Efficiency of entomopathogenic bacteria and fungi on Oligonychus yothersi in vitro and on Persea americana Mill. plants
Keywords:
biological control, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Bacillus, acaropathogens
Abstract
In the germplasm bank of 22 varieties of avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) belonging to the Fruit Horticultural Institute Investigation, HermilioValdizan National University (UNHEVAL)-Peru, it is common to observe a high population of the species Oligonychusyothersi, a phytophagous mite harmful to the crop. Controls with commercial acaricides are restricted in place, due to the presence of beehives installed in adjacent plots. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of four commercial formulations containing strains of Metarhiziumanisopliae and Beauveria bassiana and the toxins of Bacillussubtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis var.kurstaki (Btk) for the control of O. yothersi. The entomopathogenic products were evaluated in the field applying a randomized complete block design with five treatments and three replicates. In the laboratory, 500 adult mites were selected, placing 100 mites per Petri dish with three repetitions per treatment. It was found that the formulation Bacillus thuringiensis var.kurstaki under field conditions reduced the population incidence of mites by up to 98.07% in 49 days. In the laboratory, the B. subtilis and M. anisopliae formulations caused 100% mortality six days after application proving to be efficient control alternatives.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abbott, W. S. (1925). A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18, 265-267. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/18.2.265a
Alahyane, H., El Alao, A., Abousaid, H., Aimrane, A., Atibi, Y., Oufdou, K., & El Messous, S. (2019). Biological activity of some native Bacillus thuringiensisberliner strains against EutetranychusOrientalis Klein (Acari: Tetranychidae). Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(2), 1967–1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1702_19671977
Balog, A., Hartel, T., Loxdale, H. D., & Wilson, K. (2017). Differences in the progress of the biopesticide revolution between the EU and other major crop‐growing regions. Pest Management Science, 73(11), 2203-2208.https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4596
Bayu, M. S. Y. I., Ullah, M. S., Takano, Y., &Gotoh, T. (2017). Impact of constant versus fluctuating temperatures on the development and life history parameters of Tetranychusurticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 72(3), 205-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-017-0151-9
Borges, S., Alkassab, A. T., Collison, E., Hinarejos, S., Jones, B., McVey, E., ... Wassenberg, J. (2021). Overview of the testing and assessment of effects of microbial pesticides on bees: strengths, challenges, and perspectives. Apidologie, 52: 1256-1277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-021-00900-7
Chávez, M. (2019). Perú rompe récord de exportación de palta. Revista la Cámara, 10(11), 18-20. https://apps.camaralima.org.pe/repositorioaps/0/0/par/r868_3/comercio%20exterior.pdf
Ceballos, R., Campos, C., & Rioja, T. (2022). Galendromus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) life table parameters on Oligonychusyothersi (Acari: Tetranychidae) colonies and its behavior to odors of mites, avocado shoots volatiles and synthetic compounds. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 82(1), 124-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392022000100124
Chiaradia, L. A., Milanez, J. M., &Nesi, C. N. (2021). Influência de fatores climáticos e de inimigosnaturaisnapopulação do ácaro-roxo da erva-mate, em Chapecó, SC. Agropecuária Catarinense, 21(3), 58-63. https://publicacoes.epagri.sc.gov.br/rac/article/view/866
Cuatlayotl-Cottier, R., Huerta-de la Peña, A., Peña-Chora, G., & Salazar-Magallón, J. A. (2022). Insecticidal activity of industrial by-products fermented by Bacillus thuringiensis strain GP139 against Mites (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) and Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(1), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2021.1961686
Deka, B., Babu, A., Pandey, A. K., Kumhar, K. C., Rajbongshi, H., Dey, P., Peter, A. J., Amalraj, L. D., &Talluri, V. R. (2022). Potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhiziumanisopliae sl. for control of red spider mite, OligonychuscoffeaeNietner on tea crop. International Journal of Acarology, 48(2), 121-129.https://doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2022.2041089
Díaz, O., and Aguilar, C. C. R. B. (2018). Los pesticidas; clasificación, necesidad de un manejo integrado y alternativas para reducir su consumo indebido: una revisión. Revista Científica Agroecosistemas, 6(2), 14-30.https://aes.ucf.edu.cu/index.php/aes/article/view/190
Di Rienzo, J. A., Casanoves, F., Balzarini, M. G., González, L., Tablada, M., & Robledo, Y. C. (2013). InfoStat versión 2013. Grupo InfoStat, FCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. URL http://www. infostat. com. ar, 8, 195-199
