Learning based on human preferences: A pilot study regarding the student's perception of the AI and the use of ChatGPT
Abstract
The study examined the awareness, understanding, and attitudes of students towards artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on educational management. A survey with open-ended questions was used for data collection. The objective was to analyze the respondents' perception of the importance, use, and impact of AI, including ChatGPT, in their workplace and educational settings. It was administered to 25 master's students at the Faculty of Finance and Banking, University of Economic Studies in Bucharest. The conclusions were based on processing the open-ended responses using an AI tool. The findings revealed that all respondents were aware of the presence of AI. The main sources of information about AI were the workplace, social media, and friends. The sentiment analysis of the responses showed a higher positive coefficient regarding the impact of AI on education. While acknowledging the limitations of this pilot study, the main conclusions indicate that students are receptive to the digitalized society. The use of platforms like ChatGPT and AI software in practical activities is limited. They cautiously value the experience of working with AI text generators. The predominance of positive sentiments related to the use of ChatGPT in both the workplace and educational activities provides a solid foundation for the formal, coherent, efficient, and participatory integration of AI into responsible educational approaches and processes.
Downloads
References
Akhavan, M., Ghiara, H., Mariotti, I., & Sillig, C. (2020). “Logistics global network connectivity and its determinants. A European City network analysis.” Journal of Transport Geography, 82, 102624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.102624
Alam, A. (2022). “Employing Adaptive Learning and Intelligent Tutoring Robots for Virtual Classrooms and Smart Campuses: Reforming Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence”. In: Shaw, R.N., Das, S., Piuri, V., Bianchini, M. (eds) Advanced Computing and Intelligent Technologies. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 914. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981- 19-2980-9_32
Aleven, V., McLaren, B. M., Roll, I., & Koedinger, K. R. (2006). “Toward Meta- cognitive Tutoring: A Model of help seeking with a Cognitive Tutor”. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 16(2), 101- 128.
Ansari, M. F., Dash, B., Sharma, P., & Yathiraju, N. (2023). “The Impact and Limitations of Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity: A Literature Review.” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering-SSR. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4323317
Bahroun, Z., Anane, C., Ahmed, V., & Zacca, A. (2023). “Transforming Education: A Comprehensive Review of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Educational Settings through Bibliometric and Content Analysis.” Sustainability, 15, 12983. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712983
Bakir, N. (2016). “Technology and Teacher Education: A Brief Glimpse of the Research and Practice that Have Shaped the Field”. TechTrends, 60, 21-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-015-0013-4
Bharadiya, J. (2023).” Artificial Intelligence in Transportation Systems A Critical Review.” American Journal of Computing and Engineering, 6(1), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.47672/ajce.1487
Chakraborty, P., Mittal, P., Gupta, M. S., Yadav, S., & Arora, A. (2020). “Opinion of students on online education during the COVID-19 pandemic.” Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.240
Chandra, S., Verma, S., Lim, W. M., Kumar, S., & Donthu, N. (2022). “Personalization in personalized marketing: Trends and ways forward”. Psychology & Marketing, 39, 1529-1562. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21670
Chen, X., Xie, H., & Hwang, G. J. (2020). “A multi-perspective study on Artificial Intelligence in Education: grants, conferences, journals, software tools, institutions, and researchers.” Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 1(3),100005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2020.100005
Chen, X., Zou, D., Xie, H., Cheng, G., & Liu, C. (2022). “Two Decades of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Contributors, Collaborations, Research Topics, Challenges, and Future Directions: Educational Technology & Society, 25(1), 28-47. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48647028
Chiou, M., Epsimos, G. T., Nikolaou, G., Pappas, P., Petousakis, G., Mühl, S., & Stolkin, R. (2022). Robot-Assisted Nuclear Disaster Response: “Report and Insights from a Field Exercise”. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 4545-4552. https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS47612.2022.9981881
Chiu, T. K. F., Xia, Q., Zhou, X., & Chai, C. S., & Cheng, M. (2023). “Systematic literature review on opportunities, challenges, and future research recommendations of artificial intelligence in education”. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 4(3), 100118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100118.
