Being a Substantial Out of Home Eater: Affecting Factors and Evidence on Daily Nutritional Intake Among University Students
Keywords:
Nutrition, obesity, university students, health
Abstract
In this cross-sectional study, it was aimed to investigate the factors affecting the choice of out of home (OH) eating in university students. A questionnaire containing the sections of age, accommodation and education status was applied to the participants (n = 399). The 24h dietary records were obtained from the participants. The participants were asked to write the locations where they consume the meals. The percentages of substantial OH eaters were 16.7% and 17.7% in males and females, respectively (p>0.05). Staying in dormitory status was found to be increased the probability of being a substantial eater compared to the reference of staying with family (odds ratios were 9.93 for females and 14.79 for males; p<0.05 for both genders). Substantial OH eaters had a higher protein, a higher carbohydrate, and a higher starch intakes than at home eaters (p<0.05 for all nutrients). It has been shown that university students mostly prefer fast food restaurants for OH eating.
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References
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An, R. (2016). Fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption and daily energy and nutrient intakes in US adults. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70, 97–103. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.104.
Ayala, G.X., Rogers, M., Arredondov, E.M., Campbell, N.R., Baquero, B., Duerksen, S.C., et al. (2008). Away from-home food intake and risk for obesity: examining the influence of context. Obesity (Silver Spring), 16, 1002–1008. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.34.
Bes-Rastrollo, M., Basterra-Gortari, F.J., Villegas, A.S., Marti, A., Martinez, J.A., & Martinez-Gonzale, M.A. (2009). A prospective study of eating away-from-home meals and weight gain in a Mediterranean population: the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) cohort. Public Health Nutrition, 13(9), 1356–1363. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009992783.
Bezerra, I.N., Curioni, C., & Sichieri, R. (2012). Association between eating out of home and body weight. Nutrition Reviews, 70, 65–79. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00459.x.
Bezerra, I.N., Junior, E.V., Pereira, R.A., & Sichieri, R. (2015). Away-from-home eating: nutritional status and dietary intake among Brazilian adults. Public Health Nutrition, 18(06), 1011±7. doi: 10.1017/S1368980014001189.
Binkley, J. (2008). Calorie and gram differences between meals at fast food and table service restaurants. European Reviews Agricultural Economics, 30, 750–763. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9353.2008.00444.x.
Block, J.P., Scribner, R.A., & DeSalvo, K.B. (2004). Fast food, race/ethnicity, and income. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 27(3), 211-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.06.007.
Chan, W.L., Melissa, H.W., & Boo, H.C. (2014). The product-related failures in restaurants. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 144, 223-228. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.314.
Da Costa Louzada, M.L., Baraldi, L.G., Steele, E.M., Martins, A.P.B., Canella, D.S., Moubarac, J.C., et al. (2015). Consumption of ultra-processed foods and obesity in Brazilian adolescents and adults. Preventive Medicine, 81, 9±15. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.07.018.
Deliens, T., Clarys, P., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., & Deforche, B. (2014). Determinants of eating behaviour in university students: a qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health, 14, 53. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-53.
Elgueta, S., Fuentes, M., Valenzuela, M., Zhao, G., Liu, S., Lu, H., et al. (2019). Pesticide residues in ready-to-eat leafy vegetables from markets of Santiago, Chile, and consumer's risk. Food Additives & Contaminants, 10, 1-9. doi: 10.1080/19393210.2019.1625975.
FAO, Rome (Italy). The food supply and distribution system of Tirana, Albania. (2008). Agricultural management, marketing and finance working document. Rural infrastructure and agro-industries div.
FSRG, Food Surveys Research Group. (2010). Table 9. Away from home: Percentages of selected nutrients contributed by foods eaten away from home, by gender and age, in the United States, 2007–2008. What We Eat in America NHANES, 2007–2008. http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=18349. Accessed 27 February 2021.
