Implementation of an effective system for monitoring the application of gender equality policy: Experience from European Union countries
Implementación de un sistema efectivo para el monitoreo de la aplicación de la política de igualdad de género: Experiencia de los países de la Unión europea
Palabras clave:
política de género, discriminación, sistema de control, igualdad de derechos, estereotipos
Resumen
La Unión Europea ha seguido la política destinada a lograr la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres durante mucho tiempo. La aprobación de la Ley «sobre la garantía de la igualdad de derechos y oportunidades para mujeres y hombres» es un importante paso adelante. Sin embargo, los aspectos del control del cumplimiento de la legislación en el campo de la política de género siguen estando poco avanzados y deben adaptarse siguiendo la experiencia de los países europeos desarrollados. El objetivo de este artículo fue esbozar el mecanismo legislativo para garantizar la igualdad de derechos y oportunidades para mujeres y hombres, y compararlo con la experiencia y la práctica legislativa europeas. Durante la investigación se utilizaron los métodos de análisis y síntesis, deducción e inducción y análisis comparativo. Como resultado de la investigación, se determinó el mecanismo para garantizar la igualdad de derechos y oportunidades en Ucrania; se describieron los órganos, instituciones y organizaciones empoderados en el área especificada junto a los principales aspectos de la legislación sobre igualdad de género en Ucrania. Se concluye que los funcionarios gubernamentales pueden utilizar los resultados obtenidos durante la investigación para mejorar algunos aspectos legislativos del control sobre la implementación de la política de género.
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Citas
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MINTO, Rachel; MERGAERT, Lut; BUSTELO María. 2020. “Policy evaluation and gender mainstreaming in the European Union: The perfect (mis) match?” In: European Journal of Politics and Gender. Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 277-294.
PROKOPENKO, Olha; KURBATOVA, Tetiana; KHALILOVA, Marina; ZERKAL, Anastasiia; PRAUSE, Gunnar; BINDA, Jacek; BERDIYOROV, Temur; KLAPKIV, Yuriy; SANETRA-PÓŁGRABI, Sabina; KOMARNITSKYI, Igor. 2023. “Impact of investments and R&D costs in renewable energy technologies on companies’ profitability indicators: Assessment and forecast” In: Energies. Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 23-43.
ROOS, Mechthild. 2021. “Emancipating Europe: The European Parliament’s Involvement in Community Equality Policy” In: The Parliamentary Roots of European Social Policy. Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. Cham.
ROSA, Rodrigo; DREW, Eileen; CANAVAN, Siobhán. 2020. “An overview of gender inequality in EU universities” In: The Gender-Sensitive University, pp. 1-15. Available online. In: https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/39923/9780367431174_text. pdf?sequence=1#page=19. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SAIENKO, Oleksandr. 2020. Constitutional and legal support for the implementation of the principle of gender equality in Ukraine in the light of foreign experience. Diss. for obtaining the degree of candidate of juridical sciences. National Aviation University. Available online. In: https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/44377. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SCHULSTOK, Torild; WIKSTRAND, Frida. 2020. “Gender equality and career guidance in a Nordic context” In: Career and career guidance in the Nordic countries, pp. 51-64. Brill. Available online. In: https://library. oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/53802/9789004428096. pdf?sequence=1#page=66. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
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SHCHERBAK, Natalia. 2020. “Institutional support for state gender policy realization in the context of the public administration reform implementation” In: Law and Public Administration. Vol. 3, pp. 141-149.
SILANDER, Charlotte. 2019. “Gender equality policy” In: Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth. Pp. 185-205. Edward Elgar Publishing.
URINBOYEVNA, Yulduz; RUSTAMOVA, Shahruza. 2021. “About Gender Equality and the Process of Ensuring It” In: International Journal of Innovative Analyses and Emerging Technology. Vol. 1, No. 7, pp. 54-56. Available online. In: https://openaccessjournals.eu/index.php/ijiaet/ article/view/810. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
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VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2018. On ensuring equal rights and opportunities of women and men. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2866-15#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2019. About the consultative and advisory body on issues of family, gender equality, demographic development, prevention and countermeasures against domestic violence and countermeasures against human trafficking. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1087-2007-D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
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VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/423-2015-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/794-18#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/776/97-вр#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing violence against women and domestic violence and combating these phenomena. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2319-20#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2023. On the approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/228-2014-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/03/2022.
