Allelic frequencies of genes associated with productive traits in western Mexican boars
Keywords:
genotyping, Sus scrofa domesticus, major genes
Abstract
The ESR1, PRLR, and RYR1 genes have previously been associated with traits of productive interest. The objective of this study was to determine the allelic frequencies of genes associated with productive traits in boars from pig farms in western Mexico. A total of 140 boars of six breeds, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, Piétrain, and Yorkshire, and Yorkshire/Landrace crosses were sampled. The pigs were genotyped via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. The two alleles of the ESR1 gene were identified in the six breeds, but only BB homozygotes were recognized in Yorkshire pigs (0.2) and their crosses (0.05). The A and B alleles of the PRLR gene were distinguished in all the breeds studied, recognizing a considerable variability in the allele frequencies. Due to the allelic diversity and its effects evidenced in previous publications, it is suggested to evaluate the association of each genotype with the reproductive parameters to be improved in order to determine which genotype is more relevant in each population. In the RYR1 gene, the mutant allele causing PSS was found in all the breeds studied, which can generate pigs with PSE meat. It is recommended that the selection of boars of any breed to be used as breeders includes a genotyping test. Knowing the genotypes in boars can be used as a way to select better breeders.
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References
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Ayala-Valdovinos, M. A., Galindo-García, J., Sánchez-Chiprés, D., & Duifhuis-Rivera, T. (2017). Genotyping of friesian horses to detect a hydrocephalus-associated c. 1423C> T mutation in B3GALNT2 using PCR-RFLP and PCR-PIRA methods: frequency in stallion horses in Mexico. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 32, 69-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2016.12.005
Baltian, L. R., Ripoli, M. V., Aida, Y., Takeshima, S., & Giovambattista, G. (2011). Estimación de las frecuencias alélicas del gen BoLA-DRB3 en una población de ganado Holstein de La Pampa mediante secuenciación directa. Ciencia Veterinaria, 13(1), 66-69. https://cerac.unlpam.edu.ar/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/1864
Davalos-Aranda, G., Maldonado-Mena, R., Garza-Zermeno, M. V., Cedillo-Rosales, S., Galan-Alejo, L. C., & Riojas-Valdés, V. M. (2010). Association among ryanodyn receptor and insulin-like growth factor genes with production traits in a commercial type swine population from Mexico. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9(3), 639-642. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20103116287
Drogemuller, C., Hamann, H., & Distl, O. (2001). Candidate gene markers for litter size in different german pig lines. Journal of Animal Science, 79(10), 2565-2570. https://doi.org/10.2527/2001.79102565x
Duifhuis-Rivera, T., Ayala-Valdovinos M. A., Sanchez-Chiprez, D. R., Galindo-Garcia J., Mejia-Martinez, K., Lemus-Avalos, G., Segura-Correa J. C., & Lemus-Flores C. (2019). Association of ESR1, FUT1, LEP and PRLR genes with some productive traits of yorkshire-landrace sows in Mexico. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 18(4), 132-138. https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.132.138
Epishko, O. A., Epishko, T. I., & Kalashnikova, L. A. (2009). Polygenic character of determination of reproductive traits of Belarus meat-type pig breed. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 35(2), 118-120. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367409020165
Fujii, J., Otsu, K., Zorzato, F., De Leon, S., Khanna, V. K., Weiler, J. E., O'Brien, P.J., & MacLennan, D. H. (1991). Identification of a mutation in porcine ryanodine receptor associated with malignant hyperthermia. Science, 253(5018), 448-451. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1862346
Goliášová, E., & Wolf, J. (2004). Impact of the ESR gene on litter size and production traits in Czech large white pigs. Animal Genetics, 35(4), 293-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01155.x
