Peculiarities of ensuring the constitutional right to a fair trial: international and national aspects

Estándares internacionales para procesos penales en regímenes legales de emergencia

• Oleksandr Rogach State University «Uzhhorod National University», Uzhhorod, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5125-288X
• Nataliya Shelever State University «Uzhhorod National University», Uzhhorod, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3641-4910
• Mykhailo Herevych State University «Uzhhorod National University», Uzhhorod, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-2828
• Iryna Shulhan Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-3495
• Mariia Muzyka National Academy, State Border Guard Service of Ukraine named after Bohdan Khmelnytskyi, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-7101

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4075.37

Palabras clave: derecho a un juicio justo, poder judicial, Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, ley marcial, regímenes legales de emergencia

Resumen

Mediante una metodología documental que conjuga diferentes técnicas de investigación como la dialéctica, el artículo realiza un análisis científico de la implementación del derecho constitucional a un juicio justo en Ucrania y define su esencia y contenido; además, investiga las peculiaridades de la consolidación normativa del derecho en los actos jurídicos internacionales y estudia la experiencia positiva de aplicar la práctica precedente del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos, para resolver los principales problemas de la implementación de este derecho en el poder judicial nacional en las condiciones de la ley marcial en Ucrania. Entre otras cosas, se aclaró la esencia del término «derecho a un juicio justo» y se realizó un estudio de las peculiaridades de la implementación del derecho a un juicio justo en condiciones de guerra desde la perspectiva del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Se concluye que, tanto en la teoría como en la realidad concreta, el derecho a un juicio justo es de naturaleza compleja e incluye la equidad y publicidad del proceso, la razonabilidad de los términos, la presunción de inocencia, la independencia e imparcialidad del tribunal, la existencia de un litigio sobre derechos y obligaciones, entre otros aspectos.

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