Consumption of minerals and trace elements in children and adolescents and the components of the metabolic syndrome

• Luisandra González Inciarte School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia
• Aida Souki Rincón School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia. Doctorate in Health Sciences, Graduate Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia
• Marianais Urbina Sánchez School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia
• Rebeca Blanco Rincón School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia
• Doris García Camacho School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia
• Gabriel Ruiz Doctorate in Health Sciences, Graduate Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zulia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281//zenodo.17979686

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, minerals, trace elements, diet

Abstract

Minerals and trace elements are essential micronutrients for the human body. The main objective of this research study was to evaluate the consumption of minerals and trace elements in children and adolescents with components of metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods: A descriptive field study with a correlational analytical approach was conducted, evaluating 269 participants. Mineral and trace element intake was assessed through structured dietary interviews, which provided detailed information about eating habits and preferences, as well as food consumption frequency. The SPSS statistical package for Windows version 21 was used to analyze the results. Results: In this study, 59% of the children and adolescents evaluated showed more than three criteria for MS; overall energy and macronutrient intake was normal to low, high in sodium, low in calcium and potassium, high in iron and zinc, but low in manganese, iodine, and copper. Furthermore, the association between MS components and mineral and trace element intake was statistically significant and direct between phosphorus and blood pressure (SBP and DBP), between sodium and the criteria: CC, SBP, and DBP. However, the relationship was inverse between zinc and TAG and between magnesium and CC. Conclusions: Inadequate consumption of minerals and trace elements may predispose children and adolescents to developing components of MS.

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