Resiliencia con enfoque humanista en pacientes con consumo problemático de sustancias
Palabras clave:
Resiliencia, consumo problemático de sustancias, enfoque humanista, centro de rehabilitación, factores de riesgo
Resumen
La estrategia para mejorar la calidad de vida de aquellos en recuperación de adicciones propone un enfoque holístico y multidisciplinario, que considera los aspectos físicos, emocionales, sociales y psicológicos. Al respecto, este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio que tiene como objetivo evaluar la resiliencia utilizando un enfoque humanista, en pacientes con consumo problemático de sustancias en el Centro de Rehabilitación Nueva Esperanza del Cantón Bolívar, Ecuador. Se utilizó un diseño no experimental longitudinal, donde se recolectaron datos por medio de pruebas psicométricas como el Test SV-RES, así como cuestionarios aplicados a los pacientes. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron niveles medios de resiliencia, con capacidad de adaptarse a situaciones adversas, a pesar de su lucha contra la adicción, estos individuos poseen la resiliencia necesaria para su recuperación, lo que puede ser reforzada mediante intervención adecuada. Las conclusiones subrayan la imperiosa necesidad de intervenciones preventivas y terapéuticas dirigidas a fortalecer la resistencia a influencias sociales negativas, incrementar la resiliencia personal, y tener en cuenta diferencias de género específico en el tratamiento.
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Carbia, C., Lannoy, S., Maurage, P., López-Caneda, E., O’Riordan, K. J., Dinan, T. G., y Cryan, J. F. (2021). A biological framework for emotional dysregulation in alcohol misuse: From gut to brain. Molecular Psychiatry, 26(4), 1098-1118. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-00970-6
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Gerber, M., Minghetti, A., Beck, J., Zahner, L., y Donath, L. (2019). Is improved fitness following a 12-week exercise program associated with decreased symptom severity, better wellbeing, and fewer sleep complaints in patients with major depressive disorders? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 113, 58-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.011
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Kinyanjui, D. W. C., y Atwoli, L. (2013). Substance use among inmates at the Eldoret prison in Western Kenya. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-53
Kossek, E. E., y Perrigino, M. B. (2016). Resilience: A review using a grounded integrated occupational approach. Academy of Management Annals, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2016.1159878
Laudet, A. B., Morgen, K., y White, W. L. (2006). The role of social supports, spirituality, religiousness, life meaning and affiliation with 12-step fellowships in quality of life satisfaction among individuals in recovery from alcohol and drug problems. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 24(1-2), 33-73. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020v24n01_04
López-Guerra, V. M., López-Núñez, C., Vaca-Gallegos, S. L., y Torres-Carrión, P. V. (2022). Psychometric properties and factor structure of the patient health questionnaire-9 as a screening tool for depression among Ecuadorian college students. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 813894. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.813894
Lotz, M. (2016). Vulnerability and resilience: A critical nexus. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 37(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-016-9355-y
Luigjes, J., Segrave, R., De Joode, N., Figee, M., y Denys, D. (2019). Efficacy of Invasive and Non-Invasive Brain Modulation Interventions for Addiction. Neuropsychology Review, 29(1), 116-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-018-9393-5
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Martin, A., Karanika-Murray, M., Biron, C., y Sanderson, K. (2016). The psychosocial work environment, employee mental health and organizational interventions: Improving research and practice by taking a multilevel approach. Stress and Health, 32(3), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2593
Moos, R. H., y Moos, B. S. (2007). Protective resources and long-term recovery from alcohol use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 86(1), 46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.04.015
Nawi, A. M., Ismail, R., Ibrahim, F., Hassan, M. R., Abdul, M. R., Amit, N., Ibrahim, N., y Shafurdin, N. S. (2021). Risk and protective factors of drug abuse among adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 2088. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11906-2
Newton, N. J., Chauhan, P. K., y Pates, J. L. (2020). Facing the future: Generativity, stagnation, intended legacies, and well-being in later life. Journal of Adult Development, 27(1), 70-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-019-09330-3
Nizama-Valladolid, M. (2016). Addictions in South America. In V. R. Preedy (Ed.), Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse (Vol. 2, pp. 1066-1074). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800212-4.00098-4
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Pilatti, A., Read, J. P., y Pautassi, R. M. (2017). ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use and their association with age of drug use onset, risk perception, and social norms in Argentinean College Freshmen. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1452. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01452
Poudel, A., y Gautam, S. (2017). Age of onset of substance use and psychosocial problems among individuals with substance use disorders. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1191-0
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Saavedra, E., y Villalta, M. (2008). Escala de resiliencia SV-RES para jóvenes y adultos. CEANIM.
