Ética e integridad en la investigación universitaria apoyada con inteligencia artificial: Revisión sistemática de literatura

• Hugo Javier Chiclayo Padilla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9620-5056
• Julio Hilario-Vargas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6843
• Lindon Vela Meléndez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-7151
• Mauro Adriel Rios Villacorta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-0559

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v32i2.45589

Abstract

El artículo analiza problemas éticos y de integridad en la investigación que se realiza con inteligencia artificial en contextos universitarios, a partir del análisis de 35 artículos seleccionados, mediante el protocolo PRISMA para el período entre 2020 y 2024, adoptando el método de revisión sistemática. Los resultados permiten definir tres tipos de problemas: i) la desintegración de la autoría intelectual, sistémicamente promovida por el plagio automatizado y la suplantación de contenido; ii) la fractura metodológica como consecuencia de la opacidad algorítmica, sesgos y alucinaciones de los datos; y, iii) la gobernanza fallida, que tiene que ver con los vacíos regulatorios y protocolos inadecuados para lidiar con la inteligencia artificial en la investigación. Estos son signos de una crisis de credibilidad científica y reproducibilidad que genera desconfianza en el conocimiento científico. Los códigos éticos editoriales actuales son insuficientes ante la autoría automatizada emergente. Las mejores prácticas requieren formación en ética de inteligencia artificial, políticas institucionales, supervisión humana y transparencia algorítmica. Es necesario establecer marcos normativos adaptables y cultura académica que integre la inteligencia artificial preservando la integridad. Las investigaciones futuras deben incluir comparativas políticas, percepciones universitarias y evaluaciones longitudinales para mejorar la gobernanza ética de la investigación en inteligencia artificial.

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