Effect of the application of a biofertilizer on the yield of forage oats (Avena sativa L.) in the southern Durango, Mexico
Keywords:
Biol, bovine manure, production, fermentation, chemical composition, digestibility
Abstract
It is a priority to identify more efficient ways to fertilize crops without harming the soils. Biofertilizers obtained from the anaerobic digestion of manure can emerge as an ecological alternative in crop production. This study aimed to evaluate the yield and nutritional characteristics of oats (Avena sativa L.) fertilized with different doses of biofertilizer (Biol) through foliar application. In southern Durango, Mexico, four doses of Biol were applied: 0, 220, 440, 660 and 880 L.ha-1, corresponding to treatments T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, using a completely randomized block design. The crude protein (CP) content was similar among treatments (p>0.05); Meanwhile, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and phosphorus (P) decreased with the maximum doses of Biol (p<0.05). Regarding in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) differences were found (p<0.05). Fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) yields increased with the higher doses of Biol, achieving higher values of 25.50 and 7.05 t.ha-1, respectively. Additionally, the application of the biofertilizer Biol increased oat yield and improved some nutritional values of the forage. These results suggest that Biol is a viable alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers, promoting sustainable agriculture and contributing to the mitigation of the negative environmental impact generated by chemical fertilizers.
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Alejo Rivera, J., Aedo Palacios, J., & Guerra-Galdo, E. (2020). New oat variety (Avena sativa L.) multipurpose, resilient to climate change and short-cycle. Agroindustrial Science, 10(3), 267-272. https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2020.03.07
ANKOM-Technology. (2008). Procedures for fibre and in vitro analysis. https://www.ankom.com/product-catalog/ankom-200-fiber-analyzer.
AOAC. (2005). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists International (16 ed.). Virginia,USA,1997.
Arias, A., Cruz L, J., Pantoja A, C., Contreras P, J., & Lopez R, M. (2021). Rendimiento y calidad de Avena sativa asociada con Vicia sativa en la región puna del Perú. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, 32(5), e21339. https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v32i5.21339
Bouray, M., Moir, J. L., Lehto, N. J., Condron, L. M., Touhami, D., & Hummel, C. (2021). Soil pH effects on phosphorus mobilization in the rhizosphere of Lupinus angustifolius. Plant and Soil, 469(1), 387-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05177-4
Cabos Sánchez, J., Bardales Vásquez, C. B., León Torres, C. A., & Gil Ramírez, L. A. (2019). Evaluación de las concentraciones de Nitrógeno, Fósforo y Potasio del biol y biosol obtenidos a partir de estiércol de ganado vacuno en un biodigestor de geomembrana de policloruro de vinilo. Arnaldoa, 26, 1165-1176. https://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.263.26321
Coblentz, W. K., Akins, M. S., Cavadini, J. S., & Jokela, W. E. (2017). Net effects of nitrogen fertilization on the nutritive value and digestibility of oat forages. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(3), 1739-1750. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12027
Duan, L., Ju, Z., Ma, X., Pan, J., Mustafa, A. E.-Z. M. A., & Jia, Z. (2024). Research on Enhancing the Yield and Quality of Oat Forage: Optimization of Nitrogen and Organic Fertilizer Management Strategies. Agronomy, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14071406
Elbasiouny, H., Elbehiry, F., El-Ramady, H., & Brevik, E. C. (2020). Phosphorus Availability and Potential Environmental Risk Assessment in Alkaline Soils. Agriculture, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050172
Enríquez Quiroz, J. F., Esqueda Esquivel, V. A., & Martínez Méndez, D. (2021). Rehabilitation of degraded pastures in the tropics of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 12(0), 243-260. https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12s3.5876
FAO, & IFA. (2002). Los fertilizantes y su uso. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación, Asociación Internacional de la Industria de los Fertilizantes (4 ed.). Rome, Italy.