Guàrdia, M. D., Estany, J., Balasch, S., Oliver, M. A., Gispert, M., & Diestre, A. (2004). Risk assessment of PSE condition due to pre-slaughter conditions and RYR1 gene in pigs. Meat Science, 67(3), 471-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2003.11.020
Gunawan, A., Kaewmala, K., Uddin, M. J., Cinar, M. U., Tesfaye, D., Phatsara, C., Tholen, E., Looft, C., & Schellander, K. (2011). Association study and expression analysis of porcine ESR1 as a candidate gene for boar fertility and sperm quality. Animal Reproduction Science, 128(1-4), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.08.008
Hernández-López, S. H., Lemus-Flores, C., Alonso-Morales, R., & Herrera-Haro, J. G. (2006). Efecto de genes candidatos sobre características reproductivas de hembras porcinas. Revista Científica, 16(6), 648-654. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/959/95916612.pdf
Houde, A., Pommier, S. A., & Roy, R. (1993). Detection of the ryanodine receptor mutation associated with malignant hyperthermia in purebred swine populations. Journal of Animal Science, 71(6), 1414-1418. https://doi.org/10.2527/1993.7161414x
Hunyadi-Bagi, Á., Balogh, P., Nagy, K., & Kusza, S. (2016). Association and polymorphism study of seven candidate genes with reproductive traits in three pig breeds in Hungary. Acta Biochimica Polonica, 63(2), 359-364. https://doi.org/10.18388/abp.2015_1188
Kamiński, S., Ruść, A., & Wojtasik, K. (2002). Simultaneous identification of ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) and estrogen receptor (ESR) genotypes with the multiplex PCR-RFLP method in Polish Large White and Polish Landrace pigs. Journal of Applied Genetics, 43(3), 331-336. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12177522/
Kapelański, W., Eckert, R., Jankowiak, H., Mucha, A., Bocian, M., & Grajewska, S. (2013). Polymorphism of ESR, FSHß, RBP4, PRL, OPN genes and their influence on morphometric traits of gilt reproductive tract before sexual maturity. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 82(4), 369-374. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb201382040369
Kmieć, M., Dybus, A., & Terman, A. (2001). Prolactin receptor gene polymorphism and its association with litter size in Polish landrace. Archives Animal Breeding, 44(5), 547-552. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-44-547-2001
Kmieć, M., Drovak, J., Vrtkova, I. (2002). Study on a relation between estrogen receptor (ESR) gene polymorphism and some pig reproduction performance characters in Polish landrace breed. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 47(5), 1212-1819. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=b6771372e29b491184805b3bece70dce06199257
Kmieć, M., & Terman, A. (2006). Associations between the prolactin receptor gene polymorphism and reproductive traits of boars. Journal of Applied Genetics, 47(2), 139-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03194613
Lebret, B., & Čandek-Potokar, M. (2022). Pork quality attributes from farm to fork. Part II. Processed pork products. Animal, 16, 100383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2021.100383
Lemus-Flores, C., Mejia-Martinez, K., Rodriguez-Carpena, J. G., Barreras-Serrano, A., Herrera-Haro, J. G., & Alonso-Morales, R. (2009). Genetic diversity and variation of ESR, RBP4 and FUT1 genes in Mexican creole and yorkshire pig populations. Journal of Biological Sciences, 9(8), 878-883. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2009.878.883
Luerce, T. D., Galli, V., Cerqueira, G. M., Simionatto, S., & Dellagostin, O. A. (2009). An improved method for characterization of the mutation associated to porcine stress syndrome by PCR amplification followed by restriction analysis. Ciência Rural, 39(5), 1577-1580. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782009000500044
Menčik, S., Vuković, V., Modrić, M., Špehar, M., Ostović, M., Sušić, V., Štoković, I., Samardžija, M., & Kabalin, A. E. (2015). PRLR- AluI gene polymorphism and litter size traits in highly prolific line of topigs 20 sows. Acta Veterinaria, 65(4), 463-476. https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2015-0039