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Saldarriaga, O., Ledesma, M. J., Malpartida, J. N., y Diaz, J. R. (2022). Resiliencia docente en las escuelas públicas de Lima Metropolitana – Perú. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVIII(1), 261-274. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i1.37690
Tsourtos, G., Foley, K., Ward, P., Miller, E., Wilson, C., Barton, C., y Lawn, S. (2019). Using a nominal group technique to approach consensus on a resilience intervention for smoking cessation in a lower socioeconomic population. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1577. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7939-y
Tugade, M. M., y Fredrickson, B. L. (2007). Regulation of positive emotions: Emotion regulation strategies that promote resilience. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(3), 311-333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9015-4
Vargas, W. C., y García, M. (2021). Resiliencia, comprensión psicosocial para los pospenados del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario en Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(E-3), 151-167. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i.36499
Wentzel, K. R., y Miele, D. B. (Eds.) (2016). Handbook of Motivation at School. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315773384
Williams, D. M., y Rhodes, R. E. (2016). The confounded self-efficacy construct: Conceptual analysis and recommendations for future research. Health Psychology Review, 10(2), 113-128. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2014.941998
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Bowers, C., Kreutzer, C., Cannon-Bowers, J., y Lamb, J. (2017). Team resilience as a second-order emergent state: A theoretical model and research directions. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1360. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01360
Bradizza, C. M., Stasiewicz, P. R., y Paas, N. D. (2006). Relapse to alcohol and drug use among individuals diagnosed with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(2), 162-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.11.005
Brownlee, K., Rawana, J., Franks, J., Harper, J., Bajwa, J., O’Brien, E., y Clarkson, A. (2013). A systematic review of strengths and resilience outcome literature relevant to children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 30(5), 435-459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-013-0301-9
Bush, J., y Doyon, A. (2019). Building urban resilience with nature-based solutions: How can urban planning contribute? Cities, 95, 102483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.102483
Carbia, C., Lannoy, S., Maurage, P., López-Caneda, E., O’Riordan, K. J., Dinan, T. G., y Cryan, J. F. (2021). A biological framework for emotional dysregulation in alcohol misuse: From gut to brain. Molecular Psychiatry, 26(4), 1098-1118. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-020-00970-6
Cos, T. A., LaPollo, A. B., Aussendorf, M., Williams, J. M., Malayter, K., y Festinger, D. S. (2020). Do peer recovery specialists improve outcomes for individuals with substance use disorder in an integrative primary care setting? A program evaluation. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 27(4), 704-715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-019-09661-z
Degenhardt, L., Stockings, E., Patton, G., Hall, W. D., y Lynskey, M. (2016). The increasing global health priority of substance use in young people. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3(3), 251-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00508-8
Deutsch-Link, S., Weinrieb, R. M., Jones, L. S., Solga, S. F., Weinberg, E. M., y Serper, M. (2020). Prior relapse, ongoing alcohol consumption, and failure to engage in treatment predict alcohol relapse after liver transplantation. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 65(7), 2089-2103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-019-05937-4
Fenwick-Smith, A., Dahlberg, E. E., y Thompson, S. C. (2018). Systematic review of resilience-enhancing, universal, primary school-based mental health promotion programs. BMC Psychology, 6(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-018-0242-3
Finch, A. J., Tanner-Smith, E., Hennessy, E., y Moberg, D. P. (2018). Recovery high schools: Effect of schools supporting recovery from substance use disorders. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 44(2), 175-184. https://doi.org/10.1080/00952990.2017.1354378
