Comparison of psychosocial factors in university students from Loreto, Ancash, Moquegua and Puno confinement by Covid-19, Peru

  • Cynthia M. Apaza-Panca National Border University. Sullana
  • Pedro J. Maquera-Luque University of Moquegua
  • José O. Huanca-Frías National University of Juliaca.
  • Luis A. Supo-Quispe Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno. Perú
  • Anthony P. Távara-Ramos National Border University. Sullana. Peru
  • William R. Dextre-Martínez Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo National University
  • Omar A. Saldaña-Acosta National University of the Peruvian Amazon
Keywords: anxiety, COVID-19, depression, stress, psychosocial factors

Abstract

The study was carried out with the objective of comparing and analyzing psychosocial factors such as stress, depression and anxiety in undergraduate university students from Loreto, Ancash, Moquegua and Puno during confinement by Covid-19, Peru. The study was based on a non-experimental, quantitative-descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational design with non-probability and intentional sampling, an online survey was applied to a sample of 665 undergraduate students using validated instruments such as the List of Indicators of Vulnerability to stress, the Zung Depression Scale, and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. The study reports vulnerability to stress in 50.8%, 46.3%, 36.4% and 37.5% in Loreto, Ancash, Moquegua and Puno. The prevalence of depression was 100.0%, 97.6%, 96.9% and 95.2% between mild, moderate and severe; likewise, 100.0% presented anxiety symptoms. It was concluded that a situation of obligatory social confinement is directly related to the presence of stress, depression and anxiety, particularly in undergraduate university students, affecting a greater proportion of women; of these between 19 and 22 years, and with a higher incidence in regions with a greater number of confirmed cases; where insomnia, worry and irritability are the most significant symptoms.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Cynthia M. Apaza-Panca, National Border University. Sullana
Research Teacher, University Teacher. National Border University. Sullana. Peru
Pedro J. Maquera-Luque, University of Moquegua
University Teacher. National University of Moquegua. Moquegua. Peru
José O. Huanca-Frías, National University of Juliaca.
University Teacher. National University of Juliaca. Puno. Peru
Luis A. Supo-Quispe, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno. Perú

Docente Universitario. Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno. Perú

Anthony P. Távara-Ramos, National Border University. Sullana. Peru
University Teacher. National Border University. Sullana. Peru
William R. Dextre-Martínez, Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo National University
University Teacher. Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo National University
Omar A. Saldaña-Acosta, National University of the Peruvian Amazon
University Teacher. National University of the Peruvian Amazon

References

AYALA, A; PUJOL, R; ABELLÁN, A. 2018. "Prevalencia de personas mayores confinadas en su hogar en España". En: Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semerg.2018.07.001. Fecha de consulta: 15/07/2020.

BEDOYA-LAU, Francisco; N., MATOS, Luis J; ZELAYA, Elena C. 2014. "Niveles de estrés académico , manifestaciones psicosomáticas y estrategias de afrontamiento en alumnos de la facultad de medicina de una universidad privada de Lima en el año 2012" En: Revista de Neuro-psiquiatria. Disponible en línea. En: DOI: https://doi.org/10.20453/rnp.v77i4.2195. Fecha de consulta: 15/07/2020.

CHOI, Hye Jeong; WESTON, Rebecca; TEMPLE, Jeff R. 2017. "A Three-Step Latent Class Analysis to Identify How Different Patterns of Teen Dating Violence and Psychosocial Factors Influence Mental Health" In: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0570-7. Fecha de consulta: 15/10/2020.

DUCHAINE, Caroline. S; NDJABOUÉ, Ruth; LEVESQUE, Manon; VÉZINA, Michel; TRUDEL, Xavier; GILBERT-OUIMET, Mahée; DIONNE, Clermont E; MÂSSE, Benoît; PEARCE, Neil; BRISSON, Chantal. 2017. "Psychosocial work factors and social inequalities in psychological distress: A population-based study". In: BMC Public Health. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4014-4. Fecha de consulta: 14/09/2018.

EGAN, Matt; TANNAHILL, Carol; PETTICREW, Mark; THOMAS, Sian. 2008. "Psychosocial risk factors in home and community settings and their associations with population health and health inequalities: A systematic meta-review" In: BMC Public Health. Disponible en línea. En:doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-239. Fecha de consulta: 14/09/2018.

