Judicial Control over the Observance of Human Rights and Freedoms during the Detention of a Person
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar problemas en el desempeño de las funciones del juez de instrucción relacionadas con la protección de los derechos humanos y las libertades durante la detención para ofrecerles soluciones. El estudio se basa en el uso de métodos de muestreo y pronóstico: aproximación del sistema; estadísticas descriptivas; comparación y colación; método de análisis descriptivo. Descubrimos que la restricción de ciertos derechos y libertades de una persona, detenida por sospecha de haber cometido un delito, es bastante legítima, pero algunos derechos son violados por abuso de autoridad policial. El derecho a la libertad y el derecho a la seguridad de la persona, el derecho a un recurso efectivo y a un juicio justo y el derecho al respeto de la vida privada y familiar se violan con mayor frecuencia durante la detención. Se concluye que el control judicial debe realizarse de acuerdo con los siguientes principios: inmediatez, automaticidad, desarrollo del proceso judicial en un plazo razonable. Con el fin de universalizar el control judicial sobre la protección de los derechos humanos y las libertades durante la detención, proponemos además desarrollar un documento legal internacional que regule la conducción del control judicial.
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