Judicial Control over the Observance of Human Rights and Freedoms during the Detention of a Person
Keywords:
judicial control, investigating judge, pre-trial investigation, human right, detention of a person
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify problems in performing the functions of the investigating judge related to the protection of human rights and freedoms during detention and to offer solutions to them. The study is based on the use of methods of sampling and prognosis; system approach; descriptive statistics; comparison and collation; descriptive analysis method. We found out that the restriction of certain rights and freedoms of a person, detained on suspicion of having committed a crime, is quite legitimate, but some rights are violated due to abuse of police authority. The right to liberty and the right to security of person, the right to effective remedy and fair trial, and the right to respect for private and family life are most often violated during detention. Judicial control should be carried out in compliance with the following principles: immediacy, automaticity, conducting trial proceedings within a reasonable time. In order to universalize judicial control over the protection of human rights and freedoms during detention, we propose to develop an international legal document, regulating the conduct of judicial control.
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References
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ZINETS, R. A. 2005. Judicial control at the stage of preliminary investigation: procedural and organizational aspects. [PhD Thesis]. Volgograd, VA Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Moscow, Russia.
ALLEGREZZA, Silvia; COVOLO, Valentina. 2013. “The directive 2012/13/EU on the right to information in criminal proceedings: status quo or step forward?” In: EU Pravo. Available online. In: https://eu.pravo.hr/_ download/repository/3_-_The_Directive_201213EU_on_the_Right_ to_Information_in_Criminal_Proceedings--_status_quo_or_step_ forward.pdf. Date of consultation: 17/03/2020.
BAKYT, Aidar. 2016. “Authorization of the Barring Order by the Investigating Judge: Problems of Legislative Regulation” In: Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics (JARLE). Vol. 7, No. 19, pp. 989-994.
BIELOUSOV, Yuriy; VENGER, Volodymyr; ORLEAN, Andriy; KRAPYVIN, Yevgen; SHAPUTKO, Svitlana; YAVORSKA, Vasylyna. 2020. The Role of the Court in Criminal Proceeding. Publisher Klymenko Yu. Ya. Kyiv, Ukraine.
BILLING, Fenella. 2016. The Right to Silence in Transnational Criminal Proceedings: Comparative Law Perspectives. Springer International Publishing. Switzerland, Ginevra.
BORTUN, Mykola. 2018. “Ensuring the Effectiveness of a Pre-trial Investigation under Current Circumstances” In: Visnyk NAPU. Vol. 2, pp. 46-57.
BRANTS, Chrisje; FRANKEN, Sitjn. 2009. “The protection of fundamental human rights in criminal process General report” In: Utrecht Law Review. Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 7-65.
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CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE OF THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA. 2014. In: Legislati online. Available online. In: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/8503/file/CPC_FBiH_ am2014_eng.pdf. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
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CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE OF THE KINGDOM OF NORWAY. 2013. In: Legislati online. Available online. In: https://www.legislationline. org/download/id/8290/file/Norway_Criminal_Procedure_Act_1981_ am2013_en.pdf. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
ĐURĐEVIĆ, Zlata. 2016. The directive on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings: filling a human rights gap in the European Union Legal Order. Edited by Đurđević Zlata, Ivičević Karas. In: European Criminal Procedure Law in Service of Protection of European Union Financial Interests: State of Play and Challenges, pp. 9-25. Association of European Criminal Law. Zagreb, Croatian.
HINAREJOS, Alicia. 2009. Judicial control in the European Union: Reforming jurisdiction in the intergovernmental pillars. Oxford University Press. New York, USA.
HUDOC. 2021. European Court of Human Rights. Available online. In: https:// hudoc.echr.coe.int/Eng#%20. Date of consultation: 17/02/2021.
JACKSON, John; SUMMERS, Sarah. 2018. Obstacles to fairness in criminal proceedings: individual rights and institutional forms. Hart Publishing. Portland-Oregon, USA.
KHANOV, Talhat. 2017. “Judicial control over ensuring the rights of the individual during the pre-trial investigation” In: KEU Bulletin, Economics, Philosophy, Pedagogy, Jurisprudence. Available online. In: https://articlekz.com/article/27815. Date of consultation: 17/02/2021.
KOSTIN, Mykhailo. 2015. The role of investigative judge in ensuring the right of a person to launch the pre-trial investigation. In: Bulletin of the High Qualification Commission of Judges of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/ search?q=cache:zdDQoNRZZ34J:https://www.vkksu.gov.ua/ua/ about/visnik-vishoi-kvalifikatsiynoi-komisii-suddiv-ukraini/the-role- of-investigative-judge-in-ensuring-the-right-of-a-person-to-launch- the-pre-trial-investigation/+&cd=1&hl=ru&ct=clnk&gl=ua. Date of consultation: 17/10/2020.
LANDINA, Anna. 2017. “Ensuring the right of the subject of the crime by the principles of criminal law” In: Judicial appeal. Vol. 1, pp. 66-73. Available online. In: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Suap_2017_1_11. April 15, 2021. Date of consultation: 17/03/2020.
LIGA 360. 2012. The investigating judge. In: Ligazakon. Available online. In: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/TM044324. Date of consultation: 17/03/2020.