Chowdhary, K. R. (2020). “Natural Language Processing.” In Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence. Springer. New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3972-7_19
Chu, H. C., Hwang, G. H., Tu, Y. F., & Yang, K. H. (2022). “Roles and research trends of artificial intelligence in higher education: A systematic review of the top 50 most-cited articles”. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 38(3), 22-42. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.7526
Feroz, A. K., Zo, H., & Chiravuri, A. (2021). “Digital Transformation and Environmental Sustainability: A Review and Research Agenda”. Sustainability, 13, 1530. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13031530
Fu, D., & Houlette, R. (2002). “Putting AI in entertainment: an AI authoring tool for simulation and games.” IEEE Intelligent Systems, 17(4), 81-84. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2002.1024756
Gao, Y., & Liu, H. (2022). “Artificial intelligence-enabled personalization in interactive marketing: a customer journey perspective.” Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2022-0023
Gkontzis, A. F., Kotsiantis, S., Kalles, D., Panagiotakopoulos, C. T., & Verykios, V. S. (2020).” Polarity, emotions and online activity of students and tutors as features in predicting grades.” Intell. Decis. Technol., 14(3), 409- 436. https://doi.org/10.3233/idt-190137
Hodges, C. B., Barbour, M., & Ferdig, R. E. (2022). “A 2025 Vision for Building Access to K-12 Online and Blended Learning in Pre-service Teacher Education.” Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 30(2), 201-216. Waynesville, NC USA: Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education. https://www.learntechlib.org/primary/p/221153/
Holland, B. J. (2023). “ChatGPT 3.5 and 4: Bits Ramifications on Librarianship, Academia, Education, Publishing, and the Workplace.” In B. Holland (ed.), Handbook of Research on Advancements of Contactless Technology and Service Innovation in Library and Information Science (pp. 316-340). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7693-2.ch016
Hwang, G. J., Xie, H., Wah, B. W., & Gašević-Vision, D. (2020). “Challenges, Roles and Research Issues of Artificial Intelligence in Education-Computers and Education.” Artificial Intelligence, 1, 100001.
In J. “Introduction of a pilot study.” Korean J Anesthesiol. 2017 Dec;70(6):601-605. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2017.70.6.601. Epub 2017 Nov 14. PMID: 29225742; PMCID: PMC5716817.
Jarret, A., Kwang, K., & Choo, R. (2021). “The impact of automation and artificial intelligence on digital forensics-Wires Forensic Science.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1418
Lee, M., Mesicek, L., Bae, K., & Ko, H. (2023). “AI advisor platform for disaster response based on big data.” Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience, 35(16), e6215. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.6215
Leyva-Mayorga, I., Soret, B., Matthiesen, B., Röper, M., Wübben, D., Dekorsy, A., & Popovski, P. (2022). “NGSO Constellation Design for Global Connectivity- Computer Science” Networking and Internet Architecture, Book chapter Cornel University. https://doi.org/10.1049/PBTE105E
Linardos, V., Drakaki, M., Tzionas, P., & Karnavas, Y. L. (2022). “Machine Learning in Disaster Management: Recent Developments in Methods and Applications.” Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction, 4(2), 446-473. https://doi.org/10.3390/make4020020
Liu S. Y. (2020). “Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Agriculture.” IT Professional, 22(3), 14-15. https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2020.2986121
Liu, M., Yu, D. “Towards intelligent E-learning systems.” Educ Inf Technol 28, 7845–7876 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11479-6
Marcello, M. M., Machado, I., Magrelli, V., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2023). “Artificial intelligence in innovation research: A systematic review, conceptual framework, and future research directions.” Technovation, 122, 102623. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102623.
Mijwil, M. M., Aggarwal, K., Mutar, D. S., Mansour, N., & Singh, R. S. S. (2022). “The Position of Artificial Intelligence in the Future of Education: An Overview.” Asian Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.24203/ajas.v10i2.6956
Mellinger, C. D., & Hanson, T. A. (2020). “Methodological considerations for survey research:Validity, reliability, and quantitative analysis.” Linguistica Antverpiensia, New Series: Themes in Translation Studies, 19, 172–190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v19i0.549
Milana C, Ashta A.” Artificial intelligence techniques in finance and financial markets: A survey of the literature.” Strategic Change. 2021; 30: 189–209 Mellinger, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2403
Misuraca, M., Scepi, G., & Spano, M. (2021). “Using Opinion Mining as an educational analytic: An integrated strategy for the analysis of students’ feedback.” Studies in Educational Evaluation, 68, 100979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2021.100979
Nader, K., Toprac, P., Scott, S., & Baker, S. (2022).” Public understanding of artificial intelligence through entertainment media.” AI & Soc. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01427-w
Nikolić N., Grljević O., & Kovačević A. (2020). “Aspect-based sentiment analysis of reviews in the domain of higher education,” Electron. Libr., 38(1), 44- 64. https://doi.org/10.1108/el-06-2019-0140
Nti, I. K., Adekoya, A. F., Weyori, B. A., & Owusu, N. B. (2022). “Applications of artificial intelligence in engineering and manufacturing: a systematic review.” Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 33(6), 1581-1601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01771-6
Ömer Osmanoǧlu, U., Atak O. N., Çaǧlar K., Kayhan, H., & Can, T. (2020). “Sentiment analysis for distance education course materials: A machine learning approach.” Journal of Education Technology and Online Learning, 3(1), 31- 48. https://doi.org/10.31681/jetol.663733
Prashant, S., Zeinab, E., Yui-yip, L., Borowska-Stefańska, M., Wiśniewski, S., & Maxim, A. (2022). “Dulebenets, Blockchain and AI technology convergence: Applications in transportation systems,” Vehicular Communications, 38, 00521, ISSN 2214-2096, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vehcom.2022.100521
Raina, V., & Krishnamurthy, S. (2022).” Natural Language Processing. In Building an Effective Data Science Practice.” Apress, Berkeley, CA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-7419-4_6
Ryan, S. B., Martin, T., & Rossi, L. M. (2016). “Educational Data Mining and Learning” Analytics- 16 November. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118956588.ch16-
Saraswat, D., Bhattacharya, P., Verma, A., Prasad, V. K., Tanwar, S., & Sharma, G. (2022). “Explainable AI for Healthcare 5.0: Opportunities and Challenges.” IEEE Access, 10, 84486-84517. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3197671
Sarmah, S. S. (2019). “Artificial Intelligence in Automation”- RESEARCH REVIEW. International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 04(06).