GONZÁLES Llaneza, Felicia M. 2007. "Instrumentos de Evaluación Psicológica". Diponible en línea. En: http://newpsi.bvs-psi.org.br/ebooks2010/en/Acervo_files/InstrumentosEvaluacionPsicologica.pdf. Fecha de consulta: 06/05/2020.

HAMILTON, Max. 1959. "The assessment of anxiety states by rating" En: British Journal of Medical Psychology. Diponible en línea. En: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x. Fecha de consulta: 06/05/2020.

HARAPAN, Harapan; ITOH, Naoya; YUFIKA, Amanda; WINARDI, Wira; KEAM, Synat; TE, Haypheng; MEGAWATI, Dewi; HAYATI, Zinatul; WAGNER, Abram L; MUDATSIR, Mudatsir. 2020. "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review". In: Journal of Infection and Public Health. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JIPH.2020.03.019. Fecha de consulta: 08/05/2020.

HERNÁNDEZ SAMPIERI, Roberto; FERNÁNDEZ, COLLADO, Carlos; BAPTISTA LUCIO, Maria. 2010. Metodología de la investigación.5ta.ed.. McGraw Hill. México D.F., México.

HO, C. Sirus; YI CHEE, Cornelia; CM HO, Roger 2020. "Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Beyond Paranoia and Panic" In: Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore. Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 1-3.

RIVAS ACUÑA, Valentina; JIMÉNEZ PALMA, Claudia del Carmen; MÉNDEZ MÉNDEZ, Hugo Arturo; CRUZ ARCEO, María de los Ángeles; MAGAÑA CASTILLO, Margarita; VICTORINO BARRA, Arminda. 2014. "Frecuencia e Intensidad del Estrés en Estudiantes de Licenciatura en Enfermería de la DACS" En: Horizonte Sanitario. Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 162-169.

JIMÉNEZ-PAVÓN, David; CARBONELL-BAEZA, Ana; LAVIE, Carlo J. 2020. "Physical exercise as therapy to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people" In: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.009. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

JUNG, Sun Jae; JUN, Jin Yong. 2020. "Mental health and psychological intervention amid COVID-19 outbreak: Perspectives from South Korea" In: Yonsei Medical Journal. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2020.61.4.271. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

KLOMEK, Anat Brunstein. 2020. "Suicide prevention during the COVID-19 outbreak". In: The Lancet Psychiatry. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30142-5. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

MAGUIÑA Ciro. 2020. "Reflexiones sobre el COVID-19, el Colegio Médico del Perú y la Salud Pública". In: National Forest Inventories: Assessment of Wood Availability and Use. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44015-6_33. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

MAMUN, Mohammed. A; GRIFFITHS, Mark D. 2020. "First COVID-19 suicide case in Bangladesh due to fear of COVID-19 and xenophobia: Possible suicide prevention strategies" In: Asian Journal of Psychiatry. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102073. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

MUKHTAR, Sonia. 2020. "Mental Health and Psychosocial Aspects of Coronavirus Outbreak in Pakistan: Psychological Intervention for Public Mental Health Crisis". In: Asian Journal of Psychiatry. Diponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102069. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

NISHIURA, Hiroshi; JUNG, Sung-mok; LINTON, Natalie M; KINOSHITA, Ryo; YANG, Yichi; HAYASHI, Katsuma; KOBAYASHI, Tetsuro; YUAN, Baojin; AKHMETZHANOV, Andrei R. 2020. "The Extent of Transmission of Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China, 2020" In: Journal of Clinical Medicine. Diponible en línea. En: doi: doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020330. Fecha de consulta: 12/10/2020.

OMS. 2020. Redacción Médica. Disponible en línea. En: https://www.redaccionmedica.com/secciones/sanidad-hoy/coronavirus-pandemia-brote-de-covid-19-nivel-mundial-segun-oms-1895. Fecha de consulta: 12/03/2020.

PALACIOS Cruz, M., SANTOS, E., VELÁZQUEZ Cervantes, M. A., & León Juárez, M. 2020. "COVID-19, una emergencia de salud pública mundial" En: Revista Clínica Española. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rce.2020.03.001. Fecha de consulta: 12/03/2020.