Dogan, Y. O., Hazir, S., Yildiz, A., Butt, T. M., &Cakmak, I. (2017). Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of Tetranychusurticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the effect of Metarhiziumbrunneum on the predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Biological Control, 111, 6-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2017.05.001
Erban, T., Nesvorna, M., Erbanova, M., & Hubert, J. (2009). Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis control of synanthropic mites (Acari: Acaridida) under laboratory conditions. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 49(4), 339-346.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-009-9265-z
Fang, S., Wang, L., Guo, W., Zhang, X., Peng, D., Luo, C., Yu, Z., & Sun, M. (2009). Bacillus thuringiensis bel protein enhances the toxicity of Cry1Ac protein to Helicoverpaarmigera larvae by degrading insect intestinal mucin. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75(16), 5237-5243.https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00532-09
Fathipour, Y., and Maleknia, B. (2016). Mite Predators. In Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security (pp. 329–366). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803265-7.00011-7
Ferreira-Aguero, M. A., Benítez-Sánchez, A., Velásquez, J. A., Vega-Britez, G. D., Lesmo-Duarte, N. D., & Acosta-Resquín, M. F. (2020). Daños causados por chinche barriga verde Dichelopsmelacanthus en maíz transgénico Bacillusthuringiensis (Bt). Intropica, 66-71. https://doi.org/10.21676/23897864.3938
Henderson, C. F. and Tilton E. W. (1955). Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat Wheat Mite12. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48(2), 157–161.https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/48.2.157
Huanes-Carranza, J., and Wilson-Krugg, J. (2016). Efecto de Beauveriabassiana y Metarhiziumanisopliae sobre adultos y ninfas de Oligonychussp. en condiciones de laboratorio. Rebiol, 36 (1), 51–58. https://revistas.unitru.edu.pe/index.php/facccbiol/article/view/1314.
Hussein, H. M., Al-Dahwy, S. S., &Ruman, O. K. (2020). Efficiency evaluation of some entomopathogenic fungi on dust mite Oligonychusafrasiaticus (Mcgregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Plant Archives, 20(1), 225-228. http://www.plantarchives.org/20-1/225-228%20(5454).pdf
Köhl, J., Booij, K., Kolnaar, R., &Ravensberg, W. J. (2019). Ecological arguments to reconsider data requirements regarding the environmental fate of microbial biocontrol agents in the registration procedure in the European Union. BioControl. Springer Netherlands. 64(5), 469-487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-019-09964-y
Konopická, J., Bohatá, A., Palevsky, E., Nermuť, J., Půža, V., &Zemek, R. (2022). Survey of entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi in the soil of onion and garlic fields in the Czech Republic and Israel. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 129(2), 271-281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-021-00557-5
Mamun, M. S. A., Hoque, M. A. M., & Ahmed, M. (2014). In vitro and in vivo screening of some entomopathogens against red spider mite, OligonychuscoffeaeNietner (Acarina: Tetranychidae) in tea. Tea J. Bangladesh, 43, 34-44. http://teaboard.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/teaboard.portal.gov.bd/publications/c1e35269_c436_4254_aeba_fcb2aa912f72/Tea%20J.%20Bangladesh%202014.pdf#page=38
Meyling, N. V., and Eilenberg, J. (2006). Occurrence and distribution of soil borne entomopathogenic fungi within a single organic agroecosystem. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 113(1-4), 336-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.011
Meyling, N. V., and Eilenberg, J. (2007). Ecology of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhiziumanisopliae in temperate agroecosystems: potential for conservation biological control. Biological Control, 43(2), 145-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.07.007
Padmavathi, J., UmaDevi, K., &UmaMaheswara Rao, C. (2003). The optimum and tolerance pH range iscorrelated to colonial morphology in isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana–a potential biopesticide. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 19, 469-477. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025151000398
Pinto, R., Ferreira, J. A. M., Pires, E. M., &Zanuncio, J. C. (2012). New record and characteristics of damage caused by Oligonychusyothersi on Eucalyptus urophylla. Phytoparasitica, 40(2), 143-145.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-011-0217-x
Qasim, M., Ronliang, J., Islam, W., Ali, H., Khan, K. A., Dash, C. K., & Wang, L. (2021). Comparative pathogenicity four entomopathogenic fungal species against nymphs and adults of citrus red mite on the citrus plantation. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 41(1), 737-749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00263-z
Ramírez, M. (2018). The pesticides use in agriculture and their environmental disorder. Revista Enfermería La Vanguardia, 6(2), 40–47.
