Gestión de ganancias en el riesgo de quiebra de las empresas públicas mexicanas
Management of earnings in the risk of bankruptcy of Mexican public companies
Palabras clave:
Gestión de ganancias, riesgo de quiebra, mercados emergentes, empresas públicas mexicanas, estudio longitudinal
Resumen
Un fenómeno altamente estudiado dentro del entorno empresarial es la quiebra en las organizaciones. Sin embargo, un enfoque con el que ha sido poco relacionado dicho estatus es la calidad de la información financiera que reportan las empresas. De esta forma, el objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar la relación entre el riesgo de quiebra y la gestión de ganancias que practican las empresas públicas en México. Analizando un universo de 145 empresas y teniendo como muestra un total de 86 organizaciones que cotizaron en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores durante el periodo 2014-2018, se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, longitudinal, y causal, recopilando información de fuentes secundarias como Bloomberg y reportes anuales de las empresas en sus sitios web. Se realizó una regresión panel de Mínimos Cuadrados Generalizados con apoyo de Stata 12. Los resultados arrojan que el incremento en la gestión de ganancias aumenta el riesgo de quiebra en las empresas de la muestra de este estudio. Se concluye que, al gestionar las ganancias de las empresas de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, se puede incrementar el riesgo de quiebra de las mismas y representar un grave problema para sus grupos de interés.
Descargas
La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.
Citas
Abreu, M., y Morales, J. A. (2008). Las empresas con problemas en la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV). Denarius, (16), 139-174.
Agrawal, K., y Chatterjee, C. (2015). Earnings management and financial distress: Evidence from India. Global Business Review, 16, 140-154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150915601928
Ahmadpour, A., y Shahsavari, M. (2016). Earnings management and the effect of earnings quality in relation to bankruptcy level (firms listed at the tehran stock exchange). Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), 9(1), 77-99. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJMS.2016.55036
Alanís, I., y Rodríguez, M. D. P. (2017). La práctica de la gestión de ganancias. Innovaciones de Negocios, 14(28), 189-198.
Al-khabash, A. A., y Al-Thuneibat, A. A. (2009). Earnings management practices from the perspective of external and internal auditors: Evidence from jordan. Managerial Auditing Journal, 24(1), 58-80. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900910919901
Altman, E. I. (1968). Financial ratios, discriminant analysis and the prediction of corporate bankruptcy. The Journal of Finance, 23(4), 589-609. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1968.tb00843.x
Altman, E. I. (2005). An emerging market credit scoring system for corporate bonds. Emerging Markets Review, 6(4), 311-323. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2005.09.007
Altman, E. I. (2013). Predicting financial distress of companies: revisiting the Z-Score and ZETA® models. In A. R. Bell, C. Brooks y M. Prokopczuk (Eds.), Handbook of research methods and applications in empirical finance (pp. 428-456). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Altman, E. I., Hartzell, J., y Peck, M. (1995). Emerging market corporate bonds - a scoring system. In R. M. Levich (Ed.), Emerging market capital flows: Proceedings of a Conference held at the Stern School of Business, New York University on May 23-24, 1996 (pp. 391-400). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6197-2_25
Altman, E. I., Hotchkiss, E., y Wang, W. (2019). Corporate financial distress, restructuring, and bankruptcy: Analyze leveraged finance, distressed debt, and bankruptcy (4th ed). Wiley Finance.
Anagnostopoulou, S. C., y Tsekrekos, A. E. (2017). The effect of financial leverage on real and accrual-based earnings management. Accounting and Business Research, 47(2), 191-236. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2016.1204217
Anggraeni, M. D., y Wardhani, R. (2017). The effect of leverage and IFRS convergence on earnings management through real activities manipulation in Asia. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 10(1), 87-125.
Arellano, M., y Bover, O. (1990). La econometría de datos panel. Investigaciones Económicas (Segunda época), XIV(1), 3-45.
Aruldoss, M., Travis, M. L., y Venkatesan, V. P. (2015). A reference model for business intelligence to predict bankruptcy. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 28(2), 186-217. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-09-2013-0069
Báez, M. D. P., y Puentes, G. A. (2018). Parámetros financieros para la toma de decisiones en pequeñas y medianas empresas del municipio Duitama, Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIV(1), 67-84.
Barua, A., Lin, S., y Sbaraglia, A. M. (2010). Earnings management using discontinued operations. The Accounting Review, 85(5), 1485-1509. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2010.85.5.1485
Becker, C. L., DeFond, M. L., Jiambalvo, J., y Subramanyam, K. R. (1998). The Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management. Contemporary Accounting Research, 15(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1998.tb00547.x
Beneish, M. D. (2001). Earnings management: A perspective. Managerial Finance, 27(12), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350110767411
Bernanke, B. (1981). Bankruptcy, liquidity, and recession. The American Economic Review, 71(2), 155-159.
