Modern methods of preventing crimes related to the excess of power or official authority in the system of law enforcement agencies
Métodos modernos de prevención de delitos relacionados con el exceso de poder o autoridad oficial en el sistema de las fuerzas del orden
Palabras clave:
agente de la ley, exceso de poder, principios legales, medidas preventivas, experiencia internacional
Resumen
El objetivo de la investigación fue el examen de los métodos modernos de prevención de delitos relacionados con el exceso de poder o autoridad oficial en el sistema de las fuerzas del orden. La base metodológica del estudio fue el método dialéctico del conocimiento científico, como principal método de análisis objetivo y exhaustivo. En los resultados se destaca que, en los últimos ocho años, en Ucrania se dictaron 391 sentencias, 4258 decisiones sobre actuaciones procesales durante el examen de los delitos previstos en el artículo 365 del Código Penal de Ucrania. El estudio del Registro Estatal Unificado de Decisiones Judiciales muestra que el mayor número de veredictos se pronunció en 2014 - 78, en 2015 - 58, en 2016 - 50, en 2017- 46, el menor número en 2018 - 28, en 2019 el doble en comparación con el año anterior - 46, en 2020 - 38, en 2021 - 47. Todo permite concluir que, las medidas para prevenir los delitos relacionados con el abuso de poder deben ser integrales. En particular, deben estar efectivamente correlacionadas con el marco legislativo de la política de protección y prevención del Estado, que significan la base esencial de toda democracia sustantiva.
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MAKAROV, Andrey; PROTASEVICH, Alecsandr; ZHUKOVA, Alecsandra. 2019. “The special subject of the crime” In: All-Russian Criminological Journal. Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 980-991.
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ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF UKRAINE. 2016. “On Approval of the Regulation on the Organization of Initial Professional Training of Police Officers First Recruited to the Police” of 16.02.2016 № 105. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0576- 16#Text. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF UKRAINE. 2018. “On Approval of the Concept of Implementing a Three-Tier Model of Police Training” of 29.01.2018 №. 51. Available online. In: https://www. naiau.kiev.ua/terminovo/koncepciya-zaprovadzhennya-tririvnevoyi- modeli-pidgotovki-policejskih.pdf. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS. 2009. “On the organization of initial training of employees of internal affairs bodies of Ukraine” of 24.04.2009 №. 177. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/rada/show/v0177320-09#Text. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, THE GENERAL PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE, THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF UKRAINE. 1996. “On Approval of the Regulation on the Application of the Law of Ukraine On the Procedure for Compensation for Damage Caused to a Citizen by Unlawful Actions of Bodies of Inquiry, Preliminary Investigation, Prosecution and Court” of 04.03.1996, No. 6/5/3/41. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0106-96#Text. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
PASEKA, Oleg. 2017. “Criminal liability for abuse of power or official authority by a law enforcement officer under the Criminal Code of Ukraine: basic theoretical and applied problems” In: Scientific Bulletin of Lviv State University of Internal Affairs. Legal series. No. 3, pp. 166-175.
SMERNYTSKYI, Demian; ZAICHKO, Kostiantyn; ZHVANKO, Yurii; BAKAL, Malvina. 2021. “Comparative analysis of the legislative support for law enforcement agencies in the post-soviet space and Europe” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 39, No. 70, pp. 524-547.
SUSHYTSKA, Yulia; KUSHNIR, Daryia. 2021. Legal culture of law enforcement officers. Some aspects. Available online. In: https://conf.ztu.edu.ua/wp- content/uploads/2021/10/39.pdf. Consultation date: 06/11/2022.
THE LAW OF UKRAINE. 1995. “On the Procedure for Compensation for Damage Caused to a Citizen by Unlawful Actions of Bodies Carrying Out Operational and Investigative Activities, Pre-trial Investigation Bodies, Prosecutor’s Office and Court”, of 01.12.94 № 267/94-ВР (entered into force on 17.01.1995). Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/266/94-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 29/11/2022.
