Cocos Gram positivos como agentes etiológicos de infecciones urinarias
Resumen
Se revisó la base de datos de los resultados de los urocultivos procesados en el Centro de Referencia Bacteriológica del Servicio Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo (CRB-SAHUM) a fin de establecer la frecuencia y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de cocos Gram positivos como agentes etiológicos de infecciones urinarias durante el periodo enero 2011-diciembre 2015. Estos microorganismos se detectaron con una frecuencia general de 5,52%; siendo los enterococos, los mas frecuentes (57,66%); seguidos de estreptococos (21,44%) y, finalmente, estafilococos (20,90%). Las especies más comúnmente aisladas, por género bacteriano, fueron: Enterococcus faecalis y Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus agalactiae. Los enterococos mostraron más resistencia a los antibióticos y expresaron mayor diversidad de perfiles de resistencia. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el sexo de los pacientes y la presencia de infección urinaria (p<0,05). La resistencia a oxacilina de las cepas de estafilococos y a vancomicina en enterococos está asociada con la co-resistencia antimicrobiana expresada por dichas cepas (p<0,05). Se detectaron porcentajes elevados de resistencia a ampicilina, levofloxacina, ciprofloxacina, norfloxacina, tetraciclina y eritromicina; sin embargo, se encontró una alta sensibilidad a vancomicina y teicoplanina, a excepción de los enterococos, que mostraron una baja sensibilidad a estos antibióticos
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2025 Maribel Josefina Castellano-González, Valeria de Jesús Durán Liendo, Ysmairiz de Jesús Rangel Moncada, Isabelle Virginia Sandoval-Castellano, Armindo José Perozo Mena
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