Virus papiloma humano, infecciones de transmisión sexual y microbioma vagino cervical en el desarrollo de lesiones premalignas y malignas del cuello uterino. / Human papillomavirus, sexually transmitted infections and cervicovaginal microbiome in the development of premalignant and malignant uterine cervix lesions.

  • Marta Ramos Universidad Técnica de Ambato
  • Mónica Moreno Hospital Andino Riobamba
  • Diana Callejas Universidad del Zulia
  • Luis Téllez Universidad de Los Andes
Palabras clave: virus del papiloma humano, infecciones de transmisión sexual, microbioma vagino cervical, cáncer de cuello uterino, human papilloma virus, sexually transmitted infections, vagino cervical microbiome, cervical cancer.

Resumen

Resumen:

Estudios recientes han descrito que la alteración de la microbiota vaginal y cervical podría conllevar a un microambiente propicio para el desarrollo de lesiones neoplásicas cervicales bajo ciertas infecciones. Los cambios en las comunidades bacterianas, elevación del pH, la vaginosis bacteriana y las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) pueden alterar el microambiente cervicovaginal y permitir la persistencia de microorganismos como el virus papiloma humano (VPH), promoviendo el desarrollo de displasia cervical. El presente estudio identificó evidencias bibliográficas de asociación entre la infección con VPH, otras ITS, y el microbioma vaginocervical en el desarrollo de estas lesiones. Se consultaron fuentes originales de las bases: PubMed, Sciencedirect, Springerlink, sin limitación en fechas de publicación; se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: «Infecciones de transmisión sexual y cáncer cervical», «microbiota vaginal, infección por VPH y neoplasia cervical intraepitelial», «microbiota vaginal y cervical» y «relación entre cáncer y microbiota vaginal». La muestra final fue de 43 publicaciones. El VPH oncogénico se ha asociado significativamente con G. vaginalis (p<0,025), la cual se ha detectado hasta un 91,9% en mujeres con lesiones cervicales, mostrando mayor detección en lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado (LIEAG). La depleción de Lactobacillus y una mayor diversidad microbiana facilitan la infección por el VPH y podrían estar involucrados en la persistencia viral y el desarrollo del cáncer. Es importante la detección de estas asociaciones microbianas, que actúan como cofactores en el desarrollo de lesiones cancerosas, facilitando la persistencia de la infección por VPH oncogénicos y, por ende, el desarrollo de cáncer

Abstract.

Recently studies have described that the alteration of the vaginal and cervical microbiota could lead to a favorable microenvironment for the development of neoplastic cervical lesions under certain infections. Changes in bacterial communities, pH elevation, bacterial vaginosis and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can alter the cervicovaginal microenvironment and allow the persistence of microorganisms such as the human papilloma virus (HPV), promoting the development of cervical dysplasia. The present study identified bibliographic evidences of associations between infection with HPV, other STIs, and the vaginocervical microbiome in the development of these lesions. Original sources of the bases were consulted: PubMed, Sciencedirect, Springerlink, without limitation on dates of publication; were used: «Sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancer», «vaginal microbiota, HPV infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia», «vaginal and cervical microbiota», «Relationship between cancer and vaginal microbiota». The final sample was 43 publications. Oncogenic HPV has been significantly associated with G. vaginalis (p<0.025), and it has been detected up to 91.9% in women with cervical lesions; showing greater detection in high-grade intraepithelial lesions (LIEAG). Depletion of Lactobacillus and greater microbial diversity facilitate HPV infection and may be involved in viral persistence and cancer development. It is important to detect these microbial associations, which act as cofactors in the development of cancerous lesions, facilitating the persistence of oncogenic HPV infection, and therefore the development of cancer.

Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.

Citas

Organización Mundial de la Salud. Infec- ciones de transmisión sexual. 2016; Con- sultado en: [En línea] 2016 [Citado el 18 de agosto del 2018] disponible en: http:// www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs110/es/.

Garaycochea M, Pino R, Chávez I, Portilla J, Miraval M, Arguedas E, Linares P, Cabe- zudo E, Romero S, Espinoza M. Sexually transmitted infections in women living in a prison in Lima, Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Sa- lud Pública 2013; 30(3):423-427.

Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Guía de atención integral de las Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual 2011. Consultado en: [En línea] 2011 [Citado el 18 de abril del 2018] disponible en: www. paho.org/ecu/index.php?option=com_ content&view=article&id=512:guia-aten- cion-integral-infecciones-transmision-se- xual-2011&Itemid=972.

Shew M, Fortenberry J, Tu W, Juliar B, Batteiger B, Qadadri B, Brown D. Associa- tion of condom use, sexual behaviors, and sexually transmitted infections with the du- ration of genital human papillomavirus in- fection among adolescent women. Arch Pe- diatr Adolesc Med 2006; 160(2): 151-156.

Zhu H, Shen Z, Luo H, Zhang W, Zhu X. Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection-Associa- ted Risk of Cervical Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(13):e3077.

Samoff E, Koumans E, Markowitz L, Ster- nberg M, Sawyer M, Swan D, Papp J, Black C, Unger E. Association of Chlamydia tra- chomatis with persistence of high-risk ty- pes of human papillomavirus in a cohort of female adolescents. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162(7): 668-675.

