Ajuste de las normas de demanda de agua para cultivos acompañantes en rotaciones de cultivos de arroz

• Roman S. Masnyi Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
• Sergey M. Vasilyev Science of Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
• Georgy T. Balakay Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
• Lidiya M. Dokuchayeva Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
• Rita Y. Yurkova Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.36.09

Palabras clave: agua, cultivos, producto agrícola, arroz, riego

Resumen

La relevancia del estudio se debe a la necesidad de ahorrar recursos hídricos. El propósito del estudio es determinar los factores de corrección microclimáticos para monitorear y ajustar las normas de demanda de agua para los cultivos acompañantes en las rotaciones de cultivos de arroz para varias zonas de humectación natural en Rusia. Los principales métodos de estudio son el experimental (campo) y el análisis comparativo de los datos obtenidos con cálculos teóricos. Resultados del estudio: Se presentan factores de corrección para calcular la evapotranspiración/evaporación de los cultivos acompañantes en las rotaciones de cultivos de arroz, que varían en las regiones de Rusia desde Ccr= 0,75 a Ccr = 0,94, respectivamente, a Cm 0,2-0,3 a Cm 0,8-1,0 y se determina que en la rotación de cultivos de arroz es necesario tener en cuenta las reservas de humedad productiva adicional residual después del arroz, que se encuentra en el metro de capa de suelo - de 60 mm en regiones con Cm = 0,2-0,3 a 84 mm con cm 0,8-0,1. Importancia práctica: El uso de factores de corrección microclimáticos para ajustar las normas de demanda de agua para los cultivos acompañantes permite calcular y justificar el volumen de agua para riego de estos cultivos en las rotaciones de cultivos de arroz y ahorrar recursos hídricos.

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