Organizational and legal approaches in fighting organized crime
Keywords:
crime, crime prevention, international cooperation, legislation
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to identify the factors affecting organized crime and to define aspects of tackling it. The methods of statistical analysis, factor analysis, hypothetical-deductive method, correlation method, generalization method and analogue method were used. The article identified countries with high and low levels of organized crime. Impact of economic development and corruption on the level of organized crime was proved insignificant. Legal factor is not the key aspect of tackling organized crime. Legal approach in tackling organized crime includes: adoption of an international normative legal acts on mutual assistance; development and signing of international agreements on cooperation; development of national and international strategies. The organizational approach implies: international cooperation; decentralization of public oversight authorities and law enforcement agencies in the system of control; development of a program of public involvement; partnership building between state and public institutions.
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References
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Atuesta, L. H., Pérez-Dávila, Y. S. (2017). Fragmentation and cooperation: The evolution of organized crime in Mexico. Trends in Organized Crime, 21(3), 235–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-017-9301-z
Bell, P., Congram, M. (2013). Intelligence-Led Policing (ILP) as a strategic planning resource in the fight against Transnational Organized Crime (TOC). International Journal of Business and Commerce, 2(12), 15-28.
Blackburn, K., Neanidis, K. C., Rana, M. P. (2017). A theory of organized crime, corruption and economic growth. Economic Theory Bulletin, 5, 227–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40505-017-0116-5
Bossong, R. (2017). EU-Japan: Fight against terrorism and organized crime. Discussion paper. University of Essex, EU-Japan security cooperation: challenges and opportunities project, online paper series, spring/summer 2017, Colchester, UK. Available at: http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19873/1/EU-Japan_5_Counterterrorism%26OC_Bossong_EU.pdf (accessed: 21.04. 2021).
Božić, V. (2016). Suzbijanje organiziranog kriminaliteta u svjetlu pozitivnog kaznenog zakonodavstva Republike Hrvatske [Suppression of organized crime in the light of positive criminal legislation of the Republic of Croatia]. Available at: https://www.bib.irb.hr/950472 (accessed: 21.04.2021).
Božić, V., Nikač, Ž. (2018). Fight against organized crime in the states of the region and EU member states. In: D. Marković (Ed.), Thematic collection of articles – asymmetry and strategy (pp. 339-356). Belgrade, Strategic research institute.
Buscaglia, E., van Dijk, J. (2003). Controlling organized crime and corruption in the public sector. Forum on Crime and Society, 3(1/2), 3-34.
Cherniavskyi, S., Babanina, V., Mykytchyk, O., & Mostepaniuk, L. (2021). Measures to combat cybercrime: analysis of international and Ukrainian experience. Cuestiones Políticas, 39(69), 115-132. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.06
Dzhuzha, O. (2018). The experience of foreign countries in the offensive strategy to combat organized crime. Law Magazine of the National Academy of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, 16(2), 13-21.
Fijnaut, C. (2016). Controlling organized crime and terrorism in the European Union. In: The containment of organised crime and terrorism (pp. 717–733). Leiden, Brill.
Groenleer, M. L. P., Cels, S., De Jong, J. (2020). Safety in the city: building partnerships in the fight against organized crime. In: C. Van Montfort, A. Michels (Eds.), Partnerships for livable cities (pp. 211-228). London, Palgrave MacMillan.
Hyzymchuk, S. S. (2018). Criminological characteristics of organized crime. Molody Vcheny, 11(63), 791-794.
Interpol. (2017). Global strategy on organized and emerging crime. Lyon, Interpol General Secretariat.
Kaydashev, R. P., Poplavsky, A. A. (2020). Improving the fight against organized crime. Naukovi Perspektivi, 1(1), 50-59.
Khyzhniak, Y., Kapustnyk, V., Batrachenko, T., Chuprikova, I., & Kryshchenko, A. (2021). International experience in preventing intentional homicide by criminal police units. Cuestiones Políticas, 39(69), 630-642. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.39
Kirby, S., Snow, N. (2016). Praxis and the disruption of organized crime groups. Trends in Organized Crime, 19(2), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-016-9269-0
Neumann, M., Elsenbroich, C. (2017). Introduction: the societal dimensions of organized crime. Trends in Organized Crime, 20, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-016-9294-z
Nizamedinkhodjaev, U. (2020). The role of international cooperation in the fight against crime. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1, 173-179. https://doi.org/10.29013/EJHSS-20-1-173-179
Overseas Security Advisory Council (2019). Norway 2019 crime and safety report. Available at: https://www.osac.gov/Country/Norway/Content/Detail/Report/1a4b3b1f-e1c1-40a8-99c9-15f4aeb21243 (accessed 21.04.2021).
