Concomitant acute lower extremity arterial and deep vein thrombosis developing in a patient under anticoagulant therapy after COVID 19 infection.

Trombosis arterial aguda y trombosis venosa profunda concomitantes de extremidad inferior en un paciente bajo terapia anticoagulante después de infección por COVID 19.

Keywords: Covid 19, thrombosis, hypercoagulability, thromboprophylaxis

Abstract

The hypercoagulable state continues after the Coronavirus 2019 (Covid 19) infection and prophylactic anticoagulants are recommended in this period. However, arterial and venous thromboembolic events can be observed during the convalescence period after the Covid 19. Here, we present the case of acute lower extremity arterial and venous thromboembolism developed in
the post-Covid 19 period in a 77-years-old patient, under therapeutic doses of anticoagulant therapy (enoxparin 1mg/kg of weight every 12 hours). The patient, who had no previous history of arterial or venous thrombosis, was taken to emergency surgery with the diagnosis of ALI (acute limb ischemia) due to acute arterial thrombosis. An arterial thrombectomy was performed with the help of a 4F Fogarty catheter inserted from the left femoral artery under local anesthesia. All distal pulses of the patient were palpable in the postoperative period. After the platelet count became >100,000 mm3, 100 mg of acetylsalicylic acid daily was added to the therapeutic dose of enoxaparin sodium treat-
ment. The patient was discharged, uneventfully, except for a minimal diameter increase secondary to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) on the fifth postoperative day, with a combination of enoxaparin and acetylsalicylic acid treatment. Endothelial injury, chronic immuno-thrombogenicity, and increased platelet aggregation in the post-Covid 19 recovery period can cause major thrombotic events, even weeks after the recovery. Anticoagulant therapy is recommended for thromboprophylaxis when the following statuses exist: ≥65 years, critical illness, cancer, prior VTE, thrombophilia, severe immobility, and elevated D-dimer. Combination treatment with long-term antiaggregant therapy may be prudent in thromboembolic events developed under anticoagulant therapy.

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Author Biographies

Ersin Çelik, Isparta City Hospital, Isparta, Turkey.

Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isparta City Hospital, Isparta, Turkey.

Ahmet Rıfkı Çora, Isparta City Hospital, Isparta, Turkey.

Clinic of Cardiovascular Surgery, Isparta City Hospital, Isparta, Turkey.

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Published
2022-05-30
How to Cite
Çelik, E., & Rıfkı Çora, A. (2022). Concomitant acute lower extremity arterial and deep vein thrombosis developing in a patient under anticoagulant therapy after COVID 19 infection.: Trombosis arterial aguda y trombosis venosa profunda concomitantes de extremidad inferior en un paciente bajo terapia anticoagulante después de infección por COVID 19. Investigación Clínica, 63(2), 163-169. https://doi.org/10.54817/IC.v63n2a06