Knowlton A, Brown H, Richards T, An- dreolas L, Patel R, Grieshaber S. Chla- mydia trachomatis infection causes mitotic spindle pole defects independently from its effects on centrosome amplification. Traffic 2011;12(7):854-866.

Sun H, Wilde A, Harrison R. Chlamydia trachomatis inclusions induce asymme- tric cleavage furrow formation and ingres- sion failure in host cells. Mol Cell Biol 2011;31(24):5011-5022.

Kahesa C, Mwaiselage J, Wabinga HR, Ngoma T, Kalyango JN, Karamagi CA. As- sociation between invasive cancer of the cervix and HIV-1 infection in Tanzania: the need for dual screening. BMC Public Health 2008;8:262.

Holmes K, Bertozzi S, Bloom B, Jha P, Ge- lband H, DeMaria L, Horton S. Major In- fectious Diseases: Key Messages from Disea- se Control Priorities. En: Holmes K, Stefano Bertozzi S, Bloom B, Prabhat Jha. Disease Control Priorities. (3rd ed). Washington, DC: World Bank; 2017. P: 1-27.

Bruni L, Diaz M, Castellsagué X, Ferrer E, Bosch FX, de Sanjosé S. Cervical human papillomavirus prevalence in 5 continents: meta-analysis of 1 million women with normal cytological findings. J Infect Dis 2010;202(12):1789-1799.

Chrysostomou A, Stylianou D, Cons- tantinidou A, Kostrikis L. Cervical can- cer screening programs in Europe: the transition towards HPV vaccination and population-based HPV testing. Viruses 2018;10(12):729.

Yanik EL, Napravnik S, Cole SR, Achenbach CJ, Gopal S, Olshan A, Dittmer DP, Kita- hata MM, Mugavero MJ, Saag M, Moore RD, Mayer K, Mathews WC, Hunt PW, Ro- driguez B, Eron JJ. Incidence and timing of cancer in HIV-infected individuals following initiation of combination antiretroviral the- rapy. Clin Infect Dis 2013;57(5):756-764.

Salters KA, Cescon A, Zhang W, Ogilvie G, Murray MC, Coldman A, Hamm J, Chiu CG, Montaner JS, Wiseman SM, Money D, Pick N, Hogg RS. Cancer incidence among HIV-positive women in British Columbia, Ca- nada: Heightened risk of virus-related malig- nancies. HIV Med 2016;17(3):188-195.

Amorim A, Marques L, Campos G, Lobão T, De Souza Lino V, Cintra R, Andreoli M, Villa L, Boccardo E, Junior A, López R, Dos Santos D, De Souza G, Romano C, Ti- menetsky J. Co-infection of sexually trans- mitted pathogens and human papillomavi- rus in cervical samples of women of Brazil. BMC Infect Dis 2017;17(1):769.

Lukic A, Canzio C, Patella A, Giovagnoli M, Cipriani P, Frega A, Moscarini M. Deter- mination of cervicovaginal microorganisms in women with abnormal cervical cytology: the role of Ureaplasma urealyticum. Anti- cancer Res 2006;26(6C):4843-4849.

Mitsuaki O, Jumpei K, Kaori O, Kenji K, Tadasi F, Natsuko S, Timothy C, Hiromi Y, Masahiko F. Cytological features associated with Ureaplasma Urealyticum in pap cervi- cal smear. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18(8): 2239–2242.

Zur, H. Papillomaviruses in human cancers. Proc Assoc Am Physic 1999; 111(6): 581-587.

Zur, H. Papillomaviruses in the causation of human cancers-a brief historical account. Virology 2009; 384(2): 260-265

Burk R, Chen Z, Van Doorslaer K. Human papillomaviruses: genetic basis of carcino- genicity. Public Health Genom 2009; 12: 281-290.

Campbell K. The infectious causes of can- cer. Nurs Times 2006; 102(33): 28-30.

Castellsagué X. Natural history and epide- miology of HPV infection and cervical can- cer. Gynecol Oncol 2008; 110 (3 Suppl 2): S4-S7.

Gravitt P. The known unknowns of HPV na- tural history. J Clin Invest 2011; 121(12): 4593-4599.

Haghshenas M, Golini M, Rafiee A, Ema- deian O, Shykhpour A, Ashrafi G. Preva- lence and type distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus in patients with cer- vical cancer: a population-based study. In- fect Agent Cancer 2013;8(1):20.

Haverkos H. Multifactorial etiology of cer- vical cancer: a hypothesis. Med Gen Med 2005; 7(4): 57.

Ferreiro M, Rodríguez M, Fernández J, Díaz J, Roye R. Análisis del comportamien- to de las ITS en Venezuela durante los últi- mos 10 años. Dermatol Venez 2004;42(3): 38-42.

Núñez J, Delgado M, González J, Mindiola R, Velásquez J, Conde B, Whitby D, Mun- roe D. Prevalence and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection in asymptomatic women in a Venezuelan urban area. Invest Clin 2009; 50(2): 203-212.