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Gil Ramírez, L. A., Leiva Cabrera, F. A., Lezama Escobedo, M. K., Bardales Vásquez, C. B., & León Torres, C. A. (2023). Biofertilizante “biol”: caracterización física, química y microbiológica. Revista Alfa, 7(20), 336 - 345. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaalfa.v7i20.219
González-Salas, U., Gallegos-Robles, M. Á., Vázquez-Vazquez, C., García-Hernandez, J. L., Fortis-Hernández, M., & Mendoza-Retana, S. S. (2018). Productividad de genotipos de maíz forrajero bajo fertilización orgánica y propiedades físico-químicas del suelo. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 9(20), 4331-4341. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i20.1002
Gutierrez Arce, F., Diaz Plasencia, S., Rojas Vásquez, Z., Vallejos Fernández, L. A., & Gutierrez Arce, W. (2020). Elaboración de abono orgánico (Biol) para su utilización en la producción de alfalfa (Medicago sativa v. vicus) en Cajamarca. REVISTA PERSPECTIVA, 20(4), 441-447. https://doi.org/10.33198/rp.v20i2.00057
Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M. H. M. B., Nahar, K., Hossain, M. S., Mahmud, J. A., Hossen, M. S., Mahmud J.A., Hossen S., Masud A.C., Moumita, Fujita, M. (2018). Potassium: A Vital Regulator of Plant Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses. Agronomy, 8(3), 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8030031
Henrichsen, L., Gonzalez da Silva, J. A., Ferrari Basso, N. C. F., Fachinetto, J., Colet, C. d. F., Carvalo, I. R., Sgarbosa J., Lima D., Libardoni M., Coppetti K., Babesk M., Bandeira, W. J. A. (2022). Oat productivity by root and foliar nitrogen uptake in cropping systems. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 16(10), 1144–1151. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.22.16.10.p3634
Lama-Calvente, D. D., Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Borja, R., & Fernández-Rodríguez, M. J. (2024). Use of anaerobic digestate as biofertilizer: Another step forward in the valorisation of the invasive brown macroalgae Rugulopteryx okamurae. Scientia Horticulturae, 325, 112638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112638
Linares-Gabriel, A., López-Collado, C. J., Tinoco-Alfaro, C. A., Velasco-Velasco, J., & López-Romero, G. (2016). Application of biol, inorganic fertilizer and superabsorbent polymers in the growth of heliconia (Heliconia psittacorum cv. Tropica). Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, XXIII(1), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2016.02.004
Mamani Paredes, J., & Catacallapa Gutiérrez, F. H. (2018). Rendimiento y calidad nutricional de avena forrajera en la región de Puno. Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas, 20(4), 385-400. https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2018.415
Marty, C., Lévesque, J.-A., Bradley, R. L., Lafond, J., & Paré, M. C. (2019). Lowbush blueberry fruit yield and growth response to inorganic and organic N-fertilization when competing with two common weed species. PLOS ONE, 14(12), e0226619-e0226619. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226619
Micro-Macro Publishing, I. (2014). Plant analysis handbook IV: A guiode to sampling, preparation, analysis and interpretation for agronomic and horticultural crops (G. M. Bryson & H. A. Milis, Eds.). Athens, Georgia, USA.
Mondal, K., Jana, K., Saha, P., Paramanik, B., Mondal, R., Agrawal, R. K.,…Kundu, A. (2024). Effect of nitrogen fertilization integrated with bio-product on productivity, profitability, and resource use efficiency of dual-purpose oats-residual green gram system. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2024.2443112
Montaño-Carrasco, M., Hernández-Rodríguez, A., Martínez-Rosales, A., Ojeda-Barrios, D., Núñez-Barrios, A., & Guerrero-Prieto, V. (2017). Producción y contenido nutrimental en avena forrajera fertilizada con fuentes químicas y orgánicas. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 40(3), 317-324. https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2017.3.317-324
Mortola, N., Romaniuk, R., Cosentino, V., Eiza, M., Carfagno, P., Rizzo, P.,…Brutti, L. (2019). Potential Use of a Poultry Manure Digestate as a Biofertiliser: Evaluation of Soil Properties and Lactuca sativa Growth. Pedosphere, 29(1), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(18)60057-8
Mosier, S., Córdova, S. C., & Robertson, G. P. (2021). Restoring Soil Fertility on Degraded Lands to Meet Food, Fuel, and Climate Security Needs via Perennialization. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.706142
Mukhtar, S., Mohammed, M. A., & Aznie, R. C. R. (2017). Temporal Variation and Pollution Levels of Some Heavy Metals on Irrigated Land Along Airport Road Kano State, Nigeria. Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2(2), 1-9.. https://journal.unisza.edu.my/myjas/index.php/myjas/article/view/87
Niu, J., Liu, C., Huang, M., Liu, K., & Yan, D. (2021). Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future Perspectives. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 21(1), 104-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00346-3
Osman, K. T. (2013). Plant Nutrients and Soil Fertility Management. In K. T. Osman (Ed.), Soils: Principles, Properties and Management (pp. 129-159). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5663-2_10
Otálora, G., Piñero, M. C., López-Marín, J., Varó, P., & del Amor, F. M. (2018). Effects of foliar nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic, mineral, and amino acid composition of escarole (Cichorium endivia L. var. latifolium). Scientia Horticulturae, 239, 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.05.031
Peñafiel Rodríguez, M. W., & Ticona G., D. (2019). Elementos nutricionales en la producción de fertilizante biol con diferentes tipos de insumos y cantidades de contenido ruminal de bovino - matadero municipal de La Paz. Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales, 2(1), 87-90. https://riiarn.umsa.bo/index.php/RIIARn/article/view/49
Peter, C. L., Da Silva, J. A. G., Carvalho, I. R., Magano, D. A., Conceição, G. M., Alessi, O.,…Zardin, N. G. (2024). Urea dissolution time in water and efficiency of foliar application in oat crops. Genetics and Molecular Research, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr19171
SAS (2003) Statistical Analysis System User’s Guide: Statistical Version. 8th Edition, SAS Institute, Cary.
