Inteligencia artificial (IA) aplicada a la gestión pública
Palabras clave:
inteligencia artificial, gestión pública, gobernanza digital, administración pública
Resumen
La implementación de sistemas basados en inteligencia artificial (IA) ha pasado la barrera del campo académico y debido a sus potencialidades se viene desarrollando en otros campos tales como la gestión pública por lo que urge la necesidad de tener un panorama actualizado al respecto. Este artículo tiene como objetivo abordar el análisis de la IA destacando su trascendencia en el campo de la gestión, administración pública y gobierno, resaltando las oportunidades significativas, la evaluación de impactos y el potencial que plantea la IA. La presente revisión ofrece una visión panorámica y significativa acerca de la IA y su impacto en el campo de la gestión y administración pública, acerca de sus logros, así como sensibles controversias. Finalmente se muestran las oportunidades y desafíos críticos de aplicación de la IA en el sector público.
Citas
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Wirtz, B. W., Weyerer, J. C., & Sturm, B. J. (2020). The Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: An Integrated AI Governance Framework for Public Administration. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(9), 818-829. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1749851.
Zheng, Y., Yu, H., Cui, L., Miao, C., Leung, C., & Yang, Q. (2018). SmartHS: An AI platform for improving government service provision. In 32nd AAAI conference on artificial intelligence. AAAI: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 7704-7712. https://bit.ly/3m4P7eL.
Abduljabbar, R., Dia, H., Liyanage, S., & Bagloee, S. A. (2019). Applications of artificial intelligence in transport: An overview. Sustainability, 11(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010189.
Allam, Z., & Dhunny, Z. A. (2019). On big data, artificial intelligence and smart cities. Cities, 89, 80-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.01.032.
Agarwal, P. K. (2018). Public administration challenges in the world of AI and Bots. Public Administration Review, 78(6), 917-921. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12979.
Butcher, J., & Beridze, I. (2019). What is the State of Artificial Intelligence Governance Globally? The RUSI Journal, 164(5-6), 88-96. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2019.1694260.
Bullock, J. B. (2019). Artificial intelligence, discretion, and bureaucracy. The American Review of Public Administration, 49(7), 751-761. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074019856123.
Cath, C., Wachter, S., Mittelstadt, B., Taddeo, M., & Floridi, L. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the ‘good society’: the US, EU, and UK approach. Science and engineering ethics, 24(2), 505-528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-017-9901-7.
Chui, M. (2017). Artificial intelligence the next digital frontier?. McKinsey and Company Global Institute, Shanghai: China. https://bit.ly/33TVo6N.
Duan, Y., Edwards, J. S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2019). Artificial intelligence for decision making in the era of Big Data - evolution, challenges and research agenda. International Journal of Information Management, 48, 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.01.021.
Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Ismagilova, E., Aarts, G., Coombs, C., Crick, T., ... & Galanos, V. (2019). Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 101994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.08.002.
Etscheid, J. (2019, September). Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration. In International Conference on Electronic Government (pp. 248-261). Springer, Cham.
Galanos, V. (2019). Exploring expanding expertise: artificial intelligence as an existential threat and the role of prestigious commentators, 2014–2018. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 31(4), 421-432. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2018.1518521.
Galloway, C., & Swiatek, L. (2018). Public relations and artificial intelligence: It’s not (just) about robots. Public relations review, 44(5), 734-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2018.10.008.
Haenlein, M., & Kaplan, A. (2019). A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence: On the Past, Present, and Future of Artificial Intelligence. California Management Review, 000812561986492. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125619864925.
Helbing, D., Frey, B. S., Gigerenzer, G., Hafen, E., Hagner, M., Hofstetter, Y., ... & Zwitter, A. (2019). Will democracy survive big data and artificial intelligence?. In Towards digital enlightenment (pp. 73-98). Springer, Cham.
Henman, P. (2020). Improving public services using artificial intelligence: possibilities, pitfalls, governance. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/23276665.2020.1816188.
