actos jurídicos reglamentarios, determinan el modelo de entrada y permanencia legal de un migrante el territorio del país; b) las normas de aplicación de la ley establecen responsabilidades y regulan la aplicación de otras medidas coercitivas en caso de violación de las normas migratorias, y; c) los documentos de contenido organizacional determinan la competencia de las autoridades involucradas en el proceso de lucha contra la inmigración ilegal.

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