Rioja, T., Ceballos, R., &Holuigue, L. (2018). Herbivore-induced plant volatiles emitted from avocado shoots infested by Oligonychusyothersi (Acari: Tetranychidae) increases the attraction of micro-coleopterans. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 78(3), 447-458. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392018000300447
Rioja, T., Tello, V., Zarzar, M., Cardemil, A., & Ceballos, R. (2019). Avocado ‘Hass’ leaf age affects life table parameters of Oligonychusyothersi (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) under laboratory conditions. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 79(4), 557-564.http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392019000400557
Sánchez–Yáñez, J. M., Luis Rico, J., &Ulíbrri, G. (2022). Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is more than a special agent for biological control of pests. Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering, 9(2), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2022.09.00282
Servicio Nacional de SanidadAgraria -SENASA. (2014). Manual de producción y uso de hongos entomopatógenos. Laboratorio de entomopatógenos SCB – SENASA, p 37. https://www.senasa.gob.pe/senasa/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Manual-de-Producci%C3%83%C2%B3n-y-Uso-de-Hongos-Entomopat%C3%83%C2%B3genos.pdf
Solórzano-Acosta, R., De Souza-Pacheco, J., Del Valle-Medina, A., Bernardo Zárate-García, Raúl Yaipén-Sirlopú, Castellanos-Sánchez, P., & Cedano-Saavedra, C. (2021). Microorganismos entomopatógenos y antagonistas empleados en cultivos de agroexportación en Perú en el nuevo milenio. Agroindustrial Science, 11 (3), 323–338. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2021.03.10
Solter, L. F., Becnel, J. J., &Oi, D. H. (2012). MicrosporidianEntomopathogens. In InsectPathology, SecondEdition (pp. 221–263). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384984-7.00007-5
Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. (2020). Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. Lima: SENAMHI. http://www.senamhi.gob.pe/
Tahmina, M., Basak, R., Arafat, Y., Sharmin, D., Jahan, M., & Ullah, M. S. (2020). Comparative efficacy of chemicals, entomopathogenic fungus and botanical for the management of Red Spider mite Tetranychusmacfarlanei. Journal of South Pacific Agriculture, 23, 1-7. http://www.journalofsouthpacificagriculture.com/index.php/JOSPA/article/view/Tahmina%20et%20al.
