Epidemiological and virological characterization of mpox cases in Venezuela during the multinational 2022-2023 outbreak.
Caracterización epidemiológica y virológica de los casos de mpox en Venezuela durante el brote multinacional 2022-2023.
Palabras clave:
mpox, poxvirus, viruela símica, brote, Venezuela
Resumen
La mpox (antes conocida como viruela símica) es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por el virus MPXV, miembro de la familia Poxviridae. El 23 de julio de 2022, la OMS declaró la primera Emergencia de Salud Pública de Importancia Internacional de mpox, debido a un brote mundial en escalada, actualmente de baja intensidad. Se han descrito dos clados de MPXV y varios linajes dentro de cada uno de estos clados. El clado I, también conocido como clado centroafricano, causa una enfermedad más grave y letal que el clado II, el que circula en África occidental. El primer brote internacional (2022) fue causado por el clado IIb de MPXV, mientras que uno más reciente (2023-2024) es causado por el clado Ib. Venezuela notificó 12 casos durante el brote de 2022-2023. El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características epidemiológicas y virológicas de estos casos. Los primeros tres casos fueron de hombres que se infectaron fuera de Venezuela, mientras que la mayoría de los siguientes fueron de hombres que adquirieron la enfermedad en el país. Todos los casos fueron de hombres que tuvieron sexo con hombres y que viven con VIH-1/SIDA. No se observó ningún desenlace crítico en ninguno de los pacientes. El análisis de secuencias mostró que la mayoría de los MPXV pertenecían al linaje B.1 del clado IIb. La aparición recurrente de epidemias de mpox justifica una mayor implementación de programas de vacunación y vigilancia epidemiológica molecular.
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Citas
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Moros ZC, Loureiro CL, Jaspe RC, Sulbarán Y, Delgado M, Aristimuño OC, Franco C, Garzaro DJ, Rodríguez M, Rangel HR, Liprandi F, Pujol FH, Zambrano JL. Web-tools for the genomic analysis of the 2022 Monkeypox virus global outbreak. Inv Clin. 2023; 64: 68-80. https://doi.org/10.54817/IC.v64n1a06.
Zinnah MA, Uddin MB, Hasan T, Das S, Khatun F, Hasan MH, Udonsom R, Rahman MM, Ashour HM. The re-emergence of Mpox: old illness, modern challenges. Biomedicines 2024; 12: 1457. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12071457.
Sah R, Apostolopoulos V, Mehta R, Rohilla R, Sah S, Mohanty A, Mehta V, Feehan J, Luna C, de Novales FJM, AlTawfiq JA, Cascio A, Samayoa-Bran AJ, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Mpox strikes once more in 2024: declared again as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Travel Med Infect Dis 2024: 102753. doi: 10.1016/j. tmaid.2024.102753.
Gostin LO, Jha AK, Finch A. The Mpox Global Health Emergency — A time for solidarity and equity. N Engl J Med 2024; 391: 1265-1267. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp241039.
Vakaniaki EH, Kacita C, Kinganda-Lusamaki E, O’Toole Á, Wawina-Bokalanga T, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Amuri-Aziza A, Malyamungu-Bubala N, Mweshi-Kumbana F, Mutimbwa-Mambo L, Belesi-Siangoli F, Mujula Y, Parker E, Muswamba-Kayembe PC, Nundu SS, Lushima RS, Makangara-Cigolo JC, Mulopo-Mukanya N, Pukuta- Simbu E, Akil-Bandali P, Kavunga H, Abdramane O, Brosius I, Bangwen E, Vercauteren K, Sam-Agudu NA, Mills EJ, Tshiani-Mbaya O, Hoff NA, Rimoin AW, Hensley LE, Kindrachuk J, Baxter C, de Oliveira T, Ayouba A, Peeters M, Delaporte E, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Mohr EL, Sullivan NJ, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Nachega JB, Rambaut A, Liesenborghs L, Mbala- Kingebeni P. Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nat Med 2024; 13. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03130-3.
Beeson A, Styczynski A, Hutson CL, Whitehill F, Angelo KM, Minhaj FS, Morgan C, Ciampaglio K, Reynolds MG, McCollum AM, Guagliardo SAJ. Mpox respiratory transmission: the state of the evidence. Lancet Microbe 2023; 4: e277-e283. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00034-4.
WHO. 2022. https://www.who.int/europe/ news/item/23-07-2022-who-director-general-declares-the-ongoing-monkeypox-out-break-a-public-health-event-of-internatio-nal-concern. Accessed on September 30, 2024.
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WHO. 2024. https://www.who.int/news/ item/14-08-2024-who-director-general-declares-mpox-outbreak-a-public-health-emergency-of-international-concern. Accessed on September 30, 2024.