Ismagilova, E., Hughes, L., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Raman, K. R. (2019). Smart cities: Advances in research - An information systems perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 47, 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.01.004.
Issa, H., Sun, T., & Vasarhelyi, M. A. (2016). Research ideas for artificial intelligence in auditing: The formalization of audit and workforce supplementation. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 13(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.2308/jeta-10511.
Jarrahi, M. H. (2018). Artificial intelligence and the future of work: Human-AI symbiosis in organizational decision making. Business Horizons, 61(4), 577-586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.03.007.
Kouziokas, G. N. (2017). The application of artificial intelligence in public administration for forecasting high crime risk transportation areas in urban environment. Transportation Research Procedia, 24, 467-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.083.
Manyika, J., Lund, S., Chui, M., Bughin, J., Woetzel, J., Batra, P., Ko, R. & Sanghvi, S. (2017). Jobs lost, jobs gained: Workforce transitions in a time of automation. McKinsey Global Institute. http://hdl.voced.edu.au/10707/444873.
Mehr, H., Ash, H., & Fellow, D. (2017). Artificial intelligence for citizen services and government. Ash Cent. Democr. Gov. Innov. Harvard Kennedy Sch., no. August, 1-12.
Mikhaylov, S. J., Esteve, M., & Campion, A. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the public sector: opportunities and challenges of cross-sector collaboration. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 376(2128), 1-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0357.
Morkhat, P. M., Ponkin, I. V., Markhgeym, M. V., Botnev, V. K., & Turganbayev, A. O. (2019). Artificial intelligence versus public administration: limitations of application. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 7(3), 516-520. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7376.
Nadikattu, R. R. (2016). The emerging role of artificial intelligence in modern society. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 4(4), 906-911. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3652429.
Park, D. A. (2017). A study on conversational public administration service of the Chatbot based on artificial intelligence. Journal of Korea Multimedia Society, 20(8), 1347-1356. https://doi.org/10.9717/kmms.2017.20.8.1347.
Press, G. (2017). Top 10 hot artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Forbes, Jan. 23.
Sharma, G. D., Yadav, A., & Chopra, R. (2020). Artificial intelligence and effective governance: A review, critique and research agenda. Sustainable Futures, 2, 100004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2019.100004.
Shava, E., & Hofisi, C. (2017). Challenges and opportunities for public administration in the fourth industrial revolution. African Journal of Public Affairs, 9(9), 203-215. https://bit.ly/3lSuyCn.
Sun, T. Q., & Medaglia, R. (2019). Mapping the challenges of Artificial Intelligence in the public sector: Evidence from public healthcare. Government Information Quarterly, 36(2), 368-383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2018.09.008.
Vogl, T. M., Seidelin, C., Ganesh, B., & Bright, J. (2019). Algorithmic Bureaucracy: Managing Competence, Complexity, and Problem Solving in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3327804.
Wirtz, B. W., Weyerer, J. C., & Geyer, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence and the public sector-applications and challenges. International Journal of Public Administration, 42(7), 596-615. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2018.1498103.
Wirtz, B. W., Weyerer, J. C., & Sturm, B. J. (2020). The Dark Sides of Artificial Intelligence: An Integrated AI Governance Framework for Public Administration. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(9), 818-829. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1749851.
Zheng, Y., Yu, H., Cui, L., Miao, C., Leung, C., & Yang, Q. (2018). SmartHS: An AI platform for improving government service provision. In 32nd AAAI conference on artificial intelligence. AAAI: Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 7704-7712. https://bit.ly/3m4P7eL.
Publicado
2021-04-28
Cómo citar
Ocaña-Fernández, Y., Valenzuela-Fernández, L. A., Vera-Flores, M. A., & Rengifo-Lozano, R. A. (2021). Inteligencia artificial (IA) aplicada a la gestión pública. Revista Venezolana De Gerencia, 26(94), 696-707. https://doi.org/10.52080/rvgv26n94.14
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