Criminal liability for humanitarian aid embezzlement during war: The case of Ukraine

Responsabilidad penal por malversación de ayuda humanitaria durante la guerra: el caso de Ucrania

• Dmitriy Kamensky Berdyansk State Pedagogical University (Berdyansk, Ukraine). https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-2514
• Oleksandr Dudorov Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine). https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-0681
• Andrii Savchenko National Academy of Internal Affairs (Kyiv, Ukraine). https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2101-296X
• Roman Movchan Donetsk National University named after Vasyl Stus, Vinnitsa, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2074-8895
• Yuliia Danylevska Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Kropivnitskiy, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1893-8473

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4177.50

Palabras clave: ayuda humanitaria, donaciones caritativas, apropiación indebida de ayuda humanitaria, malversación de fondos, responsabilidad penal por malversación

Resumen

El objetivo del artículo fue revelar el contenido de los elementos controvertidos del uso ilegal de la ayuda humanitaria, previsto en el artículo 201-2 del Código Penal de Ucrania; aclarar la validez de la introducción de esta prohibición y, además, discutir su impacto en la aplicación de la ley. Todo lo cual para poder determinar las perspectivas de desarrollo del derecho penal en la materia. En el artículo se han utilizado varios métodos de investigación, tales como: comparado, sistémico-estructural y jurídico-formal. La remisión a la base metodológica adecuada ha permitido profundizar en las cuestiones de la responsabilidad penal por malversación de fondos de ayuda humanitaria en Ucrania. Basándose en los resultados del análisis comparativo, se ha observado que no existen disposiciones especiales sobre la apropiación y  malversación de artículos de ayuda humanitaria en la legislación de ciertos Estados europeos. Como conclusión se ha argumentado que la introducción del articulo 201-2 en el Código Penal, es un ejemplo de criminalización excesiva porque: en este caso, el acto, que es inherente a la nocividad social necesaria para la criminalización, no requería la criminalización, puesto que la responsabilidad penal por ello ya ha existido y está ampliamente tipificada en la ley.

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