Jabs, J., & Devine, C.M. (2006). Time scarcity and food choices: an overview. Appetite, 47, 196–204. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2006.02.014.
Kandiah, J., Yake, M., Jones, J., & Meyer, M. (2006). Stress influences appetite and comfort food preferences in college women. Nutrition Researches, 26, 118–123. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2005.11.010.
Kant, A.K., & Graubard, B.I. (2004). Eating out in America, 1987– 2000: trends and nutritional correlates. Preventive Medicine, 38, 243–249. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.10.004.
Kant, A.K., Whitley, M.I., & Graubard, B.I. (2015). Away from home meals: associations with biomarkers of chronic disease and dietary intake in American adults, NHANES 2005±2010. International Journal of Obesity (London), 39, 820. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2014.183.
Kearney, J.M., Gibney, M.J., Livingstone, B.E., Robson, P.J., Kiely, M., & Harrington, K. (2001). Attitudes towards and beliefs about nutrition and health among a random sample of adults in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Public Health Nutrition, 4, 1117–1126. doi: 10.1079/phn2001193.
Kearney, J.M., Hulshof, K.F.A.M., & Gibney, M.J. (2001). Eating patterns— temporal distribution, converging and diverging foods, meals eaten inside and outside of the home— implications for developing FBDG. Public Health Nutrition, 4, 693–698. doi: 10.1079/phn2001156.
Langley-Evans, S. (2015). Nutrition in early life and the programming of adult disease: a review. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 28(s1), 1±14. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12212.
Larson, N., Neumark-Sztainer, D., Laska, M.N., & Story, M. (2011). Young adults and eating away from home: associations with dietary intake patterns and weight status differ by choice of restaurant. Journal of American Dietetic Association, 111, 1696–1703. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.08.007.
Llanaj, E., Adany, E., Lachat, C., & D’Haese, M. (2018). Examining food intake and eating out of home patterns among university students. PLOS ONE, 13(10), e0197874. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197874.
Mohammadbeigi, A., Absari, R., Valizadeh, F., Saadati, M., Sharifimoghadam, S., Ahmadi, A., et al. (2016) Sleep quality in medical students; the impact of over-use of mobile cell-phone and social networks. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 16(1), 46-50.
Mohammadbeigi, A., Asgarian, A., Moshir, E., Heidari, H., Afrashteh, S., Khazaei, S., et al. (2018), Fast food consumption and overweight/obesity prevalence in students and its association with general and abdominal obesity. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 59, E236-E240. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2018.59.3.830.
Mohammadbeigi, A., Mohammadsalehi, N., Moshiri, E., Anbari, Z., Ahmadi, A., Ansari, A. (2017). The prevalence of phantom vibration/ringing syndromes and their related factors in Iranian students of medical sciences. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 27, 76-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.02.012.
Myhre, J.B., Løken, E.B., Wandel, M., & Andersen, L.F. (2013). Eating location is associated with the nutritional quality of the diet in Norwegian adults. Public Health Nutrition, 17(4), 915–923. doi: 10.1017/S1368980013000268.
Naska, A., Katsoulis, M., Orfanos, P., Lachat, C., Gedrich, K., Rodrigues, S.S.P., et al. (2015). Eating out is different from eating at home among individuals who occasionally eat out. A cross-sectional study among middle-aged adults from eleven European countries. British Journal of Nutrition, 113, 1951–1964. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515000963.
Naska, A., Orfanos, P., Trichopoulou, A., Kay, A.M., Overvad, K., Jakobsen, M.U., et al. (2011). Eating out, weight and weight gain. A cross-sectional and prospective analysis in the context of the EPIC-PANACEA study. International Journal of Obesity, 35, 416–26. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.142.
Nawab, T., Khan, Z., Khan, I.M., & nsari, M.A. (2014). Influence of behavioral determinants on the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school going adolescents of Aligarh. Indian Journal of Public Health, 58(2), 121–4. doi: 10.4103/0019-557X.132289.
