Diferencias de género en el emprendimiento individual en los países modernos

• Iuliia Pinkovetskaia Ulyanovsk State University http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8224-9031
• Natalia Neif Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2758-6684
• Aleksandra Navasardyan Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0129-7099
• Tatyana Treskova Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7478-0095
• Marina Yashina Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7133-1793

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46925//rdluz.34.14

Palabras clave: Emprendedores, mujeres, hombres, roles de género, trabajador por cuenta propia

Resumen

El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los indicadores que caracterizan el nivel de emprendimiento individual entre mujeres y hombres que son emprendedores en ciernes en diferentes países. Los cálculos se basaron en datos empíricos presentados en el marco del Proyecto Mundial de Vigilancia de la Empresa para cincuenta y nueve países. El modelado económico-matemático se basó en el desarrollo de funciones de densidad de distribución normal. En el estudio se evaluaron tres indicadores que caracterizaban a las empresas por cuenta propia en 59 países: la proporción de mujeres empresarias por cuenta propia en el número total de mujeres que participan en la creación de empresas por cuenta propia en diferentes países; la proporción de hombres empresarios por cuenta propia en el número total de hombres que participan en la creación de empresas por cuenta propia en diferentes países; y la proporción de mujeres y hombres empresarios por cuenta propia. Se determinaron los promedios y los rangos de variación de los indicadores examinados, que son comunes en la mayoría de los países. Además, se identificaron las economías nacionales que se caracterizan por valores altos y bajos de cada uno de los tres indicadores. El estudio reveló que en la mayoría de los países hay diferencias de género en los valores de los indicadores. Se ha demostrado que la proporción de mujeres que trabajan por cuenta propia es mayor en la mayoría de los países que en los hombres.

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