Condiciones objetivas para mejorar la protección de los derechos de los trabajadores migrantes en Ucrania

• Kozin Serhii Departamento de Teoría e Historia del Estado y Derecho de la Universidad Nacional de Ciencias de la Vida y el Medio Ambiente de Ucrania
• Kovach Denys Universidad Técnica Nacional de Agricultura
• Soroka Larysa Jefe del Instituto Científico de Derecho Público
• Lopatynska Iryna Instituto de Derecho de Donetsk del Ministerio del Interior de Ucrania
• Savytskyi Roman Instituto Científico de Derecho Público

Palabras clave: derechos humanos, trabajadores migrantes, políticas migratorias, garantías para la protección de derechos, realidad jurídica de Ucrania

Resumen

La investigación analiza las condiciones previas objetivas para mejorar la protección de los derechos de los trabajadores migrantes en Ucrania. La metodología de investigación incluyó la combinación dialéctica de herramientas como la observación documental y la hermenéutica jurídica. Entre los principales resultados destaca que: se analizaron los materiales estadísticos y las normas de la legislación vigente de Ucrania que rige los derechos de los trabajadores migrantes. Se determinaron los problemas relacionados con la implementación de los derechos de los trabajadores migrantes en Ucrania. Se identificaron los requisitos previos objetivos para mejorar la protección de los derechos de los trabajadores migrantes en Ucrania. Se señaló que la implementación de los derechos por parte de los trabajadores migrantes en el país depende de una serie de condiciones y, sobre todo, se trata de la especificidad de la regulación legal de este tema. Se concluye que la legislación ucraniana, ofrece garantías generales para prevenir la discriminación contra los inmigrantes en términos de ejercer su derecho al trabajo. Al mismo tiempo, la aplicación de los derechos de los inmigrantes en nuestro el país depende de una serie de condiciones objetivas y subjetivas que conviene debatir. 

Citas

BAREHAMIAN, Siuzanna. 2015. “International and constitutional guarantees for protection of the rights of citizens of Ukraine in the sphere of international labor” In: Scientific Bulletin of the International Humanities University. Series: Jurisprudence. Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 41 – 45.

BLYNOVA, Olena; POPOVYCH, Nataliia; SEMENOVA, Yevheniia; KASHYRINA, Olena; URSULENKO, Olena; KONONENKO, Oksana. 2020. “Personality Factors of Choosing Adaptation Strategies in a Different Cultural Environment by Labor Migrants from Ukraine” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 9, No. 32, pp. 45 – 54. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/1475. Consultation date: 03/10/2020.

BOHNING, Walter. 1988. “The protection of migrant workers and international labour standards” In: International migration. Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 133–146.

COUNCIL OF EUROPE. 1996. European Social Charter (Revised) of May 03, 1996. Available online. In: https://rm.coe.int/168007cf93. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

DYKA, Svitlana; YUSHKO, Alla. 2019. Labor rights of foreigners in Ukraine: the problems of their implementation (pp. 160 – 166). Presented at the 2nd Internet Conference “Modern problems of development of law and economy in innovative society: collection of scientific works”. Kharkiv, Ukraine.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION. 2014. Research on integration, hate crimes and discrimination against different categories of migrants. Available online. In: http://iom.org.ua/sites/default/files/ff_ukr_21_10_press.pdf. https://www.iom.org.ua/sites/default/files/study_0.pdf. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION. 2016. Migration in Ukraine: facts and figures Available online. In: http://iom.org.ua/sites/default/files/ff_ukr_21_10_press.pdf. https://www.iom.org.ua/sites/default/files/study_0.pdf. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

KELMAN, Lidiia. 2012. “Theoretical aspects of the right to work of foreigners in Ukraine” In: Scientific Bulletin of Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Series: Jurisprudence. No. 3, pp. 156–164.

KOVALENKO, Inna. 2018. “Legal regulation of labor of foreigners in Ukraine” (pp.61 – 64). Presented at the international scientific-practical conference “Ukraine in the system of modern international law and order and European integration: general theoretical and practical problems”. Kyiv, Ukraine.

