Eficiencia de bacterias y hongos entomopatógenos sobre Oligonychus yothersi in vitro y en plantas de Persea americana Mill.

• Jhimy Parco National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA), Junín, Peru http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-4086
• Agustina Valverde-Rodriguez Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, HermilioValdizán National University, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-4827
• Antonio Cornejo Fruit Horticultural Institute Investigation, HermilioValdizan National University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7751-2483
• Henry Briceño Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, HermilioValdizán National University, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8444-8894
• Laura Barrionuevo Faculty of Educational Sciences Biology and Chemistry, HermilioValdizán National University, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8444-8894
• Javier Romero Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, HermilioValdizán National University, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8879-2705

Palabras clave: control biológico, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Bacillus, acaropatógenos

Resumen

En el Banco de germoplasma de 22 variedades del palto (Persea americana Mill.) perteneciente al Centro de Investigación Frutícola Olerícola, Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizan (UNHEVAL)-Perú, es frecuente observar una población alta de la especie Oligonychus yothersi, ácaro fitófago perjudicial al cultivo. Los controles con acaricidas comerciales son restringidos en el lugar, por la presencia de las colmenas de abejas instaladas en las parcelas adyacentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de cuatro formulaciones comerciales que contienen cepas de Metarhiziumanisopliae y Beauveriabassiana y las toxinas de Bacillussubtilis, Bacillusthuringiensisvar. kurstaki(Btk) para el control de O. yothersi. Los productos entomopatógenos fueron evaluados en campo aplicando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco tratamientos y tres replicas. En el laboratorio se seleccionaron 500 ácaros adultos, colocando 100 ácaros por placa Petri con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Se encontró que el formulado Bacillusthuringiensisvar. kurstaki en condiciones de campo redujo hasta un 98,07 % la incidencia poblacional de los ácaros en 49 días. En laboratorio, los formulados de B. subtilis y M. anisopliae provocaron el 100 % de mortalidad a los seis días pos-aplicación resultando ser alternativas eficientes de control.

Citas

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