Paoli, L. (2014). Organized crime, types of. In: G. Bruinsma, D. Weisburd (Eds.), Encyclopedia of criminology and criminal justice (p. 40). New York, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_628
Popescu, T. V. (2019). Fight against crime - criminological perspective. In: I.-G. Rotaru (Ed.), The 13th International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities (pp. 213-219). Beltsville, RAIS.
Rose-Ackerman, S., Palifka, B. J. (2018). Corruption, organized crime, and money laundering. International Economic Association series. In: K. Basu, T. Cordella (Eds.), Institutions, governance and the control of corruption vol. 4 (pp. 75-111). Cham, Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org//10.1007/978-3-319-65684-7_4
Rostami, A. (2016). Criminal organizing: studies in the sociology of organized crime [Doctoral dissertation]. Stockholm, Stockholm University.
Selleslaghs, J. (2017). The EU’s performance in Latin America’s fight against drugs and related organized crime. Global Affairs, 2(50), 527-537. https://doi.org/10.1080/23340460.2016.1276403
Spanò, R., Paola, N. D., Caldarelli, A., Vona, R. (2016). Accountants’ hybridization and juridification: a critical reflection on the fight against organized crime. Public Money and Management, 36(6), 441–446. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2016.1190208
Trading Economics (2020a). Corruption index. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/mexico/corruption-index (accessed 21.04.2021).
Trading Economics (2020b). GDP per capita. Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/mexico/gdp-per-capita (accessed 21.04.2021).
UNODC (2017). Individual drug seizure cases (IDS). Available at: https://dataunodc.un.org/ids (accessed 21.04.2021).
UNODC. (n .d.). Organized crime. E4J University module series. Available at: https://www.unodc.org/e4j/tertiary/organized-crime.html (accessed 21.04.2021).
Vasylevych, V. V. (2014). Principles of criminological policy of Ukraine. Issues of Crime Prevention, 27, 82-90.
Voronin, S. A. (2017). Specific features of criminal law characteristics of organized crime. Available at: https://www.abacademies.org/articles/specific-features-of-criminal-law-characteristics-of-organized-crime-6715.html (accessed 21.04.2021).
Vudvud, K. (2020). Fundamentals of interaction of states in the field of combating transnational organized crime: legal aspects. In: V. Bujor (Ed.), Particularitățile adaptării legislației Republicii Moldova și Ucrainei la legislația Uniunii Europene, 27-28 martie 2020 [Particulars of legislative adaptations of the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine to the legislation of the Union of Europe, March 27-28, 2020] (pp. 150-154). Chişinău, Tipocart Print.
World Bank (2018). Organized crime, index. Available at: https://tcdata360.worldbank.org/indicators/h3031de56?country=BRAandindicator=677andviz=choroplethandyears=2017andcompareBy=income (accessed 21.04.2021).
World Bank (2020). International migrant stock, total - El Salvador, Finland, Norway, Iceland, Oman, Honduras, Mexico. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SM.POP.TOTL?end=2017andlocations=SV-FI-NO-IS-OM-HN-MXandname_desc=falseandstart=1962andview=chart (accessed 21.04.2021).
World Data Atlas (2019). Crime statistics. Available at: https://knoema.com/atlas/Honduras/topics/Crime-Statistics (accessed 21.04.2021).
Xenakis, S. (2020). Incapacity, pathology, or expediency? Revisiting accounts of data and analysis weaknesses underpinning international efforts to combat organised crime. Trends in Organized Crime, 24, 6-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-020-09387-7
Published
2021-09-02
How to Cite
Baiov , V. A., Rone , A. P., Perelyhina , R. V., Kovtun , O. O., & Urlapova , O. Y. (2021). Organizational and legal approaches in fighting organized crime. Journal of the University of Zulia , 12(34), 297-316. https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.34.18
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