Micobiota endofítica associada a plantas de Vaccinium corymbosum L. no vale do Cañete - Perú
Resumo
Os fungos endofíticos (FE) são microrganismos que vivem de forma assintomática nos tecidos vegetais. Eles podem conferir benefícios à planta, como indutores de resistência a pragas e doenças, tolerância a fatores abióticos, promotores de crescimento vegetal e micoparasitas de patógenos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar e identificar fungos endofíticos, para determinar sua frequência de aparecimento em caules e folhas de plantas de mirtilo, coletados em 10 fazendas na região de Lima e Ica, Peru. Ramos produtivos de 39 plantas sadias foram amostrados e levados ao laboratório de Fitossanidade da Universidade Nacional de Cañete. Para o isolamento de FE, 702 cortes de tecido vegetal foram desinfetados e transferidos para placas de Petri contendo como meio de cultura batata dextrose ágar (PDA), e as estruturas de reprodução foram induzidas para identificação. Um total de 134 cepas de FE foram isoladas, das quais nove gêneros foram identificados (Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Ulocladium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Nigrospora, Lasiodiplodia e Stemphylium). A frequência de aparecimento de FE foi muito variada de acordo com os órgãos. As folhas tiveram maior frequência do que os caules; da mesma forma, os gêneros Alternaria e Cladosporium foram os mais frequentes e com maior colonização nos tecidos vegetais, enquanto Aspergillus, Ulocladium e Lasiodiplodia, foram os menos frequentes. Essas cepas podem ser úteis para o controle de doenças de plantas e, portanto, de grande interesse uma agricultura sustentável.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2022 Betsabe Leon Ttacca; Almendra Astete Farfán; Luz Leonor Mattos Calderón; Enrique Arévalo Gardini
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