Boďa, M., y Úradníček, V. (2016). The portability of altman’s Z-score model to predicting corporate financial distress of Slovak companies. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 22(4), 532-553. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1197165
Breusch, T. S., y Pagan, A. R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111
Bryan, D., Dinesh, G., y Tripathy, A. (2013). Bankruptcy risk, productivity and firm strategy. Review of Accounting and Finance, 12(4), 309-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAF-06-2012-0052
Campa, D., y Camacho-Miñano, M-D-M. (2014). Manipulación del resultado entre empresas concursadas no cotizadas: Evidencia en España. Revista Española de Financiacion y Contabilidad, 43(1), 3-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02102412.2014.890820
Campa, D., y Camacho-Miñano, M-D-M. (2015). The impact of SME’s pre-bankruptcy financial distress on earnings management tools. International Review of Financial Analysis, 42, 222-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2015.07.004
Castillo, L. A., y San Martín, J. M. (2008). Los ajustes por devengo como medida de discrecionalidad directiva. Una revisión bibliográfica. Contaduría y Administración, (226), 9-37. https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2008.641
Charitou, A., Lambertides, N., y Trigeorgis, L. (2007). Managerial discretion in distressed firms. The British Accounting Review, 39(4), 323-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.08.003
Chen, K. Y., Elder, R. J., y Hsieh, Y-M. (2007). Corporate governance and earnings management: The implications of corporate governance best-practice principles for taiwanese listed companies. Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics, 3(2), 73-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1815-5669(10)70024-2
Cohen, D. A., Dey, A., y Lys, T. Z. (2008). Real and accrual-based earnings management in the pre - and post – sarbanes - oxley periods. The Accounting Review, 83(3), 757-787. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2008.83.3.757
Couwenberg, O. (2015). Financial distress. Wiley Encyclopedia of Management, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118785317.weom040039
Davidson, S., Stickney, C. P., y Weil, R. L. (1987). Accounting: The language of business (7th ed). T. Horton.
DeAngelo, L. E. (1986). Accounting numbers as market valuation substitutes: A study of management buyouts of public stockholders. The Accounting Review, 61(3), 400-420.
Dechow, P. M., Sloan, R. G., y Sweeney, A. P. (1995). Detecting earnings management. The Accounting Review, 70(2), 193-225.
Farrell, K., Unlu, E., y Yu, J. (2014). Stock repurchases as an earnings management mechanism: The impact of financing constraints. Journal of Corporate Finance, 25, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.10.004
Fito, M. A., Plana-Erta, D., y Llobet, J. (2018). Usefulness of Z scoring models in the early detection of financial problems in bankrupt Spanish companies. Intangible Capital, 14(1), 162-170. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1108
Ghazali, A. W., Shafie, N. A., y Sanusi, Z. M. (2015). Earnings management: An analysis of opportunistic behaviour, monitoring mechanism and financial distress. Procedia Economics and Finance, 28, 190-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01100-4
Habib, A., Uddin, M. B., e Islam, A. (2013). Financial distress, earnings management and market pricing of accruals during the global financial crisis. Managerial Finance, 39(2), 155-180. https://doi.org/10.1108/03074351311294007
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., y Tatham, R. L. (1999). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.