Nixon, H., & Doud, L. (2016). Do fast food restaurants cluster around high schools? A geospatial analysis of proximity of fast food restaurants to high schools and the connection to childhood obesity rates. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 2(1), 181-94. doi: 10.5304/jafscd.2011.021.007.
O’Dwyer, N.A., Gibney, M.J., Burke, S.J., & McCarthy, S.N. (2005). The influence of eating location on nutrient intakes in Irish adults: implications for food-based dietary guidelines. Public Health Nutrition, 8, 262–269. doi: 10.1079/phn2004701.
Oh, C., Kim, H.S., & No, J.K. (2015). Impact of dining out on nutritional intake and metabolic syndrome risk factors: Data from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. British Journal of Nutrition, 113, 473–478. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514003870.
Orfanos, P., Naska, A., Trichopoulos, D., Slimani, N., Ferrari, P., van Bakel, M., et al. (2007) Eating out of home and its correlates in 10 European countries. The European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) study. Public Health Nutrition, 10, 1515–1525. doi: 10.1017/S1368980007000171.
Orfanos, P., Naska, A., Trichopoulou, A., Grioni, S., Boer, J.M.A., van Bakel, M.M.E., et al. (2009) Eating out of home: energy, macro- and micronutrient intakes in 10 European countries the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 63: S239–S262. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.84.
Park, S., Choi, B.Y., Wang, Y., & Gittelsohn, J. (2013). School and neighborhood nutrition environment and their association with students’ nutrition behaviors and weight status in Seoul, South Korea. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(5), 655-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.06.002.
Patel, O., Shahulhameed, S., Shivashankar, R., Tayyab, M., Rahman, A., Prabhakaran, D., et al. (2017) Association between full service and fast food restaurant density, dietary intake and overweight/obesity among adults in Delhi, India. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 36. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4598-8.
PHE, Public Health England. (2017). Guidance Health matters: obesity and the food environment. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-matters-obesity-and- the-food-environment/health-matters-obesity-and-the-food-environment--2 Accessed 18 February 2021.
Saelens, B., Glanz, K., Sallis, J., & Frank, L.D. (2007), Nutrition environment measures study in restaurants (NEMSR): Development and evaluation. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 32, 273–281. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2006.12.022.
Seguin, R.A., Aggarwal, A., Vermeylen, F., & Drewnowski, A. (2016). Consumption frequency of foods away from home linked with higher body mass index and lower fruit and vegetable intake among adults: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2016, 3074241. doi: 10.1155/2016/3074241.
Shabani, Z., Ramaj, A., & Gera, R. (2013). The childhood nutrition and their problems: the case study of an elementary school in Shkodra city. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(8), 360. doi: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n8p360.
Shah, T., Purohit, G., Nair, S.P., Patel, B., Rawal, Y., Shah, R.M. (2014). Assessment of obesity, overweight and its association with the fast food consumption in medical students. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research for doctors, 8(5), CC05-7. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/7908.4351.
Shen, J., He, L., & An, R.P. (2019). Food environment and its relation to diet behavior and obesity in China. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi, 40(10), 1296-1303. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.10.023.
Tam, R., Yassa, B., Parker, H., O’Connor, H., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2017). University students’ on-campus food purchasing behaviors, preferences, and opinions on food availability. Nutrition, 37, 7–13. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.007.
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Vadeboncoeur, C., Townsend, N., & Foster, C. (2015). A meta-analysis of weight gain in first year university students: is freshman 15 a myth? BMC Obesity, 2, 22. doi: 10.1186/s40608- 015-0051-7.
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Published
2024-04-25
How to Cite
Mortaş, H., Navruz Varli , S., & Bilici, S. (2024). Being a Substantial Out of Home Eater: Affecting Factors and Evidence on Daily Nutritional Intake Among University Students. Journal of the University of Zulia , 15(43), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.43.03
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