Características de los cambios en el equilibrio prooxidante- antioxidante de los tejidos durante la activación de la germinación de semillas

• Mariia Bobrova Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University. Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-651X
• Olena Holodaieva Kyiv International University. Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-7033
• Svitlana Koval International European University. Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-177X
• Olha Tsviakh V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Mykolaiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-2170
• Olena Kucher V.O. Sukhomlynskyi Mykolaiv National University. Mykolaiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-6855

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.37.23

Palabras clave: antioxidantes, germinación, glutatión, ácido ascórbico, catalasa, radical anión superóxido, superóxido dismutasa, citocromo oxidasa

Resumen

Objetivo de la investigación: identificar cambios en el valor de indicadores del estado del sistema prooxidante-antioxidante (SPA) en tejidos de semillas en reposo y el inicio de sus procesos de germinación. El tema de la investigación es el papel de los componentes individuales del SPA para garantizar la activación de las semillas antes de la germinación. Metodología. La determinación cuantitativa de indicadores del estado de SPA se realizó en muestras de tejido de semillas de las siguientes plantas: Glycine  max L., Helianthus annuus L., Fagopyrum esculentum L., Linum usitatissimum L., Sinapis alba L., Chenopodium quinoa L. , Panicum miliaceum L., Oryza sativa L., Avena sativa L., Zea mays L., Hordeum vulgare L., Triticum durum Desf. Se determinó la concentración de radical anión superóxido (•O2-), productos activos de TBA, actividad de citocromo oxidasa, actividad de superóxido dismutasa, catalasa,  concentración de ácido ascórbico, glutatión. Los resultados de la investigación  muestran que para los tejidos de semillas de plantas experimentales de Magnoliopsida en reposo, ambos enlaces de SPA son más potentes que en Liliopsida, el nivel de peroxidación de radicales libres (PRL) es menor, lo que se logra tanto por enzimática como por bajo antioxidantes de peso molecular (AO). La activación de la germinación potencia ambos enlaces de SPA en todos los grupos experimentales de plantas. Sin embargo, en Magnoliopsida observamos la mayor generación de •O2-, y el predominio de la protección por AO enzimático, y en Liliopsida -de bajo peso molecular.

Citas

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