Healy, P. M. (1985). The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7(1–3), 85-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(85)90029-1
Healy, P. M., y Wahlen, J. M. (1999). A review of the earnings management literature and its implications for standard setting. SSRN Electronic Journal, 13(4), 365-383. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.156445
Jones, J. J. (1991). Earnings management during import relief investigations. Journal of Accounting Research, 29(2), 193-228. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491047
Kang, S-H., y Sivaramakrishnan, K. (1995). Issues in testing earnings management and an instrumental variable approach. Journal of Accounting Research, 33(2), 353-367. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491492
Klein, A. (2002). Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(3), 375-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(02)00059-9
Kwak, B., y Mo, K. (2018). Executive pension, default risk, and earnings management*. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics, 25(3-4), 463-480. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2016.1277951
Li, F., Abeysekera, I., y Ma, S. (2011). Earnings management and the effect of earnings quality in relation to stress level and bankruptcy level of Chinese listed firms. Corporate Ownership and Control, 9(1), 366-391. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i1c3art2
Lin, H-W. W., Lo, H-C., y Wu, R-S. (2016). Modeling default prediction with earnings management. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 40(B), 306-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2016.01.005
Linhares, F. S., Moraes, F., y Beiruth, A. X. (2018). Earnings management and investment efficiency. Review of Business Management, 20(2), 295-310. https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v20i2.3180
Mai, F., Tian, S., Lee, C., y Ma, L. (2019). Deep learning models for bankruptcy prediction using textual disclosures. European Journal of Operational Research, 274(2), 743-758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.10.024
Martínez, H. R., Cazallo, A. M., Meñaca, I., y Uribe, C. M. (2020). Desempeño financiero de las empresas minoristas de alimentos y bebidas en Barranquilla - Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(1), 144-160. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i1.31316
Martínez, R., & Ronzón, X. (2016). Risk disclosure: First overview in the Mexican context. World of Accounting Science, 18, 511-536. https://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=1302258X&AN=113756770&h=mi3JK%2BiJp3AX49SFQoLhBeKtdwvd6ouBLUKmT9n9XEBQwh69NKEdH%2F%2BpmfyjtC9oIMhuwpCZ3YdKKWxWl4yYhQ%3D%3D&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLo
McVay, S. E. (2006). Earnings management using classification shifting: An examination of core earnings and special items. The Accounting Review, 81(3), 501-531. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2006.81.3.501
Proaño, S. A., Quiñonez, E. S., Molina, C. J., & Mejía, O. G. (2019). Desarrollo económico local en Ecuador: Relación entre producto interno bruto y sectores económicos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXV(E-1), 82-98. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v25i1.29598
Rodríguez, M., Piñeiro, C., y de Llano, P. (2014). Determinación del riesgo de fracaso financiero mediante la utilización de modelos paramétricos, de inteligencia artificial, y de información de auditoría. Estudios de Economía, 41(2), 187-217. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-52862014000200002
Rosner, R. L. (2003). Earnings manipulation in failing firms. Contemporary Accounting Research, 20(2), 361-408. https://doi.org/10.1506/8EVN-9KRB-3AE4-EE81
San Martín, J. M. (2012). An empirical examination of ownership structure, earnings management and growth opportunities in mexican market. International Journal of Business and Social Research, 2(7), 103-123.
Schipper, K. (1989). Comentary on earnings management. Accounting Horizons, 3(4), 91-102.
Teoh, S. H., Welch, I., y Wong, T. J. (1998). Earnings management and the underperformance of seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Financial Economics, 50(1), 63-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00032-4
Watts, R. L., y Zimmerman, J. L. (1978). Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards. The Accounting Review, 53(1), 112-134.
Wooldridge, J. (2009). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach. Cengage Learning.
Xu, Z. R., Taylor, G. K., y Dugan, M. T. (2007). Review of real earnings management literature. Journal of Accounting Literature, 26, 195-228.
Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the trade-off between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 87(2), 675-703. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10196
Agrawal, K., y Chatterjee, C. (2015). Earnings management and financial distress: Evidence from India. Global Business Review, 16, 140-154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150915601928
Ahmadpour, A., y Shahsavari, M. (2016). Earnings management and the effect of earnings quality in relation to bankruptcy level (firms listed at the tehran stock exchange). Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), 9(1), 77-99. https://doi.org/10.22059/IJMS.2016.55036
Alanís, I., y Rodríguez, M. D. P. (2017). La práctica de la gestión de ganancias. Innovaciones de Negocios, 14(28), 189-198.
Al-khabash, A. A., y Al-Thuneibat, A. A. (2009). Earnings management practices from the perspective of external and internal auditors: Evidence from jordan. Managerial Auditing Journal, 24(1), 58-80. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900910919901
Altman, E. I. (1968). Financial ratios, discriminant analysis and the prediction of corporate bankruptcy. The Journal of Finance, 23(4), 589-609. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1968.tb00843.x
Altman, E. I. (2005). An emerging market credit scoring system for corporate bonds. Emerging Markets Review, 6(4), 311-323. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2005.09.007
Altman, E. I. (2013). Predicting financial distress of companies: revisiting the Z-Score and ZETA® models. In A. R. Bell, C. Brooks y M. Prokopczuk (Eds.), Handbook of research methods and applications in empirical finance (pp. 428-456). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Altman, E. I., Hartzell, J., y Peck, M. (1995). Emerging market corporate bonds - a scoring system. In R. M. Levich (Ed.), Emerging market capital flows: Proceedings of a Conference held at the Stern School of Business, New York University on May 23-24, 1996 (pp. 391-400). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6197-2_25
Altman, E. I., Hotchkiss, E., y Wang, W. (2019). Corporate financial distress, restructuring, and bankruptcy: Analyze leveraged finance, distressed debt, and bankruptcy (4th ed). Wiley Finance.