VORCHAKOVA, Iryna. 2019. “Gender Policy in Ukraine: Opportunities and Perspectives” In: Young Scientist. Vol. 1, No. 65, pp. 405-408.
ZADOIENKO, Kateryna. 2019. “European Union Legislation in the Area of Gender Equality Policy: Experience for Ukraine” In: Investytsiyi: Praktyka ta Dosvid. Vol. 23, pp. 144-150.
BILA-TIURINA, Yulia. 2022. “Features of the administrative and legal provision of gender policy in Ukraine in the contest of European integration priorities” In: Public administration and customs administration. Special issue, pp. 5-9.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2003. Balanced participation of women and men in political and public decision-making. Recommendation Rec (2003)3 of the Committee of Ministers and explanatory memorandum. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/1680519084. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2004. Recommendation 148(2004) on gender mainstreaming at local and regional level: a strategy to promote equality between women and men in cities and regions. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/168071a54f. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2007. Recommendation CM/Rec(2007)17 of the Committee of Ministers and Explanatory Memorandum. Available online. In: http://www.euromed-justice-iii.eu/document/coe- 2007-recommendation-cmrec-2007-17-committee-ministers-and- explanatory-memorandum. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2015. Resolution 391(2015) Fighting the increasing poverty of women: the responsibility of local and regional authorities. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/16807199f1. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2016. Gender budgeting and Resolution 405. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/1680718ce9. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2018. Gender Equality Strategy of the Council of Europe for 2018-2023. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/prems-041318-gbr-gender-equality-strategy-2023-ukr-new2/16808b35a4. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
DMYTRENKO, Darya. 2021. “The gender aspect of public administration: the experience of foreign countries in building gender strategies” In: Debut: A collection of abstracts of students’ reports Faculty of History, pp. 132-136. Available online. In: https://mdu.in.ua/Nauch/Konf/2021/ dekada-2021/zbirka_tez_dekadi_if_2021.pdf. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
HUSU, Liisa. 2019. “Gender equality in Nordic academia: advances and challenges.” In: Dragica Vujadinović and Zorana Antonijević (ed.), RODNA RAVNOPRAVNOST U VISOKOM OBRAZOVANJU: Koncepti, prakse i izazovi, pp. 63-73. Akademska knjiga. Novi Sad, Serbia:
KOPOTUN, Igor; UVAROV, Volodymyr; SVOBODA, Ivo; VEKLYCH, Vladyslav; DOVBAN, Igor. 2022. “Coordination of the fight against organized crime resulted from corruption” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 11, No. 50, pp. 260-271.
LEMPESI, Georgia Eleni. 2019. “European policies on gender equality and their connection. Gender mainstreaming in Greek educational policies: An overview of policy texts” In: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. Vol. 9, No. 7, pp. 39-48.
LIGA 360. 2000. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Available online. In: https://ips.ligazakon.net/document/MU00303. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
LOMAZZI, Vera; CRESPI, Isabella. 2019. “Gender mainstreaming in Europe: legislation and cultural changes” In: Gender Mainstreaming and Gender Equality in Europe, pp. 31-46. Policy Press. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.51952/9781447317722.ch002. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
LOMAZZI, Vera; CRESPI, Isabella. 2019a. Gender mainstreaming and gender equality in Europe: Policies, culture and public opinion. Policy Press. Available online. In: https://books.google.com.ua/books?hl=uk&lr=&id=Fwq1DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=gender+mainstreaming+in+eu&ots=DRLE899lWS&sig=BgHCu5VZjt gQ6b3-CqQZPDWClx8&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=gender%20 mainstreaming%20in%20eu&f=false. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
MANLOSA, Aisa; SCHULTNER, Jannik; DORRESTEIJN, Ine; FISCHER, Joern. 2019. “Leverage points for improving gender equality and human well-being in a smallholder farming context” In: Sustainability Science. Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 529-541.
MINTO, Rachel; MERGAERT, Lut; BUSTELO María. 2020. “Policy evaluation and gender mainstreaming in the European Union: The perfect (mis) match?” In: European Journal of Politics and Gender. Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 277-294.