Mihailov, N. V., Usatov, A. V., Getmantseva, L. V., & Bakoev, S. U. (2014). Associations between PRLR/AluI gene polymorphism with reproductive, growth, and meat traits in pigs. Cytology and Genetics, 48(5), 323-326. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452714050053
Monin, G., Sellier, P., Ollivier, L., Goutepongea, R., & Girard, J.P. (1981). Carcass characteristics and meat quality of halothane positive and halothane negative Piétrain pigs. Meat Science, 5(6), 413-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(81)90040-1
Muñoz, G., Ovilo, C., Estellé, J., Silió, L., Fernández, A., & Rodriguez, C. (2007). Association with litter size of new polymorphisms on ESR1 and ESR2 genes in a Chinese-European pig line. Genetics Selection Evolution, 39(2), 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-39-2-195
O’Brien, P. J., Shen, H., Cory, C. R., & Zhang, X. (1993). Use of a DNA-based test for the mutation associated with porcine stress syndrome (malignant hyperthermia) in 10,000 breeding swine. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 203(6), 842-851. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1993.203.06.0842
Rempel, L. A., Nonneman, D. J., Wise, T. H., Erkens, T., Peelman, L. J., & Rohrer, G. A. (2010). Association analyses of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms on reproductive traits in swine. Journal of Animal Science, 88(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-1985
Riojas-Valdés, V. M., Canales-Zambrano, J. C., Gómez-de la Fuente, J. C., Dávalos-Aranda, G., Hernández-Vidal, G., & Salinas-Meléndez, J. A. (2005). Allele frequency of porcine stress syndrome in Nuevo Leon by PCR-RFLP analysis. Veterinaria México, 36(3), 261-267. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42336302
Rothschild, M. F., Larson, R. G., Jacobson, C., & Pearson, P. (1991). PvuII polymorphisms at the porcine oestrogen receptor locus (ESR). Animal Genetics, 22(5), 448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1991.tb00715.x
Rothschild, M., Jacobson, C., Vaske, D., Tuggle, C., Wang, L., Short, T., Eckardt, G., Sasaki, S., Vincent, A., McLaren, D., Southwood, O., Van der Steen, H., Mileham, A., & Plastow, G. (1996). The estrogen receptor locus is associated with a major gene influencing litter size in pigs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(1), 201-205. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.1.201
Sabev, Z. (2019). Prolactin receptor gene (PRLR) role in swine reproduction. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 17(1), 75. https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.01.012
Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural. (2020). NOM-060-SAG/ZOO-2020: Especificaciones zoosanitarias para la transformación de despojos animales y su empleo en la alimentación animal. https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5663772
Short, T. H., Rothschild, M. F., Southwood, O. I., McLaren, D. G., De Vries, A., Van der Steen, H., Eckardt, G. R., Tuggle, C. K., Helm, J., Vaske, D. A., Mileham, A. J., & Plastow, G. S. (1997). Effect of the estrogen receptor locus on reproduction and production traits in four commercial pig lines. Journal of Animal Science, 75(12), 3138-3142. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.75123138x
Tan, C., Bian, C., Yang, D., Li, N., Wu, Z. F., & Hu, X. X. (2017). Application of genomic selection in farm animal breeding. Yi Chuan, 39(11), 1033-1045. https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.17-286
Terman, A., Kmieć, M., & Polasik, D. (2006) Estrogen receptor gene (ESR) and semen characteristics of boars. Archives Animal Breeding, 49(1), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-49-71-2006
Vincent, A. L., Wang LizBen, W. L., Tuggle, C. K., Robic, A., & Rothschild, M. F. (1997). Prolactin receptor maps to pig chromosome. Mammalian Genome,16(8), 793–794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003359900576
Vincent, A. L., Tuggle, C. K., Rothschild, M. F., Evans, G., Short, T. H., Southwood, O. I., & Plastow, G. S. (1998). The prolactin receptor gene is associated with increased litter size in pigs. Proceedings 6th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, 27, 15–18. https://www.extension.iastate.edu/pages/ansci/swinereports/asl-1487.pdf
