Técnicas y métodos de innovación tecnológica en las pequeñas y medianas empresas
Resumen
Se realizó una investigación de artículos científicos sobre innovación en las pequeñas y medianas empresas a nivel global, planteando como objetivo determinar las técnicas, enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos aplicados en los estudios de estas empresas publicados en Scopus en el periodo de 1999 al 2019, además a través del análisis de redes sociales se identificaron las tendencias en el periodo 2020-2022. Para esto se realizó un análisis de contenido de 62 artículos en revistas Scopus entre 1999 y 2019, así como el análisis de redes de 1.091 artículos que abordan innovación en las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Los resultados muestran que la investigación en el primer periodo se realiza mayoritariamente a través de estudios cuantitativos siendo las técnicas más utilizadas los cuestionarios, seguidos de los modelos econométricos. En cuanto al análisis de redes se identifica que las tendencias del último periodo son la innovación del modelo de negocio, economía circular, innovación verde, Covid-19, manufactura, innovación tecnológica, transformación digital y Vietnam. Como conclusión se destaca que la investigación de innovación tecnológica es de carácter aplicada y que este tipo de empresas tuvieron relevancia en la pandemia viéndose obligadas a la reestructuración y cambio de modelos productivos incorporando la transformación digital.
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