PRESINDENCIA DEL CONSEJO DE MINISTROS GOBIERNO DE PERÚ. 2020. Decreto Supremo Nº 044-2020-PCM. Decreto Supremo que declara Estado de Emergencia Nacional por las graves circunstancias que afectan la vida de la Nación a consecuencia del brote del Covid-19., pp. 10-13. Disponible en línea. En: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/pcm/normas-legales/460472-044-2020-pcm. Fecha de consulta: 16/03/2020

PRESINDENCIA DEL CONSEJO DE MINISTROS GOBIERNO DE PERÚ 2020. Decreto Supremo que prorroga el Estado de Emergencia Nacional por las graves circunstancias que afectan la vida de la Nación a consecuencia del Covid-19. Decreto Supremo Nº075-2020-PCM. Disponible en línea. En: https://busquedas.elperuano.pe/normaslegales/decreto-supremo-que-prorroga-el-estado-de-emergencia-naciona-decreto-supremo-n-135-2020-pcm-1874483-1/ Fecha de consulta: 04/05/2020

PLATAFORMA DIGITAL ÚNICA DEL ESTADO PERUANO. 2020. Coronavirus en el Perú: casos confirmados. Disponible en línea. En: https://covid19.minsa.gob.pe/sala_situacional.asp. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020

QIU, Jianyin; SHEN, Bin; ZHAO, Min; WANG, Zhen; XIE, Bin; XU, Yifeng. 2020. "A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the Covid-19 epidemic: Implications and policy recommendations". In: General Psychiatry. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020

SOOD, Sadhika. 2020. "Psychological effects of the Coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic" In: Research & Humanities in Medical Education. Disponible en línea. En: https://www.rhime.in/ojs/index.php/rhime/article/view/264. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020.

VALERO-CEDEÑO, Nereida J; MINA-ORTIZ, Jhon Bryan; VELIZ-CASTRO, Teresa I. MERCHÁN-VILLAFUERTE, Karina M; PEROZO-MENA, A.rmindo J. 2020. "Covid-19: La nueva pandemia con muchas lecciones y nuevos retos. Revisión Narrativa". En: Kasmera. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3745322. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020


WANG, Cuiyan; PAN, Riyu; WAN, Xiaoyang; TAN, Yilin; XU, Linkang; MCINTYRE, Roger S; CHOO, Faith N; TRAN, Bach; HO, Roger; SHARMA, Vijay. K; HO, Cyrus. 2020. "A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China". In: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.028. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020

XIE, Mingxuan; CHEN, Qiong. 2020. "Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus an updated intrim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV" In: International Journal of Infectious Diseases. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJID.2020.03.071. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020.

YANG, Yuan; LI, Wen; ZHANG, Qinge; ZHANG, Ling; CHEUNG, Teris; XIANG, Yu-Tao. 2020. "Mental health services for older adults in China during the Covid-19 outbreak" In: The Lancet Psychiatry. Disponible en línea. En: DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30079-1. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020.

YUAN, Shuai; LIAO, Zhenxin; HUANG, Haojie; JIANG, Boyue; ZHANG, Xueyan; WANG, Yingwen; ZHAO, Mingyi. 2020. "Comparison of the Indicators of Psychological Stress in the Population of Hubei Province and Non-Endemic Provinces in China During Two Weeks During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in February 2020". In: Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research. Disponible en línea. En: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32294078/. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020.

ZHOU, Xiaobo 2020. "Psychological crisis interventions in Sichuan Province during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak" In: Psychiatry Research. Disponible en línea. En: DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112895. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020.

ZHU, Shen; WU, Yue; ZHU, Chun-yan; HONG, Wan-chu; YU, Zhi-xi; CHEN, Zhi-ke; JIANG, De-guo; WANG, Yong-guang. 2020. "The immediate mental health impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic among people with or without quarantine managements". In: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. Disponible en línea. En: doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.045. Fecha de consulta: 23/05/2020.


ZUNG, William W. K. 1965. "A self-rating depression scale". In: Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, pp. 63-70. Fecha de consukta: 20/04/2020.
Published
2021-03-06
How to Cite
Apaza-Panca, C. M., Maquera-Luque, P. J., Huanca-Frías, J. O., Supo-Quispe, L. A., Távara-Ramos, A. P., Dextre-Martínez, W. R., & Saldaña-Acosta, O. A. (2021). Comparison of psychosocial factors in university students from Loreto, Ancash, Moquegua and Puno confinement by Covid-19, Peru. Political Questions, 39(68), 51-69. Retrieved from https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/cuestiones/article/view/35395
Section
Política Latinoamericana