Organización Panamericana de la salud (OPS). Cáncer Cérvicouterino. 2018; Con- sultado en: [En línea] 2019 [Citado el 1 de octubre del 2019] disponible en:https:// www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_ content&view=article&id=5420:2018-cer- vical-cancer&Itemid=3637&lang=es.

Agencia Internacional para la Investiga- ción del Cancer/OMS. The Global Can- cer Observatory (Globocan) 2018 World/ Americas región/Ecuador. Consultado en: [En línea] 2018 [Citado el 1 de octubre del 2019] disponible en: http://gco.iarc. fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/900- world-fact-sheets.pdf.

Vinokurova S, Wentzensen N, Kraus I, Klaes R, Driesch C, Melsheimer P, Kisseljov F, Dürst M, Schneider A, von Knebel Doeberitz M. Type-dependent integration frequency of human papillomavirus genomes in cervical lesions. Cancer Res 2008;68(1):307-313.

Sellors J, Sankaranarayanan R. La colpos- copia y el tratamiento de la neoplasia intrae- pitelial cervical. Manual para principiantes. Francia: Centro Internacional de Investiga- ciones sobre el Cáncer; 2003. p. 13-19.

Muhleisen AL, Herbst-Kralovetz MM. Me- nopause and the vaginal microbiome. Matu- ritas 2016;91:42-50.

Kyrgiou M, Mitra A, Moscicki AB. Does the vaginal microbiota play a role in the development of cervical cancer? Transl Res 2016;179:168-182.

Martína R, Soberóna N, Vázqueza F, Suá- reza J. Vaginal microbiota: composition, protective role, associated pathologies, and therapeutic perspectives. Enferm Infecc Mi- crobiol Clin 2008; 26 (3): 125-183.

Álvarez G, Suárez E, Rodríguez JM, Pérez J. La microbiota en la mujer; aplicacio- nes clínicas de los probióticos. Nutr Hosp 2015;32(Supl. 1):56-61.

Van de Wijge J. The vaginal microbiome and sexually transmitted infections are inter- linked: Consequences for treatment and pre- vention. PLoS Med 2017;14(12):e1002478.

Mitra A, MacIntyre DA, Marchesi JR, Lee YS, Bennett PR, Kyrgiou M. The vaginal microbiota, human papillomavirus infec- tion and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: what do we know and where are we going next? Microbiome 2016;4(1):58.

Avilés J, Yu G, Torres P, Madrid M, Torres J. On the search to elucidate the role of mi- crobiota in the genesis of cancer: The ca- ses of gastrointestinal and cervical cancer. Arch Med Res 2017;48(8):754-765.

Oh H, Kim B, Seo S, Kong J, Lee J, Park S, Hong K, Kim H, Kim M. The associa- tion of uterine cervical microbiota with an increased risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Korea. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015;21(7):674.e1-9.

Champer M, Wong AM, Champer J, Brito IL, Messer PW, Hou JY, Wright JD. The role of the vaginal microbiome in gynaecologi- cal cancer. BJOG 2018;125(3):309-315.

Romero P, Bandala C, Jiménez J, Valdes- pino M, Rodríguez M, Gama R, Bandera A, Mendoza M, Taniguchi K, Marrero D, López R, Ramón E, Salcedo M. Bacterias relacionadas con vaginosis bacteriana y su asociación a la infección por virus del pa- piloma humano. Med Clin (Barc) 2018. pii: S0025-7753(18)30087-3.

Magaña M, Contreras A, Chavez A, Lizano M, De la Cruz Y, De la Cruz E. Prevalence of sexually transmitted pathogens associa- ted with HPV infection in cervical samples in a Mexican population. J Med Virol 2015 ;87(12):2098-2105.

Di Paola M, Sani C, Clemente A, Lossa A, Perissi E, Castronovo G, Tanturli M, Rive- ro D, Cozzolino F, Cavalieri D, Carozzi F, De Filippo C, Torcia M. Characterization of cervico-vaginal microbiota in women developing persistent high-risk human pa- pillomavirus infection. Sci Rep 2017;7(1): 10200.

Zhang C, Liu Y, Gao W, Pan Y, Gao Y, Shen J, Xiong H. The direct and indirect asso- ciation of cervical microbiota with the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer Med 2018;7(5):2172-2179.

Di Pietro M, Filardo S, Porpora MG, Recine N, Latino MA, Sessa R. HPV/Chlamydia tra- chomatis co-infection: metagenomic analy- sis of cervical microbiota in asymptomatic women. New Microbiol 2018;41(1):34-41.

Publicado
2020-04-14
Cómo citar
Ramos, M., Moreno, M., Callejas, D., & Téllez, L. (2020). Virus papiloma humano, infecciones de transmisión sexual y microbioma vagino cervical en el desarrollo de lesiones premalignas y malignas del cuello uterino. / Human papillomavirus, sexually transmitted infections and cervicovaginal microbiome in the development of premalignant and malignant uterine cervix lesions. Investigación Clínica, 60(4), 336-351. Recuperado a partir de https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/investigacion/article/view/31673