Variação relacionada à idade e análise multivariada de características internas e externas de qualidade dos ovos em galinhas ISA Brown

• Douaa Amireche PADESCA Research Laboratory, University of Constantine 1, Institute of Veterinary Sciences El-Khroub, Constantine, Algeria https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4957-9557
• Nedjoua Arzour-Lakehal PADESCA Research Laboratory, University of Constantine 1, Institute of Veterinary Sciences El-Khroub, Constantine, Algeria https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2504-0882
• Asma Belagoune PADESCA Research Laboratory, University of Constantine 1, Institute of Veterinary Sciences El-Khroub, Constantine, Algeria https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5600-5616

Resumo

Este estudo avaliou variações relacionadas à idade nos parâmetros internos e externos da qualidade dos ovos de galinhas ISA Brown criadas em condições semiáridas na Argélia. As aves foram avaliadas em duas etapas produtivas: 5.977 no pico de postura (25–30 semanas) e 5.430 na fase final (75–80 semanas). Um total de 360 ovos foi coletado (180 por etapa), à razão de 30 ovos por semana, selecionados ao acaso no início de cada semana. Foram medidos o peso do ovo, a espessura da casca, o índice de forma, os índices de gema e albúmen, a unidade Haugh e a coloração da gema. Utilizou-se uma análise de variância de uma via (ANOVA) para detectar diferenças relacionadas à idade, correlação de Pearson para examinar inter-relações entre os traços e análise de componentes principais (PCA) para identificar padrões gerais associados à idade. Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre as duas etapas de postura. Os ovos do pico apresentaram melhor qualidade interna, especialmente na altura do albúmen e na unidades Haugh, enquanto os ovos da fase final apresentaram maior massa, porém menor integridade do albúmen. A espessura da casca e o formato da gema permaneceram relativamente estáveis. A análise de correlação revelou associações mais fortes entre os traços durante o pico de postura, que enfraqueceram com o avanço da idade. A PCA mostrou tendências contrastantes relacionadas à idade entre o tamanho do ovo e a qualidade interna: o tamanho do ovo aumentou com a idade, enquanto a qualidade interna diminuiu, enquanto os traços relacionados à casca e à gema permaneceram relativamente constantes. Os resultados deste estudo são aplicáveis a galinhas até 80 semanas de idade. Estudos adicionais que incluam ciclos produtivos mais longos são recomendados para verificar se esses padrões persistem além desse período.

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