SEMARNAT. (2000). NOM-021-SEMARNAT-2000 Especificaciones de fertilidad, salinidad y clasificación de suelos, estudio , muestreo y análisis. Ciudad de Mexico: SEMARNAT. https://elsemarnat.info/normas/nom-021/
SIAP. (2013). Sistema de Información Agropecuaria y Pesquera. Cierre de la producción agrícola por cultivo. https://www.gob.mx/siap/prensa/sistema-de-informacion-agroalimentaria-de-consulta-siacon
SMN. (2024). Sistema Metreologico Nacional https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales_Climatologicas/Mensuales/dgo/mes10065.txt.
Souza, M. d. S., Silva, T. G. F., Souza, L. S. B., Jardim, A. M. d. R. F., Araújo Júnior, G. d. N., & Alves, H. M. N. (2019). Practices for the improvement of the agricultural resilience of the forage production in semiarid environment: a review. Amazonian Journal of Plant Research, 3(4), 417–430. https://doi.org/10.26545/ajpr.2019.b00051x
Torres-Moya, E., Ariza-Suárez, D., Baena-Aristizabal, C. D., Cortés-Gómez, S., Becerra-Mutis, L., & Riaño-Hernández, C. A. (2016). Efecto de la fertilización en el crecimiento y desarrollo del cultivo de la avena (Avena sativa). Pastos y Forrajes, 39, 102-110. https://payfo.ihatuey.cu/index.php?journal=pasto&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=1889
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Alejo Rivera, J., Aedo Palacios, J., & Guerra-Galdo, E. (2020). New oat variety (Avena sativa L.) multipurpose, resilient to climate change and short-cycle. Agroindustrial Science, 10(3), 267-272. https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2020.03.07
ANKOM-Technology. (2008). Procedures for fibre and in vitro analysis. https://www.ankom.com/product-catalog/ankom-200-fiber-analyzer.
AOAC. (2005). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists International (16 ed.). Virginia,USA,1997.
Arias, A., Cruz L, J., Pantoja A, C., Contreras P, J., & Lopez R, M. (2021). Rendimiento y calidad de Avena sativa asociada con Vicia sativa en la región puna del Perú. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, 32(5), e21339. https://doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v32i5.21339
Bouray, M., Moir, J. L., Lehto, N. J., Condron, L. M., Touhami, D., & Hummel, C. (2021). Soil pH effects on phosphorus mobilization in the rhizosphere of Lupinus angustifolius. Plant and Soil, 469(1), 387-407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05177-4
Cabos Sánchez, J., Bardales Vásquez, C. B., León Torres, C. A., & Gil Ramírez, L. A. (2019). Evaluación de las concentraciones de Nitrógeno, Fósforo y Potasio del biol y biosol obtenidos a partir de estiércol de ganado vacuno en un biodigestor de geomembrana de policloruro de vinilo. Arnaldoa, 26, 1165-1176. https://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.263.26321
Coblentz, W. K., Akins, M. S., Cavadini, J. S., & Jokela, W. E. (2017). Net effects of nitrogen fertilization on the nutritive value and digestibility of oat forages. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(3), 1739-1750. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-12027
Duan, L., Ju, Z., Ma, X., Pan, J., Mustafa, A. E.-Z. M. A., & Jia, Z. (2024). Research on Enhancing the Yield and Quality of Oat Forage: Optimization of Nitrogen and Organic Fertilizer Management Strategies. Agronomy, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14071406
Elbasiouny, H., Elbehiry, F., El-Ramady, H., & Brevik, E. C. (2020). Phosphorus Availability and Potential Environmental Risk Assessment in Alkaline Soils. Agriculture, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050172
Enríquez Quiroz, J. F., Esqueda Esquivel, V. A., & Martínez Méndez, D. (2021). Rehabilitation of degraded pastures in the tropics of Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 12(0), 243-260. https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12s3.5876
FAO, & IFA. (2002). Los fertilizantes y su uso. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación, Asociación Internacional de la Industria de los Fertilizantes (4 ed.). Rome, Italy.