Tosi, S., Sfeir, C., Carnesecchi, E., &Chauzat, M. P. (2022). Lethal, sublethal, and combined effects of pesticides on bees: A meta-analysis and new risk assessment tools. Science of The Total Environment. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156857
Veloorvalappil Narayanan, J., Robinson Babysarojam, S., Prakasan, P., Faisal, P. A., Niravath, R., Moolath, B. G., & Benjamin, S. (2018). Crude Bacillus thuringiensis pellets efficiently combats Eutetranychusorientalis, the spider mite. International Journal of Pest Management, 64(3), 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2017.1390622
Velez, P. E., Posada, F. J., Marín, P., González, M. T., Osorio, E., & Bustillo, A. E. (1997). Técnicas para el control de calidad de formulaciones de hongos entomopatógenos. https://biblioteca.cenicafe.org/handle/10778/709
Yang, Y., Li, W., Xie, W., Wu, Q., Xu, B., Wang, S, Li, C., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Development of Bradysiaodoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) as affected by humidity: an age–stage, two-sex, life-table study. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 50(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-014-0295-6
Zemek, R., Konopická, J., &Bohatá, A. (2018). Inoculation of sphagnum-based soil substrate with entomopathogenic fungus Isariafumosorosea (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1954, No. 1, p. 030009). AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5033389
Alahyane, H., El Alao, A., Abousaid, H., Aimrane, A., Atibi, Y., Oufdou, K., & El Messous, S. (2019). Biological activity of some native Bacillus thuringiensisberliner strains against EutetranychusOrientalis Klein (Acari: Tetranychidae). Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(2), 1967–1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1702_19671977
Balog, A., Hartel, T., Loxdale, H. D., & Wilson, K. (2017). Differences in the progress of the biopesticide revolution between the EU and other major crop‐growing regions. Pest Management Science, 73(11), 2203-2208.https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4596
Bayu, M. S. Y. I., Ullah, M. S., Takano, Y., &Gotoh, T. (2017). Impact of constant versus fluctuating temperatures on the development and life history parameters of Tetranychusurticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 72(3), 205-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-017-0151-9
Borges, S., Alkassab, A. T., Collison, E., Hinarejos, S., Jones, B., McVey, E., ... Wassenberg, J. (2021). Overview of the testing and assessment of effects of microbial pesticides on bees: strengths, challenges, and perspectives. Apidologie, 52: 1256-1277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-021-00900-7
Chávez, M. (2019). Perú rompe récord de exportación de palta. Revista la Cámara, 10(11), 18-20. https://apps.camaralima.org.pe/repositorioaps/0/0/par/r868_3/comercio%20exterior.pdf
Ceballos, R., Campos, C., & Rioja, T. (2022). Galendromus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) life table parameters on Oligonychusyothersi (Acari: Tetranychidae) colonies and its behavior to odors of mites, avocado shoots volatiles and synthetic compounds. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 82(1), 124-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392022000100124
Chiaradia, L. A., Milanez, J. M., &Nesi, C. N. (2021). Influência de fatores climáticos e de inimigosnaturaisnapopulação do ácaro-roxo da erva-mate, em Chapecó, SC. Agropecuária Catarinense, 21(3), 58-63. https://publicacoes.epagri.sc.gov.br/rac/article/view/866
Cuatlayotl-Cottier, R., Huerta-de la Peña, A., Peña-Chora, G., & Salazar-Magallón, J. A. (2022). Insecticidal activity of industrial by-products fermented by Bacillus thuringiensis strain GP139 against Mites (Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) and Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 32(1), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2021.1961686
Deka, B., Babu, A., Pandey, A. K., Kumhar, K. C., Rajbongshi, H., Dey, P., Peter, A. J., Amalraj, L. D., &Talluri, V. R. (2022). Potential of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhiziumanisopliae sl. for control of red spider mite, OligonychuscoffeaeNietner on tea crop. International Journal of Acarology, 48(2), 121-129.https://doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2022.2041089
Díaz, O., and Aguilar, C. C. R. B. (2018). Los pesticidas; clasificación, necesidad de un manejo integrado y alternativas para reducir su consumo indebido: una revisión. Revista Científica Agroecosistemas, 6(2), 14-30.https://aes.ucf.edu.cu/index.php/aes/article/view/190
Di Rienzo, J. A., Casanoves, F., Balzarini, M. G., González, L., Tablada, M., & Robledo, Y. C. (2013). InfoStat versión 2013. Grupo InfoStat, FCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. URL http://www. infostat. com. ar, 8, 195-199
Dogan, Y. O., Hazir, S., Yildiz, A., Butt, T. M., &Cakmak, I. (2017). Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of Tetranychusurticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and the effect of Metarhiziumbrunneum on the predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Biological Control, 111, 6-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2017.05.001
Erban, T., Nesvorna, M., Erbanova, M., & Hubert, J. (2009). Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis control of synanthropic mites (Acari: Acaridida) under laboratory conditions. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 49(4), 339-346.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-009-9265-z
Fang, S., Wang, L., Guo, W., Zhang, X., Peng, D., Luo, C., Yu, Z., & Sun, M. (2009). Bacillus thuringiensis bel protein enhances the toxicity of Cry1Ac protein to Helicoverpaarmigera larvae by degrading insect intestinal mucin. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75(16), 5237-5243.https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00532-09
Fathipour, Y., and Maleknia, B. (2016). Mite Predators. In Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security (pp. 329–366). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803265-7.00011-7
Ferreira-Aguero, M. A., Benítez-Sánchez, A., Velásquez, J. A., Vega-Britez, G. D., Lesmo-Duarte, N. D., & Acosta-Resquín, M. F. (2020). Daños causados por chinche barriga verde Dichelopsmelacanthus en maíz transgénico Bacillusthuringiensis (Bt). Intropica, 66-71. https://doi.org/10.21676/23897864.3938
Henderson, C. F. and Tilton E. W. (1955). Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat Wheat Mite12. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48(2), 157–161.https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/48.2.157
Huanes-Carranza, J., and Wilson-Krugg, J. (2016). Efecto de Beauveriabassiana y Metarhiziumanisopliae sobre adultos y ninfas de Oligonychussp. en condiciones de laboratorio. Rebiol, 36 (1), 51–58. https://revistas.unitru.edu.pe/index.php/facccbiol/article/view/1314.