PROKOPENKO, Olha; KURBATOVA, Tetiana; KHALILOVA, Marina; ZERKAL, Anastasiia; PRAUSE, Gunnar; BINDA, Jacek; BERDIYOROV, Temur; KLAPKIV, Yuriy; SANETRA-PÓŁGRABI, Sabina; KOMARNITSKYI, Igor. 2023. “Impact of investments and R&D costs in renewable energy technologies on companies’ profitability indicators: Assessment and forecast” In: Energies. Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 23-43.
ROOS, Mechthild. 2021. “Emancipating Europe: The European Parliament’s Involvement in Community Equality Policy” In: The Parliamentary Roots of European Social Policy. Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Palgrave Macmillan. Cham.
ROSA, Rodrigo; DREW, Eileen; CANAVAN, Siobhán. 2020. “An overview of gender inequality in EU universities” In: The Gender-Sensitive University, pp. 1-15. Available online. In: https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/39923/9780367431174_text. pdf?sequence=1#page=19. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SAIENKO, Oleksandr. 2020. Constitutional and legal support for the implementation of the principle of gender equality in Ukraine in the light of foreign experience. Diss. for obtaining the degree of candidate of juridical sciences. National Aviation University. Available online. In: https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/44377. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SCHULSTOK, Torild; WIKSTRAND, Frida. 2020. “Gender equality and career guidance in a Nordic context” In: Career and career guidance in the Nordic countries, pp. 51-64. Brill. Available online. In: https://library. oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/53802/9789004428096. pdf?sequence=1#page=66. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SEMENYSHYN, Mykola; HRYSHCHENKO, Iryna; ALEKSEIEVA, Kateryna; OLIINYK, Volodymyr; BUHA, Hanna. 2020. “Research of features of professional self-actualization of civil servants through the determinants of information security.” In: Revista San Gregorio, Vol. 42. Available online. In: http://dx.doi.org/10.36097/rsan.v1i42.1537. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
SHCHERBAK, Natalia. 2020. “Institutional support for state gender policy realization in the context of the public administration reform implementation” In: Law and Public Administration. Vol. 3, pp. 141-149.
SILANDER, Charlotte. 2019. “Gender equality policy” In: Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth. Pp. 185-205. Edward Elgar Publishing.
URINBOYEVNA, Yulduz; RUSTAMOVA, Shahruza. 2021. “About Gender Equality and the Process of Ensuring It” In: International Journal of Innovative Analyses and Emerging Technology. Vol. 1, No. 7, pp. 54-56. Available online. In: https://openaccessjournals.eu/index.php/ijiaet/ article/view/810. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 1999. United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_207#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2005. Treaty establishing the European Community (Treaty establishing the European Economic Community). Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/994_017#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2006. Protocol No. 12 to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ETS No. 177). Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/994_537#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2015. Association Agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/984_011#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2017. On the Government Commissioner for Gender Policy. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/390-2017-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2018. On ensuring equal rights and opportunities of women and men. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2866-15#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2019. About the consultative and advisory body on issues of family, gender equality, demographic development, prevention and countermeasures against domestic violence and countermeasures against human trafficking. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1087-2007-D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2020. The issue of conducting a gender- legal examination. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/997-2018-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2021. Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (with Protocols) (European Convention on Human Rights). Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/995_004#Text. Consultation date: 22/04/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/423-2015-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/794-18#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/776/97-вр#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2022. On the ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing violence against women and domestic violence and combating these phenomena. Available online. In: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2319-20#Text. Consultation date: 22/09/2022.
VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE. 2023. On the approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/228-2014-%D0%BF#Text. Consultation date: 22/03/2022.
VORCHAKOVA, Iryna. 2019. “Gender Policy in Ukraine: Opportunities and Perspectives” In: Young Scientist. Vol. 1, No. 65, pp. 405-408.
ZADOIENKO, Kateryna. 2019. “European Union Legislation in the Area of Gender Equality Policy: Experience for Ukraine” In: Investytsiyi: Praktyka ta Dosvid. Vol. 23, pp. 144-150.
Publicado
2023-04-29
Cómo citar
Liasota, A., Kobets, Y., Dobkina, K., Yakubina, V., & Penyuk, V. (2023). Implementation of an effective system for monitoring the application of gender equality policy: Experience from European Union countries: Implementación de un sistema efectivo para el monitoreo de la aplicación de la política de igualdad de género: Experiencia de los países de la Unión europea. Cuestiones Políticas, 41(77), 184-204. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4177.13
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