Smuggling or violation of customs rules: actual questions of application of administrative and criminal liability

• Vadym Pidgorodynskyi National University «Odesa Law Academy» https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8133-6486
• Dmitriy Kamensky Berdyansk State Pedagogical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-2514
• Inna Bolokan Zaporizhzhia National University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1868-7552
• Tamara Makarenko Berdyansk State Pedagogical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2893-7789
• Hanna Samilo Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-8013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3970.48

Palabras clave: contrabando, delito, infracción, normas aduaneras, criminalización

Resumen

El artículo trata sobre las peculiaridades de la aplicación de la responsabilidad legal por el contrabando comercial de acuerdo con la legislación vigente de Ucrania. En particular, los autores del artículo
investigan la viabilidad de tipificar como delito el contrabando de una amplia gama de bienes, y no solo los retirados de la circulación de cosas y bosques, como consta en el Código Penal de Ucrania en este momento. Además de un análisis exhaustivo de la legislación actual de Ucrania, los autores llevaron a cabo un análisis comparativo de la legislación ucraniana con la legislación de otros países, lo que ayudó a evaluar objetivamente el estado de las cuestiones estudiadas en Ucrania. La metodología del
estudio incluye métodos científicos generales. Como resultado del estudio, los autores concluyeron que la tipificación como delito del contrabando comercial (en relación con riesgos adicionales de corrupción y un aumento de los organismos encargados de hacer cumplir la ley) es inapropiada. Por lo tanto, se propone dejar la legislación actual de Ucrania en la esfera de investigación en el estado actual y no realizar ningún cambio en ella.

Citas

DIRECTIVE № 2017/1371. 2017. European Union. Available online. In: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX% 3A32017L1371. Date of consultation: 12/02/2021.

DRAFT LAW No. 5420. 2021. On Amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine and Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine on the criminalization of smuggling of goods and excisable goods, as well as an inaccurate declaration of goods. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv. Ukraine. Available online. In: https://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/ webproc4_1?pf3511=71756. Date of consultation: 12/02/2021.

EUROPEAN COMMISSION. 1998. EU Customs blueprints. Available online. In: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/ad5f6272- 7687-11e5-86db-01aa75ed71a1. Date of consultation: 12/02/2021.

GRODETSKY, Yuri Vasilyevich. 2021. “Perspective on Criminalization of Smuggling of Goods” In: Herald of the Association of Criminal Law of Ukraine. Num 1, pp. 150-161. Available online. In: 10.21564/2311- 9640.2021.15.237373. Date of consultation: 12/02/2021.

ICDUYGU, Ahmet; TOKTAS, Sule. 2020. “Human Smuggling and Trafficking” In: International Migration. No. 40, pp. 25-54. Available online. In: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343008167_Human_ Smuggling_and_Trafficking. Date of consultation: 12/10/2020.

INTERNATIONAL RENAISSANCE FOUNDATION. 2020. Is the criminalization of commodity smuggling necessary? Available online. In: https://rpr.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/RR_Goods_ smuggling_1.pdf. Date of consultation: 12/10/2020.

KEMP, Paul., & GALEMBA, Rebecca. 2020. “Illicit Trade and Smuggling” In: Oxford Bibliographies Online. Available online. In: 10.1093/obo/9780199743292-0295. https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/ view/document/obo-9780199743292/obo-9780199743292-0295.xml. Date of consultation: 12/10/2020.

KHARYTONOV, Evgen, KHARYTONOVA, Olena, KOLODIN, Denis, & TKALYCH, Maxym. 2020. “The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Rights of the Individual in Terms of Private and Public Law” In: Ius Humani. Law Journal. Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 225-250. Available online. In: https://doi. org/10.31207/ih.v9i2.253. Date of consultation: 23/11/2020.

KULISH, Anatolii, Volodymyr CHUMAK, Roman CHERNYSH, Oleksandr KHAN, and Roman HAVRIK. 2020. “Measures to Combat Smuggling and Corruption in the Customs Clearance of Commercial Goods in Ukraine” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 9, No. 30, pp. 99-110. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.30.06.10. Date of consultation: 23/11/2020.

KURYLIUK, Yurii, and Serhii KHALYMON. 2020. “Criminal Profile of Migrants’ Smuggler across the State Border of Ukraine” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 9, No. 27, pp. 195-208. Available online. In: https://doi. org/10.34069/AI/2020.27.03.21. Date of consultation: 23/11/2020.

LAW No. 2341-II. 2001. Criminal Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv. Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon. rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14/conv#n2649. Date of consultation: 23/11/2020.

LAW No. 4495-VI. 2012. Customs Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv. Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada. gov.ua/laws/show/4495-17#Text. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.

LAW No. 930. 1999. Criminal Finance Code. Kancelaria Sejm, 1, Warsaw, Poland. Available online. In: https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/ download.xsp/WDU19990830930/U/D19990930Lj.pdf. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.

MIR AKMAM, Noor Rashid., & YUSLAN, Siti. 2019. “International law of smuggling” In: International Journal of Law Reconstruction. Vol 3, No, 2, pp. 96-109. Available online. In: DOI: 10.26532/ijlr.v3i2.7792. https:// www.researchgate.net/publication/341390400_INTERNATIONAL_ LAW_OF_SMUGGLING. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020. RESOLUTION No. 8. 2005. On judicial practice in cases of smuggling and violation of customs rules. Bulletin of the Supreme Court of Ukraine, Kyiv. Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/v0008700-05#Text. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.

SARAPINAS,Vitalius.2020.WhysmugglingiscriminalizedintheEUandcustoms has law enforcement functions. In: Economic truth. Available online. In: https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2020/12/10/669042/. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.

SHUSTROVA, Kateryna; BOHATYROVA, Mariia. 2021. “Current issues against smuggling in Ukraine” In: Scientific works of the National University “Odesa Law Academy”. Num 28, pp. 145-151. Available online. In: https://doi.org/10.32837/npnuola.v28i0.708. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.

UNITED NATIONS. 1956. Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road. Available online. In: https://www.jus.uio.no/lm/un.cmr.road.carriage.contract.convention.1956/doc.html. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.

UNITED NATIONS. 2002. The International Convention on the simplification and harmonization of Customs procedures. Available online.In:http://www.wcoomd.org/en/topics/facilitation/instrument-and- tools/conventions/pf_revised_kyoto_conv.aspx. Date of consultation: 06/11/2020.