Anagnostopoulou, S. C., y Tsekrekos, A. E. (2017). The effect of financial leverage on real and accrual-based earnings management. Accounting and Business Research, 47(2), 191-236. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2016.1204217
Anggraeni, M. D., y Wardhani, R. (2017). The effect of leverage and IFRS convergence on earnings management through real activities manipulation in Asia. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 10(1), 87-125.
Arellano, M., y Bover, O. (1990). La econometría de datos panel. Investigaciones Económicas (Segunda época), XIV(1), 3-45.
Aruldoss, M., Travis, M. L., y Venkatesan, V. P. (2015). A reference model for business intelligence to predict bankruptcy. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 28(2), 186-217. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-09-2013-0069
Báez, M. D. P., y Puentes, G. A. (2018). Parámetros financieros para la toma de decisiones en pequeñas y medianas empresas del municipio Duitama, Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIV(1), 67-84.
Barua, A., Lin, S., y Sbaraglia, A. M. (2010). Earnings management using discontinued operations. The Accounting Review, 85(5), 1485-1509. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2010.85.5.1485
Becker, C. L., DeFond, M. L., Jiambalvo, J., y Subramanyam, K. R. (1998). The Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management. Contemporary Accounting Research, 15(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1998.tb00547.x
Beneish, M. D. (2001). Earnings management: A perspective. Managerial Finance, 27(12), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350110767411
Bernanke, B. (1981). Bankruptcy, liquidity, and recession. The American Economic Review, 71(2), 155-159.
Boďa, M., y Úradníček, V. (2016). The portability of altman’s Z-score model to predicting corporate financial distress of Slovak companies. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 22(4), 532-553. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1197165
Breusch, T. S., y Pagan, A. R. (1980). The lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239-253. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297111
Bryan, D., Dinesh, G., y Tripathy, A. (2013). Bankruptcy risk, productivity and firm strategy. Review of Accounting and Finance, 12(4), 309-326. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAF-06-2012-0052
Campa, D., y Camacho-Miñano, M-D-M. (2014). Manipulación del resultado entre empresas concursadas no cotizadas: Evidencia en España. Revista Española de Financiacion y Contabilidad, 43(1), 3-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02102412.2014.890820
Campa, D., y Camacho-Miñano, M-D-M. (2015). The impact of SME’s pre-bankruptcy financial distress on earnings management tools. International Review of Financial Analysis, 42, 222-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2015.07.004
Castillo, L. A., y San Martín, J. M. (2008). Los ajustes por devengo como medida de discrecionalidad directiva. Una revisión bibliográfica. Contaduría y Administración, (226), 9-37. https://doi.org/10.22201/fca.24488410e.2008.641
Charitou, A., Lambertides, N., y Trigeorgis, L. (2007). Managerial discretion in distressed firms. The British Accounting Review, 39(4), 323-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.08.003
Chen, K. Y., Elder, R. J., y Hsieh, Y-M. (2007). Corporate governance and earnings management: The implications of corporate governance best-practice principles for taiwanese listed companies. Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics, 3(2), 73-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1815-5669(10)70024-2
Cohen, D. A., Dey, A., y Lys, T. Z. (2008). Real and accrual-based earnings management in the pre - and post – sarbanes - oxley periods. The Accounting Review, 83(3), 757-787. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2008.83.3.757
Couwenberg, O. (2015). Financial distress. Wiley Encyclopedia of Management, 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118785317.weom040039
Davidson, S., Stickney, C. P., y Weil, R. L. (1987). Accounting: The language of business (7th ed). T. Horton.
DeAngelo, L. E. (1986). Accounting numbers as market valuation substitutes: A study of management buyouts of public stockholders. The Accounting Review, 61(3), 400-420.
Dechow, P. M., Sloan, R. G., y Sweeney, A. P. (1995). Detecting earnings management. The Accounting Review, 70(2), 193-225.
Farrell, K., Unlu, E., y Yu, J. (2014). Stock repurchases as an earnings management mechanism: The impact of financing constraints. Journal of Corporate Finance, 25, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.10.004
Fito, M. A., Plana-Erta, D., y Llobet, J. (2018). Usefulness of Z scoring models in the early detection of financial problems in bankrupt Spanish companies. Intangible Capital, 14(1), 162-170. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1108
Ghazali, A. W., Shafie, N. A., y Sanusi, Z. M. (2015). Earnings management: An analysis of opportunistic behaviour, monitoring mechanism and financial distress. Procedia Economics and Finance, 28, 190-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01100-4
Habib, A., Uddin, M. B., e Islam, A. (2013). Financial distress, earnings management and market pricing of accruals during the global financial crisis. Managerial Finance, 39(2), 155-180. https://doi.org/10.1108/03074351311294007
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., y Tatham, R. L. (1999). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.