MITSILEGAS, Valsamis. 2019. “The European Union and the Rights of Individuals in Criminal Proceedings.” Edited by: D. K. Brown, J. I. Turner, B. Weisser. In: The Oxford Handbook of Criminal Process. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
MUZYCHENKO, T. O. 2017. Institute of Appeal the Investigating Judge’s Ruling, that Restricts Right of Ownership during the Pretrial Investigation: Concept, Features and Value. In: Sciences of Europe. Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 100-103.
NAGY, Sarah. 2016. “Use and Abuse of Pre-Trial Detention in Council of Europe States: A Path to Reform” In: Loyola University Chicago International Law Review. Vol. 13, No. 2. Available online. In: https://lawecommons. luc.edu/lucilr/vol13/iss2/6. Date of consultation: 17/10/2020.
NASTIUK, Vasyl; MIKHAILOV, Oleksandr; IZBASH, Ekaterina; KONDRATENKO, Vitalii. 2020. “Judicial control over investigative (search) actions that require prior permission” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 9, No. 28, pp. 151-158. Available online. In: http://dx.doi. org/10.34069/AI/2020.28.04.18. Date of consultation: 17/10/2020.
NOWAK, Celina. 2014. “Judicial Control of the Prosecutors’ Activities in the Light of the ECHR” In: EUCRIM. Vol. 2, pp. 60-63.
PENAL CODE OF UKRAINE. 2001. Available online. In: https://www. legislationline.org/documents/action/popup/id/16257/preview. Date of consultation: 17/03/2020.
PIVATY, Anna; SOO, Anneli. 2019. “Article 7 of the Directive 2012/13/EU on the Right to Information in Criminal Proceedings: A Missed Opportunity to Ensure Equality of Arms in Pre-Trial Proceedings?” In: European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice. Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 126-154.
RADIĆ, Ivana. 2018. “Right of the child to information according to the directive 2016/800/EU on procedural safeguards for children who are suspects or accused persons in criminal proceedings” In: EU and Comparative Law Issues and Challenges Series (ECLIC). Vol. 2, pp. 468-491. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.25234/eclic/7122. Date of consultation: 17/10/2020.
REN, Shuai-jun. 2017. “On the Value of Human Rights in the Socialist Core Values” In: Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Social Sciences Edition). Vol. 6. Available online. In: https://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/ CJFDTotal-WHJT201706007.html. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
ROSSINSKIY, S. B. 2017. “Reflections on the efficiency of judicial control over the production of investigative actions” In: Tomsk State University Bulletin. Vol. 423, pp. 225-235.
SEREDA, K. 2016. “Habeas Corpus Act” procedure for compliance of domestic legal regulation with international standards” In: Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University. Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 177-180.
SHARENKO, Svitlana. 2020. “Problematic Issues of the Activity of the Investigating Judge in Executing Judicial Control for the Protection of Human Rights” In: Law of Ukraine. Vol. 256. Available online. In: https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/ lawukrai2020&div=210&id=&page=. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
SOO, Anneli. 2016. “Potential Remedies for Violation of the Right to Counsel in Criminal Proceedings: Article 12 of the Directive 2013/48/EU (22 October2013) and its Output in National Legislation” In: European Criminal Law Review. Vol. 6, pp. 284-307. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.5771/2193-5505-2016-3-284. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
SOO, Anneli. 2018. “(Effective) Remedies for a Violation of the Right to Counsel During Criminal Proceedings in the European Union: An Empirical Study” In: Utrecht Law Review. Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 18-60.
TRUKŠĀNE, Zane. 2020. “Limits of competence of an investigating judge in the pre-trial criminal proceedings. Individual. Society” In: State. Proceedings of the International Student and Teacher Scientific and Practical Conference. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.17770/iss2019.5298. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
UNITED NATIONS. 2021. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Available online. In: https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of- human-rights. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
VIOLATIONS BY ARTICLE AND BY STATE. 2018. In: ECHR. Available online. In: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Stats_violation_2018_ENG. pdf. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
VIOLATIONS BY ARTICLE AND BY STATE. 2019. In: ECHR. Available online. In: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Stats_violation_2019_ENG. pdf. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
VIOLATIONS BY ARTICLE AND BY STATE. 2020. In ECHR. Available online. In: https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Stats_violation_2020_ENG. pdf. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
WIKIPEDIA. 2021. Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Available online. In: https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/European_Convention_on_Human_Rights. April 15, 2021. Date of consultation: 17/03/2021.
YEDNAK, Viacheslav; VITIUK, Dariya; KRUT, Kateryna; GROKHOLSKYI, Vadym. 2020. “Ensuring the Rights of the Person When Notifying of Suspicion or Detention on Suspicion of Committing a Criminal Offense” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 9, No. 25, pp. 423-428.
ZINETS, R. A. 2005. Judicial control at the stage of preliminary investigation: procedural and organizational aspects. [PhD Thesis]. Volgograd, VA Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Moscow, Russia.
Published
2021-07-15
How to Cite
Kuzmichova-Kyslenko, E., Horodetska, M., Smal, I., Hurina, D., & Pototskyi, M. (2021). Judicial Control over the Observance of Human Rights and Freedoms during the Detention of a Person. Political Questions, 39(69), 643-665. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.40
Section
Derecho Público
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