Consecuencias ambientales de la explosión de la Central Hidroeléctrica Kahovsky sobre la Biodiversidad

• Oleksandr Nepsha Bohdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Melitopol, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3929-9946
• Svitlana Hryshko Bohdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Melitopol, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-3893
• Larysa Prokhorova Bohdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Melitopol, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-1897
• Tetiana Zavialova Bohdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University, Melitopol, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0040-2611
• Valeriy Lysenko Melitopol Insitute of Ecology and Social Technologies, University of «Ukraine», Melitopol, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3453-1331

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.42.09

Palabras clave: Central Hidroeléctrica de Kakhovka, embalse de Kakhovka, biodiversidad, áreas de conservación natural, consecuencias ecológicas

Resumen

El objetivo de este artículo es determinar las consecuencias ecológicas de la explosión de la central hidroeléctrica de Kakhovskaya (sur de Ucrania) para la diversidad biológica de la región. Los principales métodos de investigación fueron: generalización teórica y enfoque sistémico-funcional, análisis, síntesis, método de expedición. Las consecuencias ecológicas de la destrucción de la presa de la central hidroeléctrica se dividen en dos tipos: drenaje e inundación. Como resultado de las inundaciones, se vieron afectados 48 objetos del fondo de reserva natural, con una superficie total de 120 mil hectáreas. Los biotopos acuáticos y los biotopos característicos de zonas sobrehumedecidas fueron los más afectados por el drenaje. 38 especies raras de biotopos protegidos por el Convenio de Berna se vieron afectados por el desastre ecológico; humedales de importancia internacional (los llamados Ramsar) con una superficie de 33.000 hectáreas en el delta del Dniéper y siete objetos de la red Esmeralda. Las perspectivas de futuras investigaciones están relacionadas con el estudio de la restauración de biotopos después de un desastre ecológico.

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