Ferro-Díaz, J. (2015). Manual revisado de métodos útiles en el muestreo y análisis de la vegetación. Ecovida: Revista científica sobre diversidad biológica y su gestión integrada, 5(1), 139-186. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9439153
Galyean, M. (2010). Laboratory procedure in animal nutrition research. Department of Animal and Range Sciences. New Mexico, USA.
Gil Ramírez, L. A., Leiva Cabrera, F. A., Lezama Escobedo, M. K., Bardales Vásquez, C. B., & León Torres, C. A. (2023). Biofertilizante “biol”: caracterización física, química y microbiológica. Revista Alfa, 7(20), 336 - 345. https://doi.org/10.33996/revistaalfa.v7i20.219
González-Salas, U., Gallegos-Robles, M. Á., Vázquez-Vazquez, C., García-Hernandez, J. L., Fortis-Hernández, M., & Mendoza-Retana, S. S. (2018). Productividad de genotipos de maíz forrajero bajo fertilización orgánica y propiedades físico-químicas del suelo. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 9(20), 4331-4341. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i20.1002
Gutierrez Arce, F., Diaz Plasencia, S., Rojas Vásquez, Z., Vallejos Fernández, L. A., & Gutierrez Arce, W. (2020). Elaboración de abono orgánico (Biol) para su utilización en la producción de alfalfa (Medicago sativa v. vicus) en Cajamarca. REVISTA PERSPECTIVA, 20(4), 441-447. https://doi.org/10.33198/rp.v20i2.00057
Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M. H. M. B., Nahar, K., Hossain, M. S., Mahmud, J. A., Hossen, M. S., Mahmud J.A., Hossen S., Masud A.C., Moumita, Fujita, M. (2018). Potassium: A Vital Regulator of Plant Responses and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses. Agronomy, 8(3), 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8030031
Henrichsen, L., Gonzalez da Silva, J. A., Ferrari Basso, N. C. F., Fachinetto, J., Colet, C. d. F., Carvalo, I. R., Sgarbosa J., Lima D., Libardoni M., Coppetti K., Babesk M., Bandeira, W. J. A. (2022). Oat productivity by root and foliar nitrogen uptake in cropping systems. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 16(10), 1144–1151. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.22.16.10.p3634
Lama-Calvente, D. D., Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Borja, R., & Fernández-Rodríguez, M. J. (2024). Use of anaerobic digestate as biofertilizer: Another step forward in the valorisation of the invasive brown macroalgae Rugulopteryx okamurae. Scientia Horticulturae, 325, 112638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112638
Linares-Gabriel, A., López-Collado, C. J., Tinoco-Alfaro, C. A., Velasco-Velasco, J., & López-Romero, G. (2016). Application of biol, inorganic fertilizer and superabsorbent polymers in the growth of heliconia (Heliconia psittacorum cv. Tropica). Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, XXIII(1), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2016.02.004
Mamani Paredes, J., & Catacallapa Gutiérrez, F. H. (2018). Rendimiento y calidad nutricional de avena forrajera en la región de Puno. Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas, 20(4), 385-400. https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2018.415
Marty, C., Lévesque, J.-A., Bradley, R. L., Lafond, J., & Paré, M. C. (2019). Lowbush blueberry fruit yield and growth response to inorganic and organic N-fertilization when competing with two common weed species. PLOS ONE, 14(12), e0226619-e0226619. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226619
Micro-Macro Publishing, I. (2014). Plant analysis handbook IV: A guiode to sampling, preparation, analysis and interpretation for agronomic and horticultural crops (G. M. Bryson & H. A. Milis, Eds.). Athens, Georgia, USA.
