Agricultural Ecology of Irrigation Systems and Sustainable Development in Simalungun region, Indonesia

  • Sarintan Efratani Damanik
Palabras clave: Agricultural ecology, agriculture, irrigation systems, production, sustainable development.

Resumen

ABSTRACT

 

The purpose of this article is to describe the agricultural and environmental problems that are face nowadays, such as agricultural ecology. The problem arises due to changes in the agricultural environment, which makes it no longer adequate to maintain the life of living beings caused by the use of insufficient irrigation water that does not meet the needs. If this is not resolved, it will eventually result in the disruption of the food chain in the ecosystem, which will cause the explosion and destruction of living creatures.

Citas

AMOAH, P., DRECHSEL, P., ABAIDOO, R.C. & ABRAHAM, E.M. (2009). Improving food hygiene in Africa where vegetables are irrigated with polluted water.

AYANWALE, A.B. & ALIMI, T. (2004). “The impact of the National Fadama facility in alleviating rural poverty and enhancing agricultural development in south-western Nigeria”. Journal of social sciences, 9(3), 157-161.

AHMED, B., MUME, J. & KEDIR, A. (2014). “Impact of Small-scale Irrigation on Farm Income Generation and Food Security Status: The Case of lowland Areas, Oromia, Euhiopia”. International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), 2(10), 412-419.

ALSTON, J.M., & PARDEY, P.G. (2014). “Agriculture in the global economy”. The Journal of

BACHMANN, F. (2011). “Potential and limitations of organic and fair trade cotton for improving livelihoods of smallholders: evidence from Central Asia”. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems FirstView Article: 1-10.

BACON, C. (2005). “Confronting the coffee crisis: can fair trade, organic, and specialty coffees reduce small-scale farmer vulnerability in northern Nicaragua?” World development 33(3): 497-511.

BADGLEY, C. et al. (2007). “Organic agriculture and the global food supply”. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 22(02): 86.

BAKEWELL-STONE, P. et al. (2008). “Potentials for organic agriculture to sustain livelihoods in Tanzania”. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 6(1): 22-36.

BALITBANG PEKERJAAN UMUM. (2012). Operation and Maintenance of Participatory Irrigation in Chea, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum, Jakarta.

BAWA, K.S. & SEIDLER, R. (1998). “Natural forest management and conservation of biodiversity in tropical forests. Conserv Biol. 12:46–55”. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]

BENGTSSON, J. et al. (2005). “The effects of organic agriculture on biodiversity and abundance: a meta-analysis”. Journal of Applied Ecology 42(2): 261-269

BRANDT, K. & J. MØLGAARD, P. (2001). “Organic agriculture: does it enhance or reduce the nutritional value of plant foods?” Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 81(9): 924-931.

BRAY, D.B. et al. (2002). “Social dimensions of organic coffee production” in Mexico: lessons for eco-labeling initiatives. Society & Natural Resources 15(5): 429-446

CAMBRIDGE, UK, DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, GOVERNMENT OF, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY, GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA, January. (1995). Asset Management Procedures For Irrigation Schemes,-Preliminary guidelines for the preparation of an asset management plan for irrigation infrastructure.

CECCON, E., GONZÁLEZ, E.J. & MARTORELL, C. (2016). “Is direct seeding a biologically viable strategy for restoring forest ecosystems?” Evidences from a meta-analysis. L Degrad Dev. 520:511–520. [Crossref], [Google Scholar]

CLARK, C.J., POULSEN, J.R., LEVEY, D.J. & OSENBERG, C.W. (2007). “Are plant populations seed limited?” A critique and meta‐analysis of seed addition experiments. Am Nat. 170:128–142. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/518565.[Crossref],[Webof Science ®], [Google Scholar]

COLLA, G. et al. (2000). “Soil physical properties and tomato yield and quality in alternative cropping systems”. Agronomy Journal 92(5): 924-932

CROSSON, P. & BRUBAKER, S. (1982). Resource and Environmental Effects of U.S. Agriculture. Washington: Resources for the Future.

DAMGAARD-LARSEN. (2009). “Conservation farming strategies in East and Southern Africa: yields and rain water productivity from on-farm action research.” Soil and Tillage Research 103: 23-32

ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES 28(1), 121-146.

FIRST WORLD IRRIGATION FORUM, MARDIN, TURKEY. (2013). Economics of Irrgation System, Water for Sustainable Agriculture, ICID.