UNIFIED STATE REGISTER OF COURT DECISIONS. 2022. Available online. In: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
UNITED NATIONS DIGITAL LIBRARY SYSTEM (UNODS). 2019. Topic three - The general principles of use of force in law enforcement. Available online. In: https://www-unodc-org.translate.goog/e4j/zh/crime- prevention-criminal-justice/module-4/key-issues/3--the-general- principles-of-use-of-force-in-law-enforcement.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_ tr_tl=uk&_x_tr_hl=uk&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
UNITED NATIONS. 1990. Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders. Available online. In: https://www-ohchr-org.translate.goog/en/instruments- mechanisms/instruments/basic-principles-use-force-and-firearms-law-enforcement?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=ru&_x_tr_hl=ru&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
WEISBURD, David; GREENSPAN, Rosann; HAMILTON, Edwin; BRYANT, Kellie; WILLIAMS, Hubert. 2015. The abuse of police authority: A national study of police officers’ attitudes. National Policing Institute. Available online. In: https://www.policinginstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Weisburd-et-al.-2001-The-Abuse-of-Police- Authority.pdf. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
CHUBENKO, Anton; LOSHITSKYI, Mikhail; PAVLOV, Dmytro; BYCHKOVA, Svitlana; Yunin Oleg. 2018. Terminological dictionary on prevention and counteraction to legalization (laundering) of proceeds of crime, terrorism financing, financing of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and corruption. Kyiv, Ukraine.
COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 2021. Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the European Code of Police Ethics. Available online. In:https://hrea.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/ Recommendation-Rec200110_European-Code-of-Police-Ethics_ Ukrainian.pdf. Consultation date: 03/11/2022.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. 2022. Conduct of law enforcement agencies. U.S. Available online. In: https://www.justice.gov/crt/conduct-law- enforcement-agencies. Consultation date: 09/11/2022.
GARY, Marx.1995. “Police and Democracy”. Slightly longer version of an article in. The Encyclopedia of Democracy. Available online. In: https:// web-mit-edu.translate.goog/gtmarx/www/poldem.html?_x_tr_ sch=http&_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=ru&_x_tr_hl=ru&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
HOME OFFICE. 2022. England and Wales: 31 March 2021 second edition. Available online. In: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ police-workforce-england-and-wales-31-march-2021/police-workforce- england-and-wales-31-march-2021. Consultation date: 09/11/2022.
IGM. 2021. We won’t stop until police are protectors from violence and not perpetrators of it. Available online. In: https://www-ijm-org.translate. goog/our-work/police-abuse-power?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=ru&_x_ tr_hl=ru&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
INFORMATION AND CONSULTING PLATFORM. 2018. Interpretation of the concepts of «official» and «official» used in the current legislation of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.help/article/tlumachennya- ponyat-sluzhbova-osoba-i-posadova. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
KARPENKO, Oleksandr; ZELENSKY, Evgen. 2020. “The phenomenon of mentoring in the national police of Ukraine” Legal scientific electronic journal. Available online. In: http://lsej.org.ua/8_2020/71.pdf. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
KHAVRONIUK, Myhailo. 2014. Scientific conclusion on the method of application of the Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to the Criminal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding the implementation of the provisions” of Article 19 of the UN Convention against Corruption in the national legislation of February 21, 2014 № 746-VII. Available online. In: http://pravo.org.ua/ua/news/5059. Consultation date: 03/11/2022.
KLYMENKO, Ivan. 2020. Assessment of the work of the National Police in 2020: results of a sociological study. Interfax-Ukraine. Available online. In: https://ua.interfax.com.ua/news/blog/731177.html. Consultation date: 01/11/2022.
KULBAEVA, Maksym; Akhpanov, Anton. 2022. Judicial Control over Criminally Remedial Measures of Restriction in Kazakhstan: Analysis and Evaluation of Draft Law of a New Three-Tier Model 4 (16). Access to Justice in Eastern Europe 1-18.
LOURENS, Regina. 2022. Lawrence Making a Problem of Brutality. Oxford University Press. Available online. In: https://academic-oup-com.translate.goog/book/44514/chapter/376501727?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_ tl=uk&_x_tr_hl=uk&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 06/11/2022.
MAKAROV, Andrey; PROTASEVICH, Alecsandr; ZHUKOVA, Alecsandra. 2019. “The special subject of the crime” In: All-Russian Criminological Journal. Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 980-991.
MILIUKOV, Sergey 2021. “Non-obvious solutions to the problems of forceful counteraction to crime” In: All-Russian Criminological Journal. Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 36-45.