Gerber, M., Minghetti, A., Beck, J., Zahner, L., y Donath, L. (2019). Is improved fitness following a 12-week exercise program associated with decreased symptom severity, better wellbeing, and fewer sleep complaints in patients with major depressive disorders? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 113, 58-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.011
Heeks, R., y Ospina, A. V. (2019). Conceptualising the link between information systems and resilience: A developing country field study. Information Systems Journal, 29(1), 70-96. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12177
Hoseiny, H., Jadidi, M., Habiballah, L., y Saberi-Zafarghandi, M. B. (2015). The effect of methadone-maintenance therapy with and without interactive treatment on improving emotion-regulation strategies and resilience among opiate-dependent clients. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction, 4(1), e23526. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.23526
Jackson, S., y Goossens, L. (Eds.) (2020). Handbook of Adolescent Development. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203969861
Jones, L. (2019). Resilience isn’t the same for all: Comparing subjective and objective approaches to resilience measurement. WIREs Climate Change, 10(1), e552. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.552
Kabisa, E., Biracyaza, E., D’Amour, J., y Umubyeyi, A. (2021). Determinants and prevalence of relapse among patients with substance use disorders: case of Icyizere Psychotherapeutic Centre. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 16(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00347-0
Kinyanjui, D. W. C., y Atwoli, L. (2013). Substance use among inmates at the Eldoret prison in Western Kenya. BMC Psychiatry, 13(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-13-53
Kossek, E. E., y Perrigino, M. B. (2016). Resilience: A review using a grounded integrated occupational approach. Academy of Management Annals, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2016.1159878
Laudet, A. B., Morgen, K., y White, W. L. (2006). The role of social supports, spirituality, religiousness, life meaning and affiliation with 12-step fellowships in quality of life satisfaction among individuals in recovery from alcohol and drug problems. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 24(1-2), 33-73. https://doi.org/10.1300/J020v24n01_04
López-Guerra, V. M., López-Núñez, C., Vaca-Gallegos, S. L., y Torres-Carrión, P. V. (2022). Psychometric properties and factor structure of the patient health questionnaire-9 as a screening tool for depression among Ecuadorian college students. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 813894. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.813894
Lotz, M. (2016). Vulnerability and resilience: A critical nexus. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 37(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-016-9355-y
Luigjes, J., Segrave, R., De Joode, N., Figee, M., y Denys, D. (2019). Efficacy of Invasive and Non-Invasive Brain Modulation Interventions for Addiction. Neuropsychology Review, 29(1), 116-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-018-9393-5
Luthar, S. S., Lyman, E. L., y Crossman, E. J. (2014). Resilience and positive psychology. In M. Lewis y K. Rudolph (Eds.), Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology (pp. 125-140). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9608-3_7
Martin, A., Karanika-Murray, M., Biron, C., y Sanderson, K. (2016). The psychosocial work environment, employee mental health and organizational interventions: Improving research and practice by taking a multilevel approach. Stress and Health, 32(3), 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2593
Moos, R. H., y Moos, B. S. (2007). Protective resources and long-term recovery from alcohol use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 86(1), 46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.04.015
Nawi, A. M., Ismail, R., Ibrahim, F., Hassan, M. R., Abdul, M. R., Amit, N., Ibrahim, N., y Shafurdin, N. S. (2021). Risk and protective factors of drug abuse among adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 2088. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11906-2
Newton, N. J., Chauhan, P. K., y Pates, J. L. (2020). Facing the future: Generativity, stagnation, intended legacies, and well-being in later life. Journal of Adult Development, 27(1), 70-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-019-09330-3
Nizama-Valladolid, M. (2016). Addictions in South America. In V. R. Preedy (Ed.), Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse (Vol. 2, pp. 1066-1074). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800212-4.00098-4
