Contingent Governance and Sustainability in Medellín’s Entrepreneurship and Innovation Ecosystem
Palabras clave:
Entrepreneurship ecosystem, organizational sustainability, contingent governance, inter-organizational articulation, neo-institutionalism
Resumen
Medellín’s entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystem has been shaped by public policy, institutional programs, universities, private actors and hybrid forms of governance. This article explores the effects of structural misalignment on organizational sustainability within this ecosystem. A qualitative exploratory-descriptive design was used, based on fifteen semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs, public-sector representatives, academic actors and investors, complemented by documentary review and exploratory composite-score analysis. The findings show that the ecosystem has developed a high level of institutional differentiation, but weak integration mechanisms. This produces duplicated support programs, fragmented coordination, dependence on public actors and higher transaction costs for entrepreneurs. The results also reveal that the technocentric orientation associated with the Software Valley strategy has reinforced organizational rigidity and has displaced social, cultural and hybrid ventures toward the margins of the ecosystem. The article concludes that the sustainability of local ventures depends not only on access to resources, but also on adaptive governance, balanced authority distribution and stronger inter-organizational articulation.
Citas
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von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General system theory: Foundations, development, applications. George Braziller.
Williamson, O. E. (1975). Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications: A study in the economics of internal organization. Free Press.
Wurth, B., Stam, E., & Spigel, B. (2022). Toward an entrepreneurial ecosystem research program. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 46(3), 729–778. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258721998948
Alcaldía de Medellín. (2008). Plan de Desarrollo 2008–2011: Medellín es solidaria y competitiva. https://www.medellin.gov.co/irj/portal/medellin?NavigationTarget=contenido/8842-Plan-de-Desarrollo-2008---2011-+-Gaceta-oficial
Alcaldía de Medellín. (2012). Plan de Desarrollo 2012–2015: Medellín, un hogar para la vida. https://colaboracion.dnp.gov.co/CDT/Desarrollo%20Territorial/Portal%20Territorial/KIT-OT/Plan-de-Desarrollo-Medellin-2012-2015.pdf
Alcaldía de Medellín. (2020). Plan de Desarrollo Medellín Futuro 2020–2023. https://www.medellin.gov.co/irj/portal/medellin?NavigationTarget=contenido/6899-Plan-de-Desarrollo-2020---2023--Gaceta-oficial---Medellin-Futuro
Borgatti, S. P., & Halgin, D. S. (2011). On network theory. Organization Science, 22(5), 1168–1181. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1100.0641
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Cao, Z., & Shi, X. (2021). A systematic literature review of entrepreneurial ecosystems in advanced and emerging economies. Small Business Economics, 57(1), 75–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00326-y
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Friese, S. (2019). Qualitative data analysis with ATLAS.ti (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
González-Vega, A. M. del C., Molina-Sánchez, R., López-Salazar, A., & López-Salazar, G. L. (2022). La entrevista cualitativa como técnica de investigación en el estudio de las organizaciones [The qualitative interview as a research technique in the study of organizations]. New Trends in Qualitative Research, 14, Article e571. https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.14.2022.e571
Guest, G., Bunce, A., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18(1), 59–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X05279903
Hammouch, H., Manta, O., & Palazzo, M. (2024). Adapting management control systems to organizational contingency factors: A study of Moroccan industrial companies. Businesses, 4(4), 883–898. https://doi.org/10.3390/businesses4040048
Kallio, H., Pietilä, A.-M., Johnson, M., & Kangasniemi, M. (2016). Systematic methodological review: Developing a framework for a qualitative semi-structured interview guide. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(12), 2954–2965. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13031
Mack, E., & Mayer, H. (2016). The evolutionary dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Urban Studies, 53(10), 2118–2133. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098015586547
Roundy, P. T., Brockman, B. K., & Bradshaw, M. (2017). The resilience of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 8, 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2017.08.002
Saldaña, J. (2021). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., Burroughs, H., & Jinks, C. (2018). Saturation in qualitative research: Exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality & Quantity, 52, 1893–1907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8
Schumpeter, J. A. (2021). The theory of economic development (R. Swedberg, Intro.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003146766
Theodoraki, C., Messeghem, K., & Rice, M. P. (2018). A social capital approach to the development of sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: An explorative study. Small Business Economics, 51(1), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9924-0
Tushman, M. L., & Nadler, D. A. (1978). Information processing as an integrating concept in organizational design. Academy of Management Review, 3(3), 613–624. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1978.4305791
Van de Ven, A. H. (2017). The innovation journey: You can’t control it, but you can learn to maneuver it. Innovation, 19(1), 39–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2016.1256780
von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General system theory: Foundations, development, applications. George Braziller.
Williamson, O. E. (1975). Markets and hierarchies: Analysis and antitrust implications: A study in the economics of internal organization. Free Press.
Wurth, B., Stam, E., & Spigel, B. (2022). Toward an entrepreneurial ecosystem research program. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 46(3), 729–778. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258721998948
Publicado
2026-07-15
Cómo citar
Ríos Mesa, J. P., Arias Vargas, F. J., Escalante, J. C., & Hernández-Betancur, J.-E. (2026). Contingent Governance and Sustainability in Medellín’s Entrepreneurship and Innovation Ecosystem. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 31(115), e311159. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgluz.31.115.9
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