KOZIN, Serhii. 2020. “On the issue of international-legal protection of migrants’ labor rights” In: Entrepreneurship, Economy and Law. No. 20, pp. 104 – 109.

KOZIN, Serhii; TATAROVA, Tetiana; KORZH-IKAIEVA, Taisiia; SOKURENKO, Olena; MALTSEV, Vitalii. 2020. “Description of the legal basis for the protection of labor rights of migrants” In: Cuestiones Politicas. Vol. 38, No. Especial, pp. 546 – 557. Available online. In: https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/cuestiones/article/view/34719/36628. Consultation date: 03/10/2020.

LEVENETS, Anzhela. 2014. “Constitutional rights of foreigners in Ukraine: legislative regulation and problems of implementation” In: Market economy: modern theory and practice of management. Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 225 – 234.

MERLINO, Massimo; PARKIN, Joanna. 2010. Fundamental and Human Rights Framework: Protecting Irregular Migrants in the EU: Report. Centre for European Policy Study (CEPS). Brussels, Belgium.

ORDER OF THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE. 2017. (1), April 12. Action Plan to ensure the reintegration into society of migrant workers and their families. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of April 12, 2017 no. 257-r. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/257-2017-%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 18/07/2020.

ORDER OF THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE. 2017. (2), July 12. Strategy of State Migration Policy for the period up to 2025. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of July 12, 2017 no. 482-r Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/482-2017-%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 18/07/2020.

SAKHARUK, Iryna; BATYCHENKO, Svitlana; DERII, Olena; KRYZHEVSKYI, Anton; MAGOMEDOVA, Alina; POHORIELOVA, Oleksandra. 2020. “Main trends in development of migration policy in Ukraine” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 9, No. 26, pp. 372-382. Available online. In: https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/1167/1057. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

SALVE, W.N. 2009. Labour Rights and Labour Standards for Migrant Labour in India. Available online. In: www.oit.org/legacy/english/protection/travail/pdf/rdwpaper22a.pdf. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

SÖNMEZ, Sevil; APOSTOPOULOS, Yorghos; TRAN, Diane; RENTROPE, Shantyana. 2011. “Human rights and health disparities for migrant workers in the UAE” In: Health and Human Rights. Vol. 13, No. 2. Available online. In: https://www.hhrjournal.org/2013/08/human-rights-and-health-disparities-for-migrant-workers-in-the-uae/. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

SPITSYNA, Hanna. 2013. “Constitutional and legal guarantees of labor rights of foreigners and stateless in Ukraine” In: Collection of scientific works of H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University", Series: Law. No. 20, pp. 24 – 30.

LAW OF UKRAINE. 2020. Law 322-VIII/1971, December 10, Labor Code of Ukraine. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/322-08#Text. Consultation date: 21/12/2020.

LAW OF UKRAINE. 1996. Law 254k/96-VR/1996, June 28. The Constitution of Ukraine. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

LAW OF UKRAINE. 2012. Law 5067-VI/2012, July 05. On Employment. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5067-17#Text. Consultation date: 21/07/2020.

LAW OF UKRAINE. 2015. Law 761-VIII/2015, November 05. On International Labour Migration. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/761-19#n50. Consultation date: 18/07/2020.

YATSKEVYCH, Ivan. 2015. “Legal regulation of foreignners exercising the right to work in Ukraine” In: Journal of the National University “Ostroh Academy”, Series: Law. Vol. 2, No. 12. Available online. In: https://lj.oa.edu.ua/articles/2015/n2/15yiipvu.pdf. Consultation date: 18/07/2020.

VAGANOVA, Olga I; ILYASHENKO, Lyubov I; SMIRNOVA, Zhanna V; BYSTROVA, Natalia V; KAZNACHEEVA, Svetlana N. 2019. “Students’ creative abilities development in higher educational institution” In: Amazonia Investiga. Vol. 8, No 22, pp. 701-710.