Frecuencias alélicas de genes asociados a rasgos productivos en cerdos sementales del occidente de México
Resumen
Los genes ESR1, PRLR y RYR1 han sido previamente asociados con rasgos de interés productivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las frecuencias alélicas de genes asociados a rasgos productivos en sementales de granjas porcícolas del Occidente de México. Se muestrearon 140 sementales de seis razas: Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, Piétrain, Yorkshire y cruces (Yorkshire/Landrace). Se genotipificó mediante las técnicas de reacción de cadena de polimerasa (PCR) y polimorfismos de longitud de fragmentos de restricción (RFLP). Se identificaron los dos alelos del gen ESR1 en las seis razas, pero sólo se genotipificaron homocigotos BB en cerdos Yorkshire (0,2) y sus cruces (0,05). Los alelos A y B del gen PRLR se identificaron en todas las razas estudiadas reconociendo una considerable variabilidad en las frecuencias alélicas. En razón a la diversidad alélica y en sus efectos evidenciados en publicaciones previas se sugiere evaluar la asociación de cada genotipo con los parámetros reproductivos que se desean mejorar para determinar que genotipo es más relevante en cada población. En el gen RYR1 se encontró el alelo mutante causante del PSS en todas las razas estudiadas, lo que puede generar cerdos con carne PSE. Se recomienda que la selección de sementales de cualquier raza que se utilizarán como reproductores incluya un test de genotipificación. El conocer los genotipos en cerdos sementales puede ser utilizado como una vía para la selección de mejores reproductores.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Miguel Ayala-Valdovinos, Jorge Galindo-García,Theodor Duifhuis-Rivera, Néstor Michel-Regalado, Abraham Virgen-Méndez, Luís García-Sánchez
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.