Responsabilidad social empresarial en empresas de la industria colombiana: una aproximación comprensiva
Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo interpretar los antecedentes y consecuentes de la responsabilidad social empresarial en empresas del sector industrial de Colombia. La investigación se realiza a través de una metodología cualitativa utilizando la encuesta semiestructurada a profundidad. Los datos se analizan en el software en NVivo utilizando cuatro categorías de análisis. Los resultados aportan evidencia al campo emergente de la responsabilidad social en países en desarrollo. Se encuentra que la responsabilidad social empresarial es antecedida por un sentido de deber moral y filantrópico centrado en valores de los empresarios fundadores, por la necesidad de adquirir licencias sociales para operar en territorios en conflicto, por la necesidad de fortalecer las relaciones con los principales grupos de interés primarios y por la necesidad de llenar vacíos institucionales. La responsabilidad social empresarial genera consecuentes en el diseño de modelos de negocio hacia formas hibridas y de creación de valor compartido, amplía los niveles de relacionamiento con grupos de interés secundarios como las instituciones locales, las ONGs, o el entorno medio ambiental en crisis, y modifica los modelos de gobernanza corporativa al involucrar fehacientemente el proceso de rendición de cuentas cumpliendo estándares internacionales.
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