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION FOR THE UNITED NATIONS. (2012). State of the world ’s forests. Rome (Italy).

GARDNER, T.A., BARLOW, J., CHAZDON, R., EWERS, R.M., HARVEY, C.A., PERES, C.A. & SODHI, N.S. (2009). “Pros pects for tropical forest biodiversity in a human-modified world”. Ecol Lett. 12:561–582. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]

HADIHARDAJA,I.K. & GRIGG, N.S. (2011). “Decision support system for irrigation maintenance” in Indonesia: a multi-objective optimization study, Water Policy Vol 13 No 1 pp 18–27.

HARWOOD, R.R. (1990). "A History of SIJ.s.tainable Agriculture", in C.A. Edwards, R. Lal, P. Madden, R. Miller and G. House (eds.), Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Ankeny: Soil and Water Conservation Society.

HOLT-GIMΕNEZ, E. (2002). “Measuring farmers' agroecological resistance after Hurricane Mitch in Nicaragua: a case study in participatory, sustainable land management impact monitoring”. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 93(1-3): 87-105

INSTITUTE OF IRRIGATION STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON, UK in association withWRc Engineering, Swindon, UK, Mott MacDonald,

LEE, D.R. (2005). “Agricultural sustainability and technology adoption: Issues and policies for developing countries”. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 87(5): 1325-1334.

LEIFELD, J. & FUHRER, J. (2010). “Organic farming and soil carbon sequestration: what do we really know about the benefits?” AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment: 1-15

SAINJIU, U.M., WHITEHEAD, W.F. & SINGH, B.P. (2003). “Agricultural Management Practices to sustain Crop Yields and Improve Soil and Environmental Qualities.” The Scientific World Journal 3: 768-789.

SMIT, B. & SMITHERS, J. (1992). "Adoption of Soil Conservation Practices: An Empirical Analysis in Ontario, Canada", Land Degradation and Rehabilitation, forthcoming.

SUMARYANTO, SIREGAR,M., HIDAYAT,D. & SURYADI, M. (2006). Evaluasi Kinerja Operasi dan Pemeliharaan jaringan Irigasi dan Upaya Perbaikannya. Pusat AnalisisSosial dan Kebijakan Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Departemen Pertanian.

SUNWATER, O. (2010). Review of Irrigation Prices Asset Management Planning Methodology Paper.

SUPADI. (2009). Model Pengelolaan Irigasi Memperhatikan Kearifan Lokal, Disertasi Doktor Teknik Sipil Universitas Diponegoro, tidak dipublikasikan, Semarang

TOVIGNAN, D.S. & NUPPENAU, E.A. (2004). Adoption of organic cotton in Benin: does gender play a role. Conference on Rural Poverty Reduction through Research for Development and Transformation, Berlin

VALKILA, J. (2009). “Fair trade organic coffee production in Nicaragua-Sustainable development or a poverty trap?” Ecological Economics 68(12): 3018-3025.

VOHLAND, K. & BARRY, B. (2009). “A review of in situ rainwater harvesting (RWH) practices modifying landscape functions in African drylands.” Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 131(3-4): 119-127.

WELCH, R. M. & GRAHAM, R.D. (1999). “A new paradigm for world agriculture: meeting human needs: Productive, sustainable, nutritious”. Field Crops Research 60(1-2): 1-10

ZHEN, L. & ROUTRAY, J.K. (2003). “Operational indicators for measuring agricultural sustainability in developing countries”. Environmental Management 32(1): 34-46.

ZHEN, L., ROUTRAY, J.K., ZOEBISCH, M.A., CHEN, G., XIE, G. & CHENG, S. (2005). Three dimensions of sustainability of farming practices in the North China Plain: a case study from Ningjin county of Shandong province

ZHEN, L., ZOEBISCH, M.A., CHEN, G. & FENG, Z. (2006). “Sustainability of farmers' soil fertility management practices: a case study in the North China Plain”. Journal of Environmental Management 79(4): 409–419

Publicado
2020-05-15
Cómo citar
Damanik, S. E. (2020). Agricultural Ecology of Irrigation Systems and Sustainable Development in Simalungun region, Indonesia. Utopía Y Praxis Latinoamericana, 25(1), 272-281. Recuperado a partir de https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/utopia/article/view/31899