El efecto de la hipotermia sobre el estado del sistema prooxidante-antioxidante de las plantas

• Mariia Bobrova Departamento de Biología y Métodos de Enseñanza de la Universidad Pedagógica Estatal Central de Ucrania Volodymyr Vynnychenko, Ucrania http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-651X
• Olena Holodaieva Departamento de Química General y Biológica # 2 Universidad Médica Nacional de Donetsk, Ucrania http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-7033
• Svitlana Koval Departamento de Disciplinas Fundamentales de la Universidad Internacional Europea, Ucrania http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-177X
• Olha Tsviakh Departamento de Química de la V.O. Universidad Nacional Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv, Ucrania http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-2170
• Olena Kucher Departamento de Química de la V.O. Universidad Nacional Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv, Ucrania. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-6855

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.33.07

Palabras clave: bioquímica; metabolismo; enzimas; vitaminas; enfriamiento; congelación

Resumen

Objetivo de la investigación: identificar cambios en el valor de los indicadores del estado del sistema prooxidante-antioxidante (PAS) en los tejidos de partes comestibles de plantas agrícolas, bajo la influencia de cambios de temperatura. Metodología: la determinación cuantitativa de indicadores del estado de PAS se realizó en muestras de tejido de partes comestibles de las siguientes plantas: Solánum lycopérsicum L., Сucumis sativus L., Capsicum annuum L., Solanum melongena L., Solanum tuberosum L., Allium sativum L ., Allium cepa L., Daucus carota L., Beta vulgaris L., Cucurbita pepo var. Giraumontia L. Se determinó la concentración de radical anión superóxido (• O2-), productos activos TBA, actividad superóxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa, concentración de ácido ascórbico (AA), glutatión (GSH). Los resultados de la investigación muestran que la hipotermia activa ambas partes del PAS. Sin embargo, el enfriamiento va acompañado de una protección antioxidante enzimática (AO) y de bajo peso molecular más potente. La investigación de AO se puede dividir según el grado de reducción del valor protector en hipotermia en las siguientes series: SOD, catalasa, GSH, AA. El más resistente en términos de cambios en PAS a hipotermia es Solanum tuberosum L., Allium sativum L., Beta vulgaris L .; el menos resistente es Capsicum annuum L. y Solánum lycopérsicum L. Los órganos generativos de las plantas son menos resistentes a la hipotermia que los vegetativos. Consecuencias prácticas. Como resultado del análisis bioquímico realizado, se establece qué método de almacenamiento de productos vegetales es más efectivo en términos de conservación de la actividad AO: enfriamiento o congelación.

Citas

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