Electrocardiographic alterations in federated athletes from the province of El Oro, Ecuador
Abstract
High-performance athletes present morphological and physiological cardiovascular adaptation mechanisms, but in some cases there is a genetic predisposition or a pre-existing disease that conditions the athlete's health. Electrocardiographic alterations were determined in federated athletes from the province of El Oro to establish their clinical significance and prognostic implications. The methodology was descriptive, observational and cross-sectional; the population consisted of 118 athletes who underwent a preparticipative evaluation that included: personal and family clinical history, physical examination and electrocardiographic evaluation after informed consent and assent. The most common electrocardiographic alterations were: slowed atrioventricular conduction (18.5%), altered ST segment (5.6%), high T wave (14.16%), inverted T wave (4.24%) and flattened T wave (2.8%). Bradyarrhythmias were more frequent in aerobic sports. It was concluded that the electrocardiogram facilitates the screening of athletes at cardiovascular risk, since it provides data associated with the rhythm, frequency, cardiac axis and electrical conduction of the heart.
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