Hussein, H. M., Al-Dahwy, S. S., &Ruman, O. K. (2020). Efficiency evaluation of some entomopathogenic fungi on dust mite Oligonychusafrasiaticus (Mcgregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Plant Archives, 20(1), 225-228. http://www.plantarchives.org/20-1/225-228%20(5454).pdf
Köhl, J., Booij, K., Kolnaar, R., &Ravensberg, W. J. (2019). Ecological arguments to reconsider data requirements regarding the environmental fate of microbial biocontrol agents in the registration procedure in the European Union. BioControl. Springer Netherlands. 64(5), 469-487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-019-09964-y
Konopická, J., Bohatá, A., Palevsky, E., Nermuť, J., Půža, V., &Zemek, R. (2022). Survey of entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi in the soil of onion and garlic fields in the Czech Republic and Israel. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 129(2), 271-281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-021-00557-5
Mamun, M. S. A., Hoque, M. A. M., & Ahmed, M. (2014). In vitro and in vivo screening of some entomopathogens against red spider mite, OligonychuscoffeaeNietner (Acarina: Tetranychidae) in tea. Tea J. Bangladesh, 43, 34-44. http://teaboard.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/teaboard.portal.gov.bd/publications/c1e35269_c436_4254_aeba_fcb2aa912f72/Tea%20J.%20Bangladesh%202014.pdf#page=38
Meyling, N. V., and Eilenberg, J. (2006). Occurrence and distribution of soil borne entomopathogenic fungi within a single organic agroecosystem. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 113(1-4), 336-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2005.10.011
Meyling, N. V., and Eilenberg, J. (2007). Ecology of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhiziumanisopliae in temperate agroecosystems: potential for conservation biological control. Biological Control, 43(2), 145-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.07.007
Padmavathi, J., UmaDevi, K., &UmaMaheswara Rao, C. (2003). The optimum and tolerance pH range iscorrelated to colonial morphology in isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana–a potential biopesticide. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 19, 469-477. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025151000398
Pinto, R., Ferreira, J. A. M., Pires, E. M., &Zanuncio, J. C. (2012). New record and characteristics of damage caused by Oligonychusyothersi on Eucalyptus urophylla. Phytoparasitica, 40(2), 143-145.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-011-0217-x
Qasim, M., Ronliang, J., Islam, W., Ali, H., Khan, K. A., Dash, C. K., & Wang, L. (2021). Comparative pathogenicity four entomopathogenic fungal species against nymphs and adults of citrus red mite on the citrus plantation. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 41(1), 737-749. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00263-z
Ramírez, M. (2018). The pesticides use in agriculture and their environmental disorder. Revista Enfermería La Vanguardia, 6(2), 40–47.