Wu, Z.F., Liu, D.W., Wang, Q.L., Zeng, H. Y., Chen, Y. S., & Zhang, H. (2006). Study on the association between estrogen receptor gene (ESR) and reproduction traits in Landrace pigs. Acta Genetica Sinica, 33(8), 711-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-4172(06)60103-0
Yin, C., Zhou, P., Wang, Y., Yin, Z., & Liu, Y. (2024). Using genomic selection to improve the accuracy of genomic prediction for multi-populations in pigs. Animal, 18(2), 101062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2023.101062
Ayala-Valdovinos, M. A., Galindo-García, J., Sánchez-Chiprés, D., & Duifhuis-Rivera, T. (2017). Genotyping of friesian horses to detect a hydrocephalus-associated c. 1423C> T mutation in B3GALNT2 using PCR-RFLP and PCR-PIRA methods: frequency in stallion horses in Mexico. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 32, 69-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2016.12.005
Baltian, L. R., Ripoli, M. V., Aida, Y., Takeshima, S., & Giovambattista, G. (2011). Estimación de las frecuencias alélicas del gen BoLA-DRB3 en una población de ganado Holstein de La Pampa mediante secuenciación directa. Ciencia Veterinaria, 13(1), 66-69. https://cerac.unlpam.edu.ar/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/1864
Davalos-Aranda, G., Maldonado-Mena, R., Garza-Zermeno, M. V., Cedillo-Rosales, S., Galan-Alejo, L. C., & Riojas-Valdés, V. M. (2010). Association among ryanodyn receptor and insulin-like growth factor genes with production traits in a commercial type swine population from Mexico. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 9(3), 639-642. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/20103116287
Drogemuller, C., Hamann, H., & Distl, O. (2001). Candidate gene markers for litter size in different german pig lines. Journal of Animal Science, 79(10), 2565-2570. https://doi.org/10.2527/2001.79102565x
Duifhuis-Rivera, T., Ayala-Valdovinos M. A., Sanchez-Chiprez, D. R., Galindo-Garcia J., Mejia-Martinez, K., Lemus-Avalos, G., Segura-Correa J. C., & Lemus-Flores C. (2019). Association of ESR1, FUT1, LEP and PRLR genes with some productive traits of yorkshire-landrace sows in Mexico. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 18(4), 132-138. https://doi.org/10.36478/javaa.2019.132.138
Epishko, O. A., Epishko, T. I., & Kalashnikova, L. A. (2009). Polygenic character of determination of reproductive traits of Belarus meat-type pig breed. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 35(2), 118-120. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367409020165
Fujii, J., Otsu, K., Zorzato, F., De Leon, S., Khanna, V. K., Weiler, J. E., O'Brien, P.J., & MacLennan, D. H. (1991). Identification of a mutation in porcine ryanodine receptor associated with malignant hyperthermia. Science, 253(5018), 448-451. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1862346
Goliášová, E., & Wolf, J. (2004). Impact of the ESR gene on litter size and production traits in Czech large white pigs. Animal Genetics, 35(4), 293-297. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2004.01155.x
Guàrdia, M. D., Estany, J., Balasch, S., Oliver, M. A., Gispert, M., & Diestre, A. (2004). Risk assessment of PSE condition due to pre-slaughter conditions and RYR1 gene in pigs. Meat Science, 67(3), 471-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2003.11.020
Gunawan, A., Kaewmala, K., Uddin, M. J., Cinar, M. U., Tesfaye, D., Phatsara, C., Tholen, E., Looft, C., & Schellander, K. (2011). Association study and expression analysis of porcine ESR1 as a candidate gene for boar fertility and sperm quality. Animal Reproduction Science, 128(1-4), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.08.008
Hernández-López, S. H., Lemus-Flores, C., Alonso-Morales, R., & Herrera-Haro, J. G. (2006). Efecto de genes candidatos sobre características reproductivas de hembras porcinas. Revista Científica, 16(6), 648-654. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/959/95916612.pdf
Houde, A., Pommier, S. A., & Roy, R. (1993). Detection of the ryanodine receptor mutation associated with malignant hyperthermia in purebred swine populations. Journal of Animal Science, 71(6), 1414-1418. https://doi.org/10.2527/1993.7161414x