Shamima, A., Alshater, M. M., Ammari, A. E., & Hammami, H. (2022). “Artificial intelligence and machine learning in finance: A bibliometric review”. Research in International Business and Finance, 61, 101646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2022.101646
Shangyao, Y., & Yu‐Lin, S. (2007). “A time‐space network model for work team scheduling after a major disaster.” Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 30(1), 63-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2007.9671231
Sharma, R. (2021). “Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture: A Review. “ 5th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS), 937-942, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICCS51141.2021.9432187
Shaik, T., Tao, X., Dann, C., Xie, H., Li, Y., & Galligan, L. (2023). “Sentiment analysis and opinion mining on educational data: A survey.” Natural Language Processing Journal, 2, 100003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlp.2022.100003
Siedlecki, Sandra L,(2022) PhD, RN, APRN-CNS, FAAN. “Conducting Interviews for Qualitative Research Studies.” Clinical Nurse Specialist 36(2):p 78-80, 3/4 2022. | DOI: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000653
Stahl, B. S. (2022). “Responsible innovation ecosystems: Ethical implications of the application of the ecosystem concept to artificial intelligence.” International Journal of Information Management, 62, 102441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102441
Sung-Hee Jin, Kowloon Im, Mina Yoo, Ido Roll, Kyoungwon Seo- “Supporting students’ self-regulated learning in online learning using artificial intelligence applications” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00406-5,
Tsolakis, N., Zissis, D., Papaefthimiou, S., & Korfiatis, N. (2022). “Towards AI driven Mellinger,environmental sustainability: an application of automated logistics in container port terminals.” International Journal of Production Research, 60(14), 4508-4528. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1914355.
Woolf, B., Burleson, W., Arroyo, I., Dragon, T., Cooper, D. G., & Picard, R. W. (2009). “Affect-aware tutors: recognizing and responding to student effect.” International Journal of Learning Technology, 4(3/4), 129-164. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLT.2009.028804
Yao, X., Zhou, J., Zhang, J., & Boër, C. R. (2017). “From Intelligent Manufacturing to Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0 Driven by Next Generation Artificial Intelligence and Further On," 5th International Conference on Enterprise Systems (ES) pp. 311-318, Beijing, China. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/ES.2017.58.
Yu, K. H., Beam, A. L., & Kohane, I. S. (2018). “Artificial intelligence in healthcare.” Nature Biomedical Engineering, 2(10), 719-731. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-018-0305-z
Zhang, Z., Ning, H., Shi, F., Farha, F., Xu, Y., Xu, J., Zhang, F., & Raymond Choo, K. K. (2022). “Artificial intelligence in cyber security: research advances, challenges, and opportunities.” Artificial Intelligence Review, 55, 1029-1053. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-021-09976-0
Webinars:
Webinar : Unlocking the Power of AI: How Tools Like ChatGPT Can Make Teaching Easier and More Effective-HBP, May 2, 2023-https://hbsp.harvard.edu/webinars/unlocking-the-power-of-ai/?cid=email%7Cmarketo%7C2023-05-03-webinar- recording-unlocking-the-power-of-ai%7C1257639%7Cwebinar%7Cwebinar-registrant%7Cwebinar-recording-page%7Cmay2023&acctID=8303506&mkt_tok=ODU1LUFUWi0yOTQAAAGLgOQwyjF83cUJGm3uSMFE6b3p10gw0n40c0OMJeqjrgo1991YzwiM5o1Wur8LmOTLI0P70hpDktd9w6TaWakjWevwHooL97i_Et5uv7XCvA
Webinar-Will AI Replace the Educator- HBP August 10, 2023 -https://hbsp.harvard.edu/webinars/will-ai-replace-the-educator/?cid=email%7Cmarketo%7C2023-08-11-webinar-recording-will-ai-replace-the-educator%7C1257639%7Cwebinar%7Cwebinar-registrant%7Cwebinar-recording-page%7Caug2023&acctID=8303506&mkt_tok=ODU1LUFUWi0yOTQAAAGNg97w5StIIzze_m5AApAmRjw9rgdw8gWDoUfL3Y03xNYSikCoMf_ym63ya35os2_sxHvu3N6orlHzC5VEMLOf2AqqEBwOYpBaEz0BdWCxeg
Webinar- Experimenting with AI in the Classroom-Harvard School of Education-September 6, 2023- https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/education--now/23/09/experimenting-ai-classroom?utm_source=EdNowTY&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=EdNow090723