Rioja, T., Ceballos, R., &Holuigue, L. (2018). Herbivore-induced plant volatiles emitted from avocado shoots infested by Oligonychusyothersi (Acari: Tetranychidae) increases the attraction of micro-coleopterans. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 78(3), 447-458. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392018000300447
Rioja, T., Tello, V., Zarzar, M., Cardemil, A., & Ceballos, R. (2019). Avocado ‘Hass’ leaf age affects life table parameters of Oligonychusyothersi (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) under laboratory conditions. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 79(4), 557-564.http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-58392019000400557
Sánchez–Yáñez, J. M., Luis Rico, J., &Ulíbrri, G. (2022). Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is more than a special agent for biological control of pests. Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering, 9(2), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2022.09.00282
Servicio Nacional de SanidadAgraria -SENASA. (2014). Manual de producción y uso de hongos entomopatógenos. Laboratorio de entomopatógenos SCB – SENASA, p 37. https://www.senasa.gob.pe/senasa/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Manual-de-Producci%C3%83%C2%B3n-y-Uso-de-Hongos-Entomopat%C3%83%C2%B3genos.pdf
Solórzano-Acosta, R., De Souza-Pacheco, J., Del Valle-Medina, A., Bernardo Zárate-García, Raúl Yaipén-Sirlopú, Castellanos-Sánchez, P., & Cedano-Saavedra, C. (2021). Microorganismos entomopatógenos y antagonistas empleados en cultivos de agroexportación en Perú en el nuevo milenio. Agroindustrial Science, 11 (3), 323–338. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2021.03.10
Solter, L. F., Becnel, J. J., &Oi, D. H. (2012). MicrosporidianEntomopathogens. In InsectPathology, SecondEdition (pp. 221–263). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384984-7.00007-5
Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. (2020). Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú. Lima: SENAMHI. http://www.senamhi.gob.pe/
Tahmina, M., Basak, R., Arafat, Y., Sharmin, D., Jahan, M., & Ullah, M. S. (2020). Comparative efficacy of chemicals, entomopathogenic fungus and botanical for the management of Red Spider mite Tetranychusmacfarlanei. Journal of South Pacific Agriculture, 23, 1-7. http://www.journalofsouthpacificagriculture.com/index.php/JOSPA/article/view/Tahmina%20et%20al.
Tosi, S., Sfeir, C., Carnesecchi, E., &Chauzat, M. P. (2022). Lethal, sublethal, and combined effects of pesticides on bees: A meta-analysis and new risk assessment tools. Science of The Total Environment. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156857
Veloorvalappil Narayanan, J., Robinson Babysarojam, S., Prakasan, P., Faisal, P. A., Niravath, R., Moolath, B. G., & Benjamin, S. (2018). Crude Bacillus thuringiensis pellets efficiently combats Eutetranychusorientalis, the spider mite. International Journal of Pest Management, 64(3), 243-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2017.1390622
Velez, P. E., Posada, F. J., Marín, P., González, M. T., Osorio, E., & Bustillo, A. E. (1997). Técnicas para el control de calidad de formulaciones de hongos entomopatógenos. https://biblioteca.cenicafe.org/handle/10778/709
Yang, Y., Li, W., Xie, W., Wu, Q., Xu, B., Wang, S, Li, C., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Development of Bradysiaodoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) as affected by humidity: an age–stage, two-sex, life-table study. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 50(1), 3-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-014-0295-6
Zemek, R., Konopická, J., &Bohatá, A. (2018). Inoculation of sphagnum-based soil substrate with entomopathogenic fungus Isariafumosorosea (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1954, No. 1, p. 030009). AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5033389
Published
2023-11-03
How to Cite
Parco, J., Valverde-Rodriguez, A., Cornejo, A., Briceño, H., Barrionuevo , L., & Romero , J. (2023). Efficiency of entomopathogenic bacteria and fungi on Oligonychus yothersi in vitro and on Persea americana Mill. plants. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía De La Universidad Del Zulia, 40(4), e234033. Retrieved from https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia/article/view/40991
Issue
Section
Crop Production
Copyright (c) 2023 Jhimy Andy Parco Quinchori, Agustina Valverde-Rodríguez, Antonio Cornejo y Maldonado, Henry Briceño Yen, Laura Carmen Barrionuevo Torres, Javier Romero Chávez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