Hunyadi-Bagi, Á., Balogh, P., Nagy, K., & Kusza, S. (2016). Association and polymorphism study of seven candidate genes with reproductive traits in three pig breeds in Hungary. Acta Biochimica Polonica, 63(2), 359-364. https://doi.org/10.18388/abp.2015_1188
Kamiński, S., Ruść, A., & Wojtasik, K. (2002). Simultaneous identification of ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) and estrogen receptor (ESR) genotypes with the multiplex PCR-RFLP method in Polish Large White and Polish Landrace pigs. Journal of Applied Genetics, 43(3), 331-336. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12177522/
Kapelański, W., Eckert, R., Jankowiak, H., Mucha, A., Bocian, M., & Grajewska, S. (2013). Polymorphism of ESR, FSHß, RBP4, PRL, OPN genes and their influence on morphometric traits of gilt reproductive tract before sexual maturity. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 82(4), 369-374. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb201382040369
Kmieć, M., Dybus, A., & Terman, A. (2001). Prolactin receptor gene polymorphism and its association with litter size in Polish landrace. Archives Animal Breeding, 44(5), 547-552. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-44-547-2001
Kmieć, M., Drovak, J., Vrtkova, I. (2002). Study on a relation between estrogen receptor (ESR) gene polymorphism and some pig reproduction performance characters in Polish landrace breed. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 47(5), 1212-1819. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=b6771372e29b491184805b3bece70dce06199257
Kmieć, M., & Terman, A. (2006). Associations between the prolactin receptor gene polymorphism and reproductive traits of boars. Journal of Applied Genetics, 47(2), 139-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03194613
Lebret, B., & Čandek-Potokar, M. (2022). Pork quality attributes from farm to fork. Part II. Processed pork products. Animal, 16, 100383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2021.100383
Lemus-Flores, C., Mejia-Martinez, K., Rodriguez-Carpena, J. G., Barreras-Serrano, A., Herrera-Haro, J. G., & Alonso-Morales, R. (2009). Genetic diversity and variation of ESR, RBP4 and FUT1 genes in Mexican creole and yorkshire pig populations. Journal of Biological Sciences, 9(8), 878-883. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2009.878.883
Luerce, T. D., Galli, V., Cerqueira, G. M., Simionatto, S., & Dellagostin, O. A. (2009). An improved method for characterization of the mutation associated to porcine stress syndrome by PCR amplification followed by restriction analysis. Ciência Rural, 39(5), 1577-1580. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782009000500044
Menčik, S., Vuković, V., Modrić, M., Špehar, M., Ostović, M., Sušić, V., Štoković, I., Samardžija, M., & Kabalin, A. E. (2015). PRLR- AluI gene polymorphism and litter size traits in highly prolific line of topigs 20 sows. Acta Veterinaria, 65(4), 463-476. https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2015-0039
Mihailov, N. V., Usatov, A. V., Getmantseva, L. V., & Bakoev, S. U. (2014). Associations between PRLR/AluI gene polymorphism with reproductive, growth, and meat traits in pigs. Cytology and Genetics, 48(5), 323-326. https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452714050053
Monin, G., Sellier, P., Ollivier, L., Goutepongea, R., & Girard, J.P. (1981). Carcass characteristics and meat quality of halothane positive and halothane negative Piétrain pigs. Meat Science, 5(6), 413-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(81)90040-1
Muñoz, G., Ovilo, C., Estellé, J., Silió, L., Fernández, A., & Rodriguez, C. (2007). Association with litter size of new polymorphisms on ESR1 and ESR2 genes in a Chinese-European pig line. Genetics Selection Evolution, 39(2), 195. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-39-2-195
O’Brien, P. J., Shen, H., Cory, C. R., & Zhang, X. (1993). Use of a DNA-based test for the mutation associated with porcine stress syndrome (malignant hyperthermia) in 10,000 breeding swine. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 203(6), 842-851. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1993.203.06.0842
Rempel, L. A., Nonneman, D. J., Wise, T. H., Erkens, T., Peelman, L. J., & Rohrer, G. A. (2010). Association analyses of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms on reproductive traits in swine. Journal of Animal Science, 88(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-1985
