The Iraqi-Iranian War (1980-1988) And The International And Regional Situation
Resumen
The Iranian-Iraqi war has received a great deal of attention both internationally and regionally, because the geographical location of these two countries is very im- portant for the presence of oil wealth in the world, especially on the Gulf countries, in addition to the great oil resources found in the ground in the war mikkid. This war was a competitive struggle between two different states in every way. Each side of the conflict has goals and objectives in the region that are trying to achieve them, and they were completely convinced that when one of them gets what he wants, it is necessary not to achieve that for the other side. The Iraqi-Iranian dif- ferences did not remain before the start of the war in accordance with the concept of international conflict, which is often through conflict or transition to threat and pressure and bargaining and containment, but what happened, the differences be- tween the two countries has become clear and sharp through the media and verbal conflict . This conflict and conflict resulted in a military confrontation that lasted from 1980 to 1988, which caused a great deal of damage to both countries. The regional, Arab and international countries were far from observing that war and tried to intervene in order to influence the stirring up of that war. Intervention dip- lomatically or militarily and even the use of political means.Citas
Anthony Zinni, Gulf, Future Challenges, The Impact of US Policy on Gulf Security, Military Perspective, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, Abu Dhabi, 2005, i.
Monthly Report, Center for Research and Information, Baghdad, Third Year, Issue 5, 1984.
Annual Political Report, Embassy of the Republic of Iraq, Tokyo, 1980. 4) Final communiqué of the Gulf Cooperation Council, Second Session, Riyadh, 11 November 1981, published on the Internet: www.kuna.net.kw/ gce/index.asp.
Ibrahim Nawar, Oman’s Foreign Policy from Solitude to Mediation Di- plomacy, Journal of International Politics, Cairo, Al-Ahram Center for Re- search and Strategic Studies, No. 110, Year 28, T1 1992,39.
Bob Woodward, Target, Middle East, Secret War of the CIA, Cairo, Sinai Press, 1990, i.
Tammam al-Barazi, America and the Arabs, Eyewitness 1983-1990, Bei- rut, Dar al-Jeel, 1992, I, vol.
George Schultz, The Memoirs of George Schultz, Turbulence and Nasr, Oman, The National Publishing and Distribution, 1994, translated by Mo- hammed Dabour et al.
Hamed Abdullah Rabie, Gulf War and International Interactions, National Security Journal, Baghdad, Issue (4), Year (8), 1986.
Salah al-Mukhtar, Did Moscow Start the Quest for a Peaceful Solution to the Gulf War, Journal of the Arab Pioneer, Baghdad, No. 162, July 16, 1984.
Hussein Omar Touqa, The Iraqi-Iranian War and its Impact on Arab National Security, Journal of Documentation, Baghdad, Issue 1, Seventh Year, 1988.
d. Gregory J. Joss III, US Policy Towards Iraq, Emirates Center for Stra- tegic Studies and Research, No. 83, 2003, I, Abu Dhabi.
Robert Snyder, United States of America and Iran, Analysis of Struc- tural Obstacles of Convergence, Abu Dhabi, Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, i.
Rafid Boutros Haddad, The Iraqi-Iranian War in the Gulf Arab Press, Master Thesis (unpublished), Faculty of Arts, University of Baghdad, 1988. 15) Robert Carmen, Khomeini hostage, Abu Dhabi, Dawn Printing Press, translation Shams Eddin Nasser, 1981.
Sabri Faris Al-Hitti, The Arabian Gulf, A Study in Political Geography, 1, Dar Al-Rasheed, Baghdad, 1979.
Sabri Faris al-Hitti, The Strait of Hormuz, The Iraq-Iran War, Journal of Media Documentation, Baghdad, No. 1-2, Third Year, 1984, p. 26;
Sabah Mahmoud Mohamed, Turkey’s Foreign Policy, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, 1985.
Abdel Moneim Said, American-Arab Relations, Past, Present and Fu- ture, The Future of the Arab Magazine, Beirut, Issue 118, Year 11, 1988, p. 20) Abdul Qadir Hamoudi Al-Qahtani, Strait of Hormuz and the Arabian Gulf, Journal of the Document, Bahrain, Issue 38, Year 19, 2000, p. 74.
Abdul Qader Mohammed Fahmy, International Conflict and its Im- plications for Regional Conflicts, Analytical Study of the Two-Power Polar Conflict and their Role in Third World Conflicts, Study Model, Iraq-Iran War, Baghdad, Dar al-Hikma for Printing and Publishing, 1990, p.
Ghazi Al-Nahar, US-Iraqi Relations, Reality and Prospects, Future Vi- sion, published research, Arab-American Relations Towards a Bright Fu- ture, University of Jordan, Amman, 2001.
Philip Rondo, Iran A Vital Soviet Betting, The Arab World Magazine, No. 304, 16 / K 1, 1982, p. 49; No. 284, 29 July 1982.
Nabil Abdel Fattah, War and Security Issues in the Gulf, International Policy Journal, International Policy File on the Iraq-Iran War, Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies, Cairo, Issue 93, K2/1981.
Mohamed El-Said El-Idris, Regional System for the Arabian Gulf, 1,Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 2000.
Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, Gulf War, Illusions of Power and Victory, Al-Ahram Center for Translation and Publishing, Cairo.
Al-Seyassah International Journal (opening), Al-Ahram Foundation for Strategic Studies and Research, Cairo, Issue 64, March 1981.
Al-Seyassah International Journal, Al-Ahram Center for Strategic Studies and Research, Cairo, No. 71, K2 / 1983.
Al-Ahram Center for Strategic Studies and Research, Al-Ahram Center for Strategic Studies and Research, Al-Ahram Center for Strategic Studies / Cairo, No. 66, year 17/1/1981.
Mohamed Mahmoud Al-Tannahi, United States of America and the Arab Gulf, Cairo, I, 2005.
Mashhour Salama, A Soviet Lesson for Some Arab Patriots in Strategic Stability and Tactical Flexibility, Arab Pioneer Magazine, Issue 68, August 27, 1984.
Soviet Novosti News Agency, n. Podgorini, under the banner of Lenin towards new victories to build communism, 6 November 1969.
Documents of the Iraqi Ministry of Defense, Political Guidance De- partment, (speeches and talks about the Iran-Iraq War), C3, Baghdad, Po- litical Guidance Press, 1983.
Yahya Hilmi Rajab, The Security of the Arabian Gulf in the Light of Re- gional and International Changes, The Economic Dimension of the Secu- rity of the Arabian Gulf, Cairo, Al Mahrousa Center for Research, Training and Publishing, 1997,
newspapers and magazines:
An-Nahar newspaper, February 11, 1981.
The Kuwaiti newspaper Al-Qabas, 10/10/1983;
Al-Siyasah newspaper, Kuwait, 23/2/1984.
Al-Thawra newspaper, April 9, 1981.
Al-Dustour Magazine, No. 197, August 33, 1981,
Journal of the Arab World, No. 284, 29 July 1982, p.
Iraqi Journal of Journalism, Baghdad, No. 774, July 27, 1983, p.
The Soviet Pravda newspaper, Moscow, 21 K 2, 1983.
Al-Gomhouria, Baghdad, August 4, 1984.
Iraqi newspaper, Baghdad, 25 April 1983.
Al-Thawra newspaper, Baghdad, 18 August 1983.
Al-Dustour newspaper, Jordan, September 29, 1983.
Al-Watan newspaper, 25 April 1