Mondal, K., Jana, K., Saha, P., Paramanik, B., Mondal, R., Agrawal, R. K.,…Kundu, A. (2024). Effect of nitrogen fertilization integrated with bio-product on productivity, profitability, and resource use efficiency of dual-purpose oats-residual green gram system. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2024.2443112
Montaño-Carrasco, M., Hernández-Rodríguez, A., Martínez-Rosales, A., Ojeda-Barrios, D., Núñez-Barrios, A., & Guerrero-Prieto, V. (2017). Producción y contenido nutrimental en avena forrajera fertilizada con fuentes químicas y orgánicas. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 40(3), 317-324. https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2017.3.317-324
Mortola, N., Romaniuk, R., Cosentino, V., Eiza, M., Carfagno, P., Rizzo, P.,…Brutti, L. (2019). Potential Use of a Poultry Manure Digestate as a Biofertiliser: Evaluation of Soil Properties and Lactuca sativa Growth. Pedosphere, 29(1), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(18)60057-8
Mosier, S., Córdova, S. C., & Robertson, G. P. (2021). Restoring Soil Fertility on Degraded Lands to Meet Food, Fuel, and Climate Security Needs via Perennialization. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.706142
Mukhtar, S., Mohammed, M. A., & Aznie, R. C. R. (2017). Temporal Variation and Pollution Levels of Some Heavy Metals on Irrigated Land Along Airport Road Kano State, Nigeria. Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2(2), 1-9.. https://journal.unisza.edu.my/myjas/index.php/myjas/article/view/87
Niu, J., Liu, C., Huang, M., Liu, K., & Yan, D. (2021). Effects of Foliar Fertilization: a Review of Current Status and Future Perspectives. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 21(1), 104-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00346-3
Osman, K. T. (2013). Plant Nutrients and Soil Fertility Management. In K. T. Osman (Ed.), Soils: Principles, Properties and Management (pp. 129-159). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5663-2_10
Otálora, G., Piñero, M. C., López-Marín, J., Varó, P., & del Amor, F. M. (2018). Effects of foliar nitrogen fertilization on the phenolic, mineral, and amino acid composition of escarole (Cichorium endivia L. var. latifolium). Scientia Horticulturae, 239, 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.05.031
Peñafiel Rodríguez, M. W., & Ticona G., D. (2019). Elementos nutricionales en la producción de fertilizante biol con diferentes tipos de insumos y cantidades de contenido ruminal de bovino - matadero municipal de La Paz. Revista de Investigación e Innovación Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales, 2(1), 87-90. https://riiarn.umsa.bo/index.php/RIIARn/article/view/49
Peter, C. L., Da Silva, J. A. G., Carvalho, I. R., Magano, D. A., Conceição, G. M., Alessi, O.,…Zardin, N. G. (2024). Urea dissolution time in water and efficiency of foliar application in oat crops. Genetics and Molecular Research, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr19171
SAS (2003) Statistical Analysis System User’s Guide: Statistical Version. 8th Edition, SAS Institute, Cary.
SEMARNAT. (2000). NOM-021-SEMARNAT-2000 Especificaciones de fertilidad, salinidad y clasificación de suelos, estudio , muestreo y análisis. Ciudad de Mexico: SEMARNAT. https://elsemarnat.info/normas/nom-021/
SIAP. (2013). Sistema de Información Agropecuaria y Pesquera. Cierre de la producción agrícola por cultivo. https://www.gob.mx/siap/prensa/sistema-de-informacion-agroalimentaria-de-consulta-siacon
SMN. (2024). Sistema Metreologico Nacional https://smn.conagua.gob.mx/tools/RESOURCES/Normales_Climatologicas/Mensuales/dgo/mes10065.txt.
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Published
2025-02-23
How to Cite
Aguirre-Córdova, O., Valencia, R., Ortíz, I., Chávez, J., Araiza, E., & Pámanes-Carrasco, G. (2025). Effect of the application of a biofertilizer on the yield of forage oats (Avena sativa L.) in the southern Durango, Mexico. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía De La Universidad Del Zulia, 42(1), e244213. Retrieved from https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia/article/view/43583
Issue
Section
Crop Production
Copyright (c) 2025 Oscar Fabian Aguirre-Córdova, Roberto Valencia Vázquez, Ixchel Abby Ortíz Sánchez, Jorge Armando Chávez Simental, Elia Esther Araiza Rosales, Gerardo Antonio Pámanes-Carrasco
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
