Wastewater treatment in Bolivia
Tratamiento de aguas residuales en Bolivia
Abstract
Wastewater treatment comprises the procedures aimed at improving water quality so that they produce effects that are compatible with the requirements of international laws, as supported by the United Nations in its sustainable development objectives. In this research, a diagnosis was made on the current situation of wastewater treatment in Bolivia. From the theoretical point of view, the investigation is supported by official reports from the Drinking Water and Basic Sanitation Supervision Authority (AAPS, 2021), reports from the Ministries of the Environment and Water (2013), as well as opinions and positions of authors such as Wagner (2010) Arteaga, Taquichiri, and Durán (2019) who suggest social education policies to reduce the rejection of communities to the implementation of treatment plants. Regarding the methodology used, it was descriptive - documents with a non-Experimental design. A population census of 10 regional bodies in Bolivia was considered where the use of wastewater is used for benefits to societies. The results obtained are the identification of stabilization ponds as the most widespread treatment in Bolivia; wastewater treatment plants with sizing and / or design deficiencies, overloads and / or malfunctions, of 219 plants (major and minor) 78% do not present good operation: 90 are abandoned, 23 in poor condition, 58 in regular status; only 48 plants present an adequate state of operation and functioning. As conclusions, the planning and execution of new treatment plants according to the flows and particular situations of each region (climate, presence of industries, personnel trained in maintenance, among others) was raised as a vital aspect, since the analysis carried out shows that most of them plants have been overloaded (flow rates higher than design).
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References
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