GISAID. 2024. https://www.epicov.org/epi3/frontend#1e17b0. Accessed on August 28, 2024.
Berthet N, Descorps-Declère S, Besombes C, Curaudeau M, Nkili Meyong AA, Selekon B, Labouba I, Gonofio EC, Ouilibona RS, Simo Tchetgna HD, Feher M, Fontanet A, Kazanji M, Manuguerra JC, Hassanin A, Gessain A, Nakoune E. Genomic history of human monkey pox infections in the Central African Republic between 2001 and 2018. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13085. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92315-8.
Bunge EM, Hoet B, Chen L, Lienert F, Weidenthaler H, Baer LR, Steffen R. The changing epidemiology of human monkey pox-A potential threat? A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16: e0010141. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010141.
Likos AM, Sammons SA, Olson VA, Frace AM, Li Y, Olsen-Rasmussen M, Davidson W, Galloway R, Khristova ML, Reynolds MG, Zhao H, Carroll DS, Curns A, Formenty P, Esposito JJ, Regnery RL, Damon IK. A tale of two clades: monkeypox viruses. J Gen Virol 2005; 86: 2661-2672. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.81215-0.
PAHO. 2024. https://shiny.paho-phe.org/mpox/. accessed on September 30, 2024.
D’Angelo P, Loureiro CL, Jaspe RC, Sulbaran YF, Rodríguez L, Alarcón V, García JM, Zambrano JL, Liprandi F, Rangel HR, Pujol FH. First case of Monkeypox in Venezuela: partial complete genome sequence allowed its grouping into the West African Clade II. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 8: 2. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010002.
Welkers M, Jonges M and van den Ouden A. Monkeypox virus whole genome sequencing using combination of Next-GenPCR and Oxford Nanopore V.1 https:// www.protocols.io/view/monkeypox-virus-whole-genome-sequencing-using-comb- n2bvj6155lk5/v1?step=1.1. Accessed on August 29, 2024.
Tamura K, Stecher G, Kumar S. MEGA11: Molecular Revolutionary Genetics Analysis version 11. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38: 3022-3027. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msab120.
Molina IS, Jimenez-Vasquez V, Lizarraga W, Sevilla N, Hurtado V, Padilla-Rojas C. Sub-lineage B.1.6 of hMPXV in a global context: Phylogeny and epidemiology. J Med Virol 2023; 95: e29056. doi: 10.1002/ jmv.29056.
Comegna M, Flora-Noda DM, Carrión-Nessi FS, Adamidis I, Moreno J, Landaeta ME, Forero-Peña DA. The arrival of Mpox in Venezuela: Why so few cases? Travel Med Infect 2023; 54: 102599. doi: 10.1016/j. tmaid.2023.102599.
Acharya A, Kumar N, Singh K, Byrareddy SN. Mpox in MSM: tackling stigma, minimizing risk factors, exploring patho-genesis, and treatment approaches. Bio-med J 2024: 100746. doi: 10.1016/j. bj.2024.100746.
ECDC. 2024. Confirmed mpox clade Ib case in Germany, risk remains low for EU/ EEA. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events/confirmed-mpox-clade-ib-ca- se-germany-risk-remains-low-eueea. Acces- sed on October 27, 2024.
Delamonica B, Davalos L, Larijani M, Anthony SJ, Liu J, MacCarthy T. Evolutionary potential of the monkeypox genome arising from interactions with human APOBEC3 enzymes. Virus Evol 2023; 9: vead047. doi: 10.1093/ve/vead047.
Adamu AA, Okeibunor J, Doshi RH, Wiysonge CS. Enhancing mpox response in Africa with implementation science. Lancet 2024; 30: S0140-6736(24)01807-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01807-5.
Sah R, Abdelaal A, Asija A, Basnyat S, Sedhai YR, Ghimire S, Sah S, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Monkey pox virus containment: the application of ring vaccination and possible challenges. J Travel Med 2022; 29(6): taac085. doi: 10.1093/jtm/taac085.
Publicado
2024-12-02
Cómo citar
D´AngeloP., Loureiro , C., Jaspe , R., Sulbarán, Y., Rodríguez, L., Alarcón, V., Monsalve, I., García, J. M., Zambrano, J. L., Rangel, H., & Pujol, F. H. (2024). Epidemiological and virological characterization of mpox cases in Venezuela during the multinational 2022-2023 outbreak.: Caracterización epidemiológica y virológica de los casos de mpox en Venezuela durante el brote multinacional 2022-2023. Investigación Clínica, 65(4), 445-453. https://doi.org/10.54817/IC.v65n4a05
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