Riojas-Valdés, V. M., Canales-Zambrano, J. C., Gómez-de la Fuente, J. C., Dávalos-Aranda, G., Hernández-Vidal, G., & Salinas-Meléndez, J. A. (2005). Allele frequency of porcine stress syndrome in Nuevo Leon by PCR-RFLP analysis. Veterinaria México, 36(3), 261-267. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42336302
Rothschild, M. F., Larson, R. G., Jacobson, C., & Pearson, P. (1991). PvuII polymorphisms at the porcine oestrogen receptor locus (ESR). Animal Genetics, 22(5), 448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.1991.tb00715.x
Rothschild, M., Jacobson, C., Vaske, D., Tuggle, C., Wang, L., Short, T., Eckardt, G., Sasaki, S., Vincent, A., McLaren, D., Southwood, O., Van der Steen, H., Mileham, A., & Plastow, G. (1996). The estrogen receptor locus is associated with a major gene influencing litter size in pigs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(1), 201-205. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.1.201
Sabev, Z. (2019). Prolactin receptor gene (PRLR) role in swine reproduction. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 17(1), 75. https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.01.012
Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural. (2020). NOM-060-SAG/ZOO-2020: Especificaciones zoosanitarias para la transformación de despojos animales y su empleo en la alimentación animal. https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5663772
Short, T. H., Rothschild, M. F., Southwood, O. I., McLaren, D. G., De Vries, A., Van der Steen, H., Eckardt, G. R., Tuggle, C. K., Helm, J., Vaske, D. A., Mileham, A. J., & Plastow, G. S. (1997). Effect of the estrogen receptor locus on reproduction and production traits in four commercial pig lines. Journal of Animal Science, 75(12), 3138-3142. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.75123138x
Tan, C., Bian, C., Yang, D., Li, N., Wu, Z. F., & Hu, X. X. (2017). Application of genomic selection in farm animal breeding. Yi Chuan, 39(11), 1033-1045. https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.17-286
Terman, A., Kmieć, M., & Polasik, D. (2006) Estrogen receptor gene (ESR) and semen characteristics of boars. Archives Animal Breeding, 49(1), 71–76. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-49-71-2006
Vincent, A. L., Wang LizBen, W. L., Tuggle, C. K., Robic, A., & Rothschild, M. F. (1997). Prolactin receptor maps to pig chromosome. Mammalian Genome,16(8), 793–794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003359900576
Vincent, A. L., Tuggle, C. K., Rothschild, M. F., Evans, G., Short, T. H., Southwood, O. I., & Plastow, G. S. (1998). The prolactin receptor gene is associated with increased litter size in pigs. Proceedings 6th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, 27, 15–18. https://www.extension.iastate.edu/pages/ansci/swinereports/asl-1487.pdf
Wu, Z.F., Liu, D.W., Wang, Q.L., Zeng, H. Y., Chen, Y. S., & Zhang, H. (2006). Study on the association between estrogen receptor gene (ESR) and reproduction traits in Landrace pigs. Acta Genetica Sinica, 33(8), 711-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-4172(06)60103-0
Yin, C., Zhou, P., Wang, Y., Yin, Z., & Liu, Y. (2024). Using genomic selection to improve the accuracy of genomic prediction for multi-populations in pigs. Animal, 18(2), 101062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2023.101062
Published
2025-01-09
How to Cite
Ayala-Valdovinos, M., Galindo-García, J., Duifhuis-Rivera, T., Michel-Regalado, N., Virgen-Méndez, A., & García-Sánchez, L. (2025). Allelic frequencies of genes associated with productive traits in western Mexican boars. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía De La Universidad Del Zulia, 42(1), e254208. Retrieved from https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia/article/view/43243
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Animal Production
Copyright (c) 2025 Miguel Ayala-Valdovinos, Jorge Galindo-García,Theodor Duifhuis-Rivera, Néstor Michel-Regalado, Abraham Virgen-Méndez, Luís García-Sánchez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