Healy, P. M. (1985). The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7(1–3), 85-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(85)90029-1
Healy, P. M., y Wahlen, J. M. (1999). A review of the earnings management literature and its implications for standard setting. SSRN Electronic Journal, 13(4), 365-383. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.156445
Jones, J. J. (1991). Earnings management during import relief investigations. Journal of Accounting Research, 29(2), 193-228. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491047
Kang, S-H., y Sivaramakrishnan, K. (1995). Issues in testing earnings management and an instrumental variable approach. Journal of Accounting Research, 33(2), 353-367. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491492
Klein, A. (2002). Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(3), 375-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(02)00059-9
Kwak, B., y Mo, K. (2018). Executive pension, default risk, and earnings management*. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics, 25(3-4), 463-480. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2016.1277951
Li, F., Abeysekera, I., y Ma, S. (2011). Earnings management and the effect of earnings quality in relation to stress level and bankruptcy level of Chinese listed firms. Corporate Ownership and Control, 9(1), 366-391. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i1c3art2
Lin, H-W. W., Lo, H-C., y Wu, R-S. (2016). Modeling default prediction with earnings management. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 40(B), 306-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2016.01.005
Linhares, F. S., Moraes, F., y Beiruth, A. X. (2018). Earnings management and investment efficiency. Review of Business Management, 20(2), 295-310. https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v20i2.3180
Mai, F., Tian, S., Lee, C., y Ma, L. (2019). Deep learning models for bankruptcy prediction using textual disclosures. European Journal of Operational Research, 274(2), 743-758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.10.024
Martínez, H. R., Cazallo, A. M., Meñaca, I., y Uribe, C. M. (2020). Desempeño financiero de las empresas minoristas de alimentos y bebidas en Barranquilla - Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(1), 144-160. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i1.31316
Martínez, R., & Ronzón, X. (2016). Risk disclosure: First overview in the Mexican context. World of Accounting Science, 18, 511-536. https://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=1302258X&AN=113756770&h=mi3JK%2BiJp3AX49SFQoLhBeKtdwvd6ouBLUKmT9n9XEBQwh69NKEdH%2F%2BpmfyjtC9oIMhuwpCZ3YdKKWxWl4yYhQ%3D%3D&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLo
McVay, S. E. (2006). Earnings management using classification shifting: An examination of core earnings and special items. The Accounting Review, 81(3), 501-531. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2006.81.3.501
Proaño, S. A., Quiñonez, E. S., Molina, C. J., & Mejía, O. G. (2019). Desarrollo económico local en Ecuador: Relación entre producto interno bruto y sectores económicos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXV(E-1), 82-98. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v25i1.29598
Rodríguez, M., Piñeiro, C., y de Llano, P. (2014). Determinación del riesgo de fracaso financiero mediante la utilización de modelos paramétricos, de inteligencia artificial, y de información de auditoría. Estudios de Economía, 41(2), 187-217. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-52862014000200002
Rosner, R. L. (2003). Earnings manipulation in failing firms. Contemporary Accounting Research, 20(2), 361-408. https://doi.org/10.1506/8EVN-9KRB-3AE4-EE81
San Martín, J. M. (2012). An empirical examination of ownership structure, earnings management and growth opportunities in mexican market. International Journal of Business and Social Research, 2(7), 103-123.
Schipper, K. (1989). Comentary on earnings management. Accounting Horizons, 3(4), 91-102.
Teoh, S. H., Welch, I., y Wong, T. J. (1998). Earnings management and the underperformance of seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Financial Economics, 50(1), 63-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00032-4
Watts, R. L., y Zimmerman, J. L. (1978). Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards. The Accounting Review, 53(1), 112-134.
Wooldridge, J. (2009). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach. Cengage Learning.
Xu, Z. R., Taylor, G. K., y Dugan, M. T. (2007). Review of real earnings management literature. Journal of Accounting Literature, 26, 195-228.
Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the trade-off between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 87(2), 675-703. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10196
Publicado
2021-01-31
Cómo citar
Cumpean Luna, J. A., Briseño García, A., & Arango Herrera, E. (2021). Gestión de ganancias en el riesgo de quiebra de las empresas públicas mexicanas: Management of earnings in the risk of bankruptcy of Mexican public companies. Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 27(1), 127-143. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i1.35302
Número
Sección
Artículos
1.jpg)
1.jpg)