NESTERENKO, Anna; MARYNIAK, Nataliia; TRUSH, Marta; YESIMOV, Serhii; BOHIV; Yaryna; PERVII, Vita. 2021. “Comparative analysis of the essence of abuse of power in international legal sciences and Ukraine” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 39, No. 70, pp. 640-648.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF UKRAINE. 2016. “On Approval of the Regulation on the Organization of Initial Professional Training of Police Officers First Recruited to the Police” of 16.02.2016 № 105. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0576- 16#Text. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF UKRAINE. 2018. “On Approval of the Concept of Implementing a Three-Tier Model of Police Training” of 29.01.2018 №. 51. Available online. In: https://www. naiau.kiev.ua/terminovo/koncepciya-zaprovadzhennya-tririvnevoyi- modeli-pidgotovki-policejskih.pdf. Consultation date: 11/11/2022.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS. 2009. “On the organization of initial training of employees of internal affairs bodies of Ukraine” of 24.04.2009 №. 177. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/rada/show/v0177320-09#Text. Consultation date: 10/11/2022.
ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, THE GENERAL PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE, THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF UKRAINE. 1996. “On Approval of the Regulation on the Application of the Law of Ukraine On the Procedure for Compensation for Damage Caused to a Citizen by Unlawful Actions of Bodies of Inquiry, Preliminary Investigation, Prosecution and Court” of 04.03.1996, No. 6/5/3/41. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0106-96#Text. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
PASEKA, Oleg. 2017. “Criminal liability for abuse of power or official authority by a law enforcement officer under the Criminal Code of Ukraine: basic theoretical and applied problems” In: Scientific Bulletin of Lviv State University of Internal Affairs. Legal series. No. 3, pp. 166-175.
SMERNYTSKYI, Demian; ZAICHKO, Kostiantyn; ZHVANKO, Yurii; BAKAL, Malvina. 2021. “Comparative analysis of the legislative support for law enforcement agencies in the post-soviet space and Europe” In: Cuestiones Políticas. Vol. 39, No. 70, pp. 524-547.
SUSHYTSKA, Yulia; KUSHNIR, Daryia. 2021. Legal culture of law enforcement officers. Some aspects. Available online. In: https://conf.ztu.edu.ua/wp- content/uploads/2021/10/39.pdf. Consultation date: 06/11/2022.
THE LAW OF UKRAINE. 1995. “On the Procedure for Compensation for Damage Caused to a Citizen by Unlawful Actions of Bodies Carrying Out Operational and Investigative Activities, Pre-trial Investigation Bodies, Prosecutor’s Office and Court”, of 01.12.94 № 267/94-ВР (entered into force on 17.01.1995). Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/266/94-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 29/11/2022.
UNIFIED STATE REGISTER OF COURT DECISIONS. 2022. Available online. In: https://reyestr.court.gov.ua/. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
UNITED NATIONS DIGITAL LIBRARY SYSTEM (UNODS). 2019. Topic three - The general principles of use of force in law enforcement. Available online. In: https://www-unodc-org.translate.goog/e4j/zh/crime- prevention-criminal-justice/module-4/key-issues/3--the-general- principles-of-use-of-force-in-law-enforcement.html?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_ tr_tl=uk&_x_tr_hl=uk&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
UNITED NATIONS. 1990. Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials. Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders. Available online. In: https://www-ohchr-org.translate.goog/en/instruments- mechanisms/instruments/basic-principles-use-force-and-firearms-law-enforcement?_x_tr_sl=en&_x_tr_tl=ru&_x_tr_hl=ru&_x_tr_pto=sc. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
WEISBURD, David; GREENSPAN, Rosann; HAMILTON, Edwin; BRYANT, Kellie; WILLIAMS, Hubert. 2015. The abuse of police authority: A national study of police officers’ attitudes. National Policing Institute. Available online. In: https://www.policinginstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Weisburd-et-al.-2001-The-Abuse-of-Police- Authority.pdf. Consultation date: 30/11/2022.
Publicado
2023-03-03
Cómo citar
Horoshynskyi, O. (2023). Modern methods of preventing crimes related to the excess of power or official authority in the system of law enforcement agencies: Métodos modernos de prevención de delitos relacionados con el exceso de poder o autoridad oficial en el sistema de las fuerzas del orden. Cuestiones Políticas, 41(76), 735-752. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4176.43
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