Owens, R., Smalling, M., y Fitzpatrick, J. (2021). Mental health, substance use disorder, and opioid uses disorder: updates and strategies for treatment. SMAD, Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição Em Português), 17(3), 88-100. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2021.187412
Peacock, A., Leung, J., Larney, S., Colledge, S., Hickman, M., Rehm, J., Giovino, G. A., West, R., Hall, W., Griffiths, P., Ali, R., Gowing, L., Marsden, J., Ferrari, A. J., Grebely, J., Farrell, M., y Degenhardt, L. (2018). Global statistics on alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use: 2017 status report. Addiction, 113(10), 1905-1926. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14234
Pérez, J. M., Dorado, A., Rodríguez-Brioso, M. D. M., y López, J. (2020). Resiliencia para la promoción de la salud en la crisis Covid-19 en España. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(4), 52-63. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i4.34649
Pilatti, A., Read, J. P., y Pautassi, R. M. (2017). ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use and their association with age of drug use onset, risk perception, and social norms in Argentinean College Freshmen. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1452. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01452
Poudel, A., y Gautam, S. (2017). Age of onset of substance use and psychosocial problems among individuals with substance use disorders. BMC Psychiatry, 17(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1191-0
Rogers, S. M., Pinedo, M., Villatoro, A. P., y Zemore, S. E. (2019). “I don’t feel like I have a problem because I can still go to work and function”: Problem recognition among persons with substance use disorders. Substance Use & Misuse, 54(13), 2108-2116. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2019.1630441
Saavedra, E., y Villalta, M. (2008). Escala de resiliencia SV-RES para jóvenes y adultos. CEANIM.
Sachs, G. S., Thase, M. E., Otto, M. W., Bauer, M., Miklowitz, D., Wisniewski, S. R., Lavori, P., Lebowitz, B., Rudorfer, M., Frank, E., Nierenberg, A. A., Fava, M., Bowden, C., Ketter, T., Marangell, L., Calabrese, J., Kupfer, D., y Rosenbaum, J. F. (2003). Rationale, design, and methods of the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD). Biological Psychiatry, 53(11), 1028-1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00165-3
Saldarriaga, O., Ledesma, M. J., Malpartida, J. N., y Diaz, J. R. (2022). Resiliencia docente en las escuelas públicas de Lima Metropolitana – Perú. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVIII(1), 261-274. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v28i1.37690
Tsourtos, G., Foley, K., Ward, P., Miller, E., Wilson, C., Barton, C., y Lawn, S. (2019). Using a nominal group technique to approach consensus on a resilience intervention for smoking cessation in a lower socioeconomic population. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1577. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7939-y
Tugade, M. M., y Fredrickson, B. L. (2007). Regulation of positive emotions: Emotion regulation strategies that promote resilience. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(3), 311-333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-006-9015-4
Vargas, W. C., y García, M. (2021). Resiliencia, comprensión psicosocial para los pospenados del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario en Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(E-3), 151-167. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i.36499
Wentzel, K. R., y Miele, D. B. (Eds.) (2016). Handbook of Motivation at School. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315773384
Williams, D. M., y Rhodes, R. E. (2016). The confounded self-efficacy construct: Conceptual analysis and recommendations for future research. Health Psychology Review, 10(2), 113-128. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2014.941998
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Publicado
2023-10-03
Cómo citar
Tarazona Meza, A. K., Loor Salmon, L. del R., Pedroso Roller, T., & Palomeque Zambrano, J. Y. (2023). Resiliencia con enfoque humanista en pacientes con consumo problemático de sustancias. Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 29, 119-135. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i.40942
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Artículos
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
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