Estrategias alternativas al uso de antibióticos durante la etapa postdestete en cerdos criados en sistemas de producción intensiva
Palabras clave:
Control de enfermedades, Producción, Salud pública, Terapia
Resumen
Con el fin de promover la salud animal, se realizó una revisión sobre las estrategias alternativas al uso de antibióticos durante el postdestete en la producción porcina. Se hizo un análisis bibliométrico de artículos publicados en Scopus y Web of Science desde 2000 al 2025 usando VOSviewer y Bibliometrics. El incremento durante últimos cinco años en el número de artículos sugiere la relevancia del uso de alterativas como probióticos, prebióticos y fitobióticos. Los probióticos han mostrado eficacia en restaurar el equilibrio de la microbiota, fortalecer la barrera intestinal y modular la respuesta inmunitaria, mientras que los prebióticos favorecen la proliferación de bacterias beneficiosas y la producción de ácidos grasos de cadena corta. Los fitobióticos contribuyen a la mejora del rendimiento productivo y la salud intestinal debido a sus propiedades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias y antimicrobianas. No obstante, aún este tipo de estrategias se enfrenta a una serie de desafíos como la variabilidad en la composición de los fitobióticos y la necesidad de estandarizar dosis y combinaciones de compuestos bioactivos. El desarrollo de estas alternativas constituye una estrategia fundamental para reducir el uso de antimicrobianos en la alimentación animal, mejorar el bienestar animal y avanzar hacia sistemas de producción porcina más sostenibles.
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Duan, Q., Chen, D., Yu, B., Huang, Z., Luo, Y., Zheng, P., Mao, X., Yu, J., Luo, J., Yan, H., & He, J. (2022). Effect of sialyllactose administration on growth performance and intestinal epithelium development in suckling piglets. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 13, 30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115205
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Fairbrother, J. M., Nadeau, É., & Gyles, C. L. (2005). Escherichia coli in postweaning diarrhea in pigs: an update on bacterial types, pathogenesis, and prevention strategies . Animal Health Research Reviews, 6(1), 17–39. https://doi.org/10.1079/ahr2005105
Fan, X., Hu, H., Chen, D., Yu, B., He, J., Yu, J., Luo, J., Eckhardt, E., Luo, Y., Wang, J., Yan, H., & Mao, X. (2021). Lentinan administration alleviates diarrhea of rotavirus-infected weaned pigs via regulating intestinal immunity. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 12, 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00562-6
Freivogel, C., & Visschers, V. H. M. (2020). Understanding the underlying psychosocial determinants of safe food handling among consumers to mitigate the transmission risk of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 2546. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072546
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2026-01-11
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Navas, Y., Aragadvay-Yungán, G., & Vásquez, C. (2026). Estrategias alternativas al uso de antibióticos durante la etapa postdestete en cerdos criados en sistemas de producción intensiva. Revista De La Universidad Del Zulia, 17(48), 346-371. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18210603
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