Religious Support of European Archeological Projects in the Nineteenth Century

  • Haidar Jasim

Resumen

The archeology of the Near East was one of the important areas that attracted the interest of Europeans in modern history, since archeology was founded since the beginning of its emergence in the first decade of the nineteenth cen- tury on the basis of political predominantly, it was the arena of this science is the region of the Near East, the East is clearly linked In areas controlled by the Ottoman Empire, whether under its direct or moral control - for example, Egypt - or neighboring regions such as Persia, it is difficult to separate the ar- chaeological activities sponsored by France, as a forerunner in this area, from the opposing political projects developed by the great powers at the time, in order to achieve benefit. Archeology and its development clearly overlapped with the foreign policies of European countries in general, and the internal po- litical situation and its impact on the establishment and guidance - later - the activities of individuals and scientific and academic institutions in the form of Special.

Citas

(1) Galileo Galle, Galileo’s Discoveries and Views, Translation by Kamal Mohammed and Fathallah Al-Sheikh, Arabic Word and Matters for Trans- lation and Publishing, (Abu Dhabi, 2004), p. 14.

(2) Ronald Stromberg, the history of modern European thought 1601-1977, translation Ahmed al-Shaibani, i 3, the Arab reader, (Cairo, 1994), p 61. (3) Jean Tushar, History of Political Thoughts from the Renaissance to the Age of Lights, Translated by Naji Darawsheh (Damascus, 2010), Vol. 2, p. 435.

(4) Crane Brenton, the formation of the modern mind consciousness and art, translation Shawqi Galal, review Sidqi Hattab, the world of knowledge, (Kuwait, 1984), pp. 122-123.

(6) Naji Rashwan, cultural awareness and structural myths of visualization, narrative, analogy, Arabisk for publication and distribution, (Cairo, 2009), pp. 38-39.

(7) Stromberg, ibid., Pp. 64--67.

(8) Claude Riviere, Social Anthropology of Religions, Translation and Pres- entation by Osama Nabil, National Center for Translation, (Cairo, 2015), pp. 40-41.

(10) George Edward Avery, The Myth of Christianity between Truth and

Religious Support of European Archeological Projects in the Nineteenth

Century 2911

Fiction, translated by Adel Asaad al-Miriri, Afaq for Publishing and Distri- bution, (Cairo, 2015), p. 10.

(11) Noureddine Alloush, German critical school selected models, from the first generation to the third generation, Dar Al-Farabi, () Beirut, 2013, pp. 9-10.

(12) For more: Nicolai Berdyev, Isolation and Society, translated by Fouad Kamel Abdel Aziz, Afaq for Publishing and Distribution, (Cairo, 2018), pp. 110-111.

(13) Ernest Kaserer, State and Myth, translated by Ahmed Hamdy Mahmoud, a review of Ahmed Khaki, the Egyptian Book Organization, (Cairo, 1975), p. 245.

(14) Bertrand Russell, pp. 277-278, History of Western Philosophy, Book III Modern Philosophy, translated by Mohamed Fathy El-Sheniti, Egyptian General Book, (Alexandria, 1997),

(15) F. C. C. Harshaw, History, Translation and Commentary of Abdul Ha- mid Al-Abbadi, Committee of the Authoring, Translation and Publishing Committee, (Cairo, 1944), p. 68.

(16) Claude Riviere, Social Anthropology of Religions, Translation and Presentation by Osama Nabil, National Center for Translation, (Cairo, 2015), pp. 40-41.

(17) Josia Royce, The Religious Side of Philosophy, Translated by Ahmad Al-Ansari, Rev. Hassan Hanafi, Supreme Council of Culture, (Cairo, 2000), p. 101.

(18) 1729 - 1786 A German Jewish philosopher, born in Berlin from a poor Jewish family, worked in a silk spinning factory, had a neurological disease and suffered depression for most of his life, translated the five books of Moses into German, breaking one of the most important Jewish taboos For more: George Tarabichi, The Dictionary of Philosophers (Philosophers - Area - Speakers - Theologians - Sufis), 3rd edition, Dar Al-Taliah, (Beirut, 2006), p. 640.

(19) Stromberg, ibid., Pp. 254-255.

(21) Stromberg, ibid., Pp. 254-255.

(22) John Milton, Paradise Lost, translated by Hanna Abboud, Syrian Gen- eral Book Organization, (Damascus, 2011), p. 13.

(23) Nizar Semida, Biblical Visionary Texts - Their Fields and Implications for Religious Thought, Scientific Books House (Beirut, 2018), p. 275.

(24) Haider Jassem al-Ruwaie, “The doctrine of salvation in European fundamentalist thought and its impact on the East,” in a book readings in schools of intellectual history of the world, comparative intellectual and analytical studies, Dar al-Hadatha for Printing and Publishing, (Baghdad, 2019), pp. 282-293.

(27) Suzanne L. Marchand, German Orientalism in the Age of Empire, Re- ligion, Race, and Scholarship, op. cit, xvii ..

(28) Frederick Delic, Babylon and the Bible, translation of Irina Daoud, the Arab for printing and publishing, (Damascus, 1987), pp. 7-8.

(29) Marchand, op. cit., xvii.

(30) D. G. Lyon “A Half Century of Assyriology”, The Biblical World, The University of Chicago Press. 2, Aug., 1869, p. 124.

(31) Suhail Qasha, Babylon and the Torah, Dar Ibaad, (Beirut, 2011), p. 7. (32) Robert Francis Harper, The Discovery and Decipherment of The Cu- neiform Inscription, The Old and New Testament Student, Volume 14, 1892, p.14

(33) Suhail Qasha, Babylon and the Torah, Dar Ibaad, (Beirut, 2011), p. 7.

(34) Samuel Henry Hawk, mythology in Mesopotamia, translation of Jo- seph Dawood Abdul Qadir, House of the Republic, (Baghdad, 1968), p. 1. (35) Mustafa Zahar, Approaches to the Study of the Biblical Text, p. 254. Citing Tourists Biblical Event and Ancient Near East, pp. 121--122.

(36) Burton L. Mac, The Lost Gospel Book K and Christian Origins, Trans- lated by Muhammad al-Jura, Dar al-Kalima for Publishing and Distribu- tion (Damascus, 2007), p. 19.

(40) Brunnhofer, op. cit., p.25.

(41) Al-Ruwaie, ibid., P. 288.

(42) Brunnhofer, op. cit., p.25.

(44) Lyon, op. cit. ,, pp. 124-125.

(45) For more: Issam Kamel Mekhaimar, “The Kingdom of Judah between Destruction and Captivity in the Light of the Biblical and Babylonian Nar- ratives,” University of Sharjah Journal for Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. 14, no. 1, June 2017, pp. 131-147.

(46) Harper, op. cit., p.p.14.

(47) For more: Thomas L. Thomson, The Ancient History of the Israeli Peo- ple, Translated by Saleh Ali Soudah, Bisan for Publishing and Distribution, (Beirut, 1995), p.

(48) Lyon, op. cit., p. 125. (49) Harper, op. cit., p.15.

Publicado
2019-06-09
Cómo citar
Jasim, H. (2019). Religious Support of European Archeological Projects in the Nineteenth Century. Opción, 35, 28. Recuperado a partir de https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/opcion/article/view/31167