Detection of Microsporidia and associated factors in HIV-positive patients with diarrheal syndrome at the Hospital "Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez,” Guayaquil-Ecuador, 2021-2022
Abstract
Microsporidiosis is an emerging opportunistic human infection, capable of producing from a localized infection to a systemic infection. The objective was to detect the presence of Microsporidia in samples from HIV positive patients with diarrheal syndrome at the “Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez” from Guayaquil, 2021-2022. 87 patients were studied using the optical microscopy method, with fast-hot Gram Chromotrope staining, the analysis of results was carried out through descriptive statistics and Excel and SPSS software were used. About the total number of individuals studied, 13 (14.9%) patients were found positive for Microsporidia and 74 (85.1%) did not present spores. Regarding the level of education, 8 (61.5%) have primary school and 5 have secondary school (38.5%), marital status 10 (76.9%) are single and 3 (23.1%) are married, the highest concentration is in Guayaquil 8 (6.5%), Durán 1 (7.7%), Esmeralda 1 (7.7%) and Riobamba 3 (23.1%). The levels of LTCD4+, 7 (53.85%) patients had below 500 xml3 cells and 6 (46.15%) had more than 500 To the type of diarrhea, 13 (100%) presented chronic diarrhea. In conclusion, the optical microscopy method using fast-hot Gram Chromotrope staining